虛擬語氣 (2).ppt

1、,to our class,The subjunctive mood 虛擬語氣,語氣,英語的動詞一般可帶有三種不同的語氣：陳述語氣，祈使語氣和虛擬語氣。不同的語氣用動詞的不同形式（來表示。,虛擬語氣,虛擬語氣是一種特殊的動詞形式， 一是用來表示說話人所說的話不是一個事實(shí)，而是一種假設(shè)、猜測、懷疑等(在條件如if從句中或讓步狀語從句中)； 一是表示說話人的愿望、要求、命令、建議等 (在賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句,) I suggest that he should go to school. My suggestion is that he should go to school.,虛擬語氣

2、的概念,If I had enough money now, I would buy myself a computer first. If you had worked hard last year, you would have passed the exam. If it were /should be fine tomorrow, i would go on a trip.,與現(xiàn)在的事實(shí)相反:從句（過去時) 主句（would/should/might/could do） 與過去事實(shí)相反： 從句（had done） 主句(should/would/might/couldhave done

3、) ） 與將來事實(shí)相反： 從句 （ should do/did） 主句（would/should/might/could do）,1：虛擬語氣在if引導(dǎo)的條件句中,過去時,should/would/ might/coulddo,had done,should/ would/ might / couldhave done,were to/should do/did,should/ would might/ coulddo,記一記,一、虛擬語氣在條件句中,使用虛擬條件句要注意的幾點(diǎn)：,，當(dāng)條件狀語從句表示的行為和主句表示的行為所發(fā)生的時間不一致時，被稱為： 混合虛擬語氣，動詞的形式要根據(jù)它所表示的

4、時間作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整,If you _(study) hard before, you _(pass) the exam now.,had studied,would pass,If it had rained even a drop, things would be better now.,省略句 在條件句中，可省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，變?yōu)榈寡b句式,If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. Had you com

5、e earlier, you would have met him. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbed.,二、虛擬語氣在名詞從句中的運(yùn)用,（1）用于賓語從句（wish),、wish 后面的賓語從句中。 一般用虛擬語氣，表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。其謂語動詞形式為：,表現(xiàn)在過去時 表過去過去完成時(had done) 表將來woul

6、d, might, coulddo,I wish (that) I _(go) tomorrow. I wish (that) I_ a bird.(be) I wish (that) I _ the film last night.(see),wouldcould go,were,had seen,if only, as if/though同wish的虛擬形式一樣： 表現(xiàn)在過去時 表過去過去完成時(had done) 表將來would, might, coulddo,2.用于表示命令、建議、要求等一類詞后面的賓語從句。,insist, order, command, suggest, adv

7、ise, propose,recommend require, request, demand, desire etc.,We suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.,They insisted that the boy (should) go with them.,注意：suggest 當(dāng)表示“暗示、表明“講時，insist 表示”堅持認(rèn)為“之意時，應(yīng)用陳述語氣。,The smile on his face suggested that he was satisfied with our work.,The man insisted t

8、hat he had never stolen the money.,他臉上的表情表明他對我們的工作很滿意,那個人堅持說他沒有偷錢,賓從謂語:(should) +do,2. It is (high / about ) time that從句中的謂語動詞用過去式或should動詞原形，should不能省略,三、虛擬語氣在其他從句中,It is high time that you went / should go to school.,1, 在It is necessary/ important/strange/natural/possible +that-clause中謂語動詞用should+

9、do，should可以省。 It is natural that she (should) make such a mistake.,3.would rather + 從句表示現(xiàn)在的情況,應(yīng)用過去式; 如果是過去的情況,應(yīng)用過去完成時態(tài),I would rather you _ (tell)me the truth. I would rather you _(go) there last Sunday.,told,had gone,When a pencil is partly in a glass of water , it looks as if it were broken. 6 在in

10、 case，for fear that，lest引導(dǎo)的從句中，謂語動詞用should+do，從句表達(dá)“唯恐，以免”之意，有時也用陳述語氣。 The student is working hard for fear that he should fail to pass the exam. Youd better take an umbrella in case it rains.,Choose the best answer: 1. He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm. A. be finished B.will finish

11、C. must be finished 2.He _ you more help,even though he was very busy. A, might have given B. might give C.may have given 3.It is high time that you _ your uncle. A. visit B. have visited C. would visit D.visited,A,A,A,B,4. The young man insisted that he _ nothing wrong and _ free. A. did; set B. had done; should be set C. should do; be set D. had done; must be set 5. Had you listened to the doctor, you _ all right now. are B. were C. would beD. would have been 6. You _ come