phonetics.ppt

1、音標(biāo),關(guān)于語音的幾個概念:,音素: 音的最小單位,英語中有_個音素. 音節(jié): 由_和_構(gòu)成的發(fā)音單位. 元音: 發(fā)音響亮,是樂音,口腔中氣流不受阻礙, 是音節(jié)的主要組成部分.英語中有_個元音. 輔音: 發(fā)音不響亮,是噪音,口腔中氣流受到阻礙,不是音節(jié)的重要組成部分,英語中有_個輔音.,48,元音,輔音,20,28,音節(jié): 1）音節(jié)是讀音的基本單位，任何單詞的讀音，都是分解為一個個音節(jié)朗讀。在英語中元音特別響亮， 2)一個元音可構(gòu)成一個音節(jié)，一個元音和一個或幾個輔音音素結(jié)合也可以構(gòu)成一個音節(jié)。一般說來，元音可以構(gòu)成音節(jié)，輔音不響亮，不能構(gòu)成音節(jié)。 3)英語輔音字母中有 4 個輔音m，n，ng，l

2、是響音，它們和輔音音素結(jié)合，也可構(gòu)成音節(jié)。它們構(gòu)成的音節(jié)往往出現(xiàn)在詞尾，一般是非重讀音節(jié)。,劃分音節(jié)的方法： 1)元音是構(gòu)成音節(jié)的主體，輔音是音節(jié)的分界線。 2)兩輔音之間不管有多少個元音，一般都是一個音節(jié)。如：bed ，bet ，seat ，beat ，beauty 。 3)兩元音字母之間有一個輔音字母時，輔音字母歸后一音節(jié)，如：student，labour 。 4)有兩個輔音字母時，一個輔音字母歸前一音節(jié)，一個歸后一音節(jié)，如：letter，winter 。 5)不能拆分的字母組合按字母組合劃分音節(jié)。如：father ，teacher 。,英語的詞有一個音節(jié)的，兩個音節(jié)的，多個音節(jié)。 一個音

3、節(jié)的單詞叫單音節(jié)詞，兩個音節(jié)的詞叫雙音節(jié)詞，三個音節(jié)以上的詞叫多音節(jié)詞。如： take ， ta-ble ， po-ta-to， po-pu-la-tion con-gra-tu-la-tion te-le-com-mu-ni-ca-tion 電訊,音節(jié): 音的最小單位 開音節(jié)： 1)輔音+元音+輔音+不發(fā)音e kite cake name bike make take home plane shine 2)輔音+元音 he hi go no do be tree three hello 閉音節(jié): 1)輔音+元音+輔音 sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map h

4、ead 2)元音+輔音 it is of in on up out ant,元音：單元音,i: 字母組合:ee ea e ie ee: three tree green sheep meet beef see seek(ee) ea: eat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean please(ea) e: he she me(e) ie: piece field believe receive ceiling (ie,ei) Please take a seat and have tea with me.,i 發(fā)音字母 i y e

5、 a i: sit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build miss y: myth many twenty happy dictionary e: defect decide delicious a: message village comrade Comparison: seat sit leavelive deed did beat bit sheepship cheap chip heel hill, 發(fā)音字母 a bag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad fl

6、ag shall man Pats cat is very fat.,e 字母組合 ea e a ea: head bread pleasure e: elephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes a: many any Betty never gets up early.,: 字母組合 ir ur ear er or ir: girl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third bird ur: turn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday

7、hurt ear: learn earn earth heard early er: term her herd serve or: work worm world The girls were very nervous at first., 字母組合 er or ou ar o a e u ea: teacher leader remember player speaker farmer powder or: doctor actor mayor author tractor ou: delicious gracious ar: collar familiar dollar o: toget

8、her tomorrow today lesson Washington control polite a: around account ago elephant banana Canada Japan China e: men listen u: us Peters elder sister was a doctor.,a: 字母組合 ar a ar: car farm card arm garden a: fast class last glass plant aunt calm My father parked his car in front of the bar at last.,

9、 發(fā)音字母 u o ou oo u: up supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus o: come mother does brother love above ou: trouble rough flourish oo: blood flood My son loves Mary very much.,: 字母組合 al or au ou ar aw oor our ore al: small wall talk tall hall ball call walk or: short more lord horse for forty sport au: autho

10、r caught autumn ou: bought ought fought ar: warm quarrel quarter aw: draw saw flaw oor: door floor our: four mourn court ore: store more All the men in the hall were talking about the Lords horse., 發(fā)音字母 o a o: hot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar not a: want wash what watch There are a lot of ho

11、tdogs in the box.,u: 字母組合 oo o u oo: food moon room gloom broom doom goose tooth o: who do two u: true truth blue June ruler Luke chooses a pair of blue shoes.,u 字母組合 oo ou u oo: look good foot book ou: should could would u: put full bull pull push o: woman wolf The woman is looking at the book.,eI

12、發(fā)音字母 a ay ea ai ey a: age name cake late gate plane April ay:play say may way day ea:great break ai:rain paint plain straight ey:they grey She ate eight pieces of cakes the day before yesterday.,a 字母組合 ou ow ou:house out ground account count sound loud around mouse ow:flower down now cow how town Ou

13、r house has a brown mouse., 發(fā)音字母 o ow oa o: home cold go no phone host ghost ow: know low below grow blow show flow oa: boat coat goal The old boat was floating slowly on the cold river.,I 字母組合oy oi oy: boy toy joy oi: oil soil voice choice boil The spoiled boy made a loud voice.,I 字母組合 e eer ear e:

14、 serious period eer: beer deer ear: ear hear clear near dear here fierce Can you hear him clearly?,e 字母組合ear air are ere ear: pear bear swear ere: there air: chair air fair are: care dare hare stare fare ere: there where The bear is staring at the hare., our oor ure tour poor sure The poor peasant f

15、ound a jewel box in the pool., e bad bed hand head man men land lend pan pen sad said,i: ei real rail greet great mean main read raid,e ai bet bite red write said side head hide,易混元音,a : house horse loud lord south sauce cloud clause now nor count corn,a found fond down done, gown gone town tom,易混元音

16、,p pen pear play pig pour pull push Peter helps Pat pick up the newspaper. b book big boot bike bread break rubber about baby cab rob Big boxes of bears were brought aboard.,t tree two ten ton town twenty city cat text last doctor bottle letter Two ticket takers took a taxi. d door dull desk dose do

17、 dog dictionary Debbie did not destroy Darrells dishes.,k k: king kite key look cook book kitchen sky c: card cat cream correct climb come ch: school schedule ck: kick quick ks x: fox box oxygen x-ray Good cookies could be cooked by good cookies cook. g girl good goal goat grade long language A big

18、black bug bit a big black pig.,f f: five fly fine flag frog fog roof life wife knife gh: cough laugh rough ph: physics photo pnone Frank found some fresh flowers for his friend. v v: very evening even every voice vest f: of He saved five hundred to visit his wife in vacation.,s s: six sit student sa

19、me seat kiss miss case scarf c: license city cease ceiling celebrate ce: licence piece juice science lance space ace The Spanish speak Spanish in Spain. z z: zoo zebra zero zap se: close nose noise suppose those whose rose use Lazy Lucy is crazy about cheese., think thank three thirty tooth mouth Th

20、ick sticks think thin sticks are sick. that this those these though My brother told me that the weather there was terrible the other night., sh: sheep shoulder ship shoe she brush t: nation attention station c: social special s: sure She sells seashell on the sea shore. pleasure usually measure visi

21、on They usually watch television for pleasure.,m man make moon morning move come comb Many a little makes a miracle. n n: pen ten nine fine night noon moon clean kn: knock knife know knee The thin man is an African dancer. n: uncle nk: bank think thank junk ng: English sing ring thing king morning e

22、vening The singer sang too many long songs.,l l: long land lend lord fly flag black -l: world cold could goal soul -ll: tall ill bell The little children are listening carefully in the classroom. r r: read red right run room Wr: write wrong The rich man called Frank is carrying a bag of rice.,h h: h

23、o t hop home house horse how wh: who whose whole Henry helped Helen to hide the heavy box in the exhibition. w wh: when what where w: window wind wood When will we go away?,j y: yes year yell you your yolk yellow Yes, you may use my yellow pen.,t ch: child chicken China chair lunch ouch teach tch: c

24、atch watch match t: picture nature Charles is watching a football match on Channel 5. t ge: age language cabbage stage bridge j: joy enjoy join J uly June junk just Jack g: geography genius German vegetable The judge, in his jeans, jumped into a jeep.,tr tr: tree country try treat track trunk Dont t

25、rouble trouble until trouble troubles you. dr dr: dry dream drop drive drink The drunk driver drove his truck in his dream.,ts ts: students boots boats goats nuts The cats are biting the rats. dz ds: goods woods moods hoods These roads lead to the woods.,v w vest west vet wet vine wine very well,s s

26、ink think mass math miss myth sort sought,z close cloth breeze breathe,易混輔音,n thin thing sin sing ran rang ban bang win wing,ei late grade bake grape nation station page,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,a, active hand bank fan family glad flag, accept about above formative machine cinema,a: fast last glass class past father,

27、 wash what watch want,i: appreciate extremely secret she me he,e,e letter left message generate pebble,i decide pretty previous result restore, problem prosperous student confident,不發(fā)音 active table late wife store lecture,ai high price library ice cream wife size line,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,i,i fist pick chicken pi

28、ano city unit pig,u lode host cold note okay old home,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,o,u: lose do who whose prove, love some other mother honey company, today tomorrow together control collect, lost hot mock office soft honest,ju university refuse unique universe huge,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,u,u put push pull full bull, but brush bucket du

29、ck bubble, support suggest,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,c,k country camp camera courage cable,s city ceiling celebrate cell cease,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,g,g girl grade glass glade bag flag,d village vegetable bridge gentleman gym, long song sing morning evening,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,l,l listen learn language collect English gorilla,讀音不同 world cold soi

30、l tall sell cool animal,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,n,n right read write grade progress, uncle hungry angry young,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,r,r listen learn language collect English gorilla, (美語發(fā)音) card board door floor form north,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,y,j yellow year yell young yolk,i university country pretty happy,ai dyke堤;壩 dying fly buy by my,組合音節(jié)發(fā)音規(guī)律,ar,a: farm card garden mark, dollar,: warm quarrel quarter,i: cease season breathe feature meat please,組合音節(jié)發(fā)音規(guī)律,ea,e bread breast breath meadow草地 weather,ei great break,i idea realize,字母發(fā)音規(guī)律,ear,: learn eart