中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)(知識(shí)框架篇).ppt

1、中考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí),知識(shí)框架篇,名詞,名詞的種類,專有名詞：,普通名詞：,可數(shù)：,不可數(shù)：,個(gè)體名詞：nurse, house, horse, apple, pen,集體名詞：people, family, class, trousers,物質(zhì)名詞： water, paper, air, milk,抽象名詞： work, housework, homework, information, news, weather,名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù),1、物質(zhì)名詞與抽象名詞一般無(wú)法用數(shù)目計(jì)算，為不可數(shù)名詞。 不可數(shù)名詞前不能加冠詞a 或an來(lái)表示量， 也沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。要表示“一個(gè)（只，塊，張。）”的概念，須加 a

2、 piece of , a bowl of , a drop of 等。表示“一些，許多”可用：some, any, a little, little, a lot of ,lots of , much, 等 2、集體名詞象people, police,trousers, scissors只有復(fù)數(shù)形式。Family, class等指?jìng)€(gè)體成員時(shí)為，指整體時(shí)為 3、有的名詞在表示某一詞義時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，而表示另一詞義時(shí)又是不可數(shù)名詞。 Glass, chicken, paper, exercise, orange,名詞的數(shù),、單數(shù)：_egg, _green desk, _orange, _yello

3、w orange, _interesting film, _ eight-year-old boy 、復(fù)數(shù)：詞尾加 s 或 es,復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成,規(guī)則：bus, box; tomato, potato; radio, photo,piano; match, watch; wish, brush; baby,factory,party; monkey , day; life,thief, knife;,不規(guī)則：man, woman, child, foot, tooth, mouse, Chinese, Japanese,fish, sheep, deer,復(fù)合名詞：,Boy friend_, ap

4、ple tree_ Man doctor_, woman engineer_,練習(xí),、which of the following words are countable, which are uncountable? Give both the single forms and plural forms,Work, music, milk, homework,chalk, child, stamp, watch, match, housework, life, knife, man, policeman, news, paper, tomato, tooth, sheep, coffee,

5、factory, tea, photo, boy, piano,mouse, photo, month, vegetable, newspaper, people, message, information, wolf, wife,2. Put the following into English,兩張紙，一個(gè)姑娘的名字，湯姆叔叔是我爸爸的一位朋友，二十分鐘的走路路程，這家醫(yī)院有名女醫(yī)生和男醫(yī)生，這是Sue 和Susan共有的房間,3. choice,1). During the _trip, the children learnt a lot A. ten-days B. ten days

6、C. ten day D. ten days,2. I dont know whose motorbike it is. It might be my _. A. neighbors B. neighbours C. neighbour D. neighbours 3._it is ! A. What a fine weather B. What fine weather C. How fine weather D. How fine a weather 4. _ are watching TV now. A. Mr. Green B. The Green C. The Greens D. M

7、rs. Green 5. Do you have _ time to take some exercise? A. some B. many C. any D. a few 6. Sam is _. But he is studying in China. A. England B. Englishman C. an English D. English 7. I am very thirty. Would you please bring me some_? A. rices B. cakes C. orange D. a piece of bread 8. He doesnt know _

8、 English because he has studied it for only _ weeks. A. much, a few B. little, few C. few, a little D. a few, a little,9. I asked her for _water, but she didnt have _. A. any, some B. any, any C. some, some D. some, any 10. I cant play because I have _work to do and _ books to read. many, many B. ma

9、ny, much C. much, many D. much, much 11. He was so thirsty that he drank _. A. two glass of water B. two glasses of waters C. two glasses of water D. two glass water 12. The shop doesnt sell _. A. a watch B. watches C. watch D. watchs 13. My father bought two_yesterday. A. box of apple B. boxes of a

10、pples C. box of apples D. boxes of apple 14. There are twelve _in a year. A. month B. monthes C. months D. the month 15. There are a lot of _down there but hardly any _. A. sheeps, people B. sheep, people C. sheeps, peoples D. sheep, peoples,16. There _sheep in the field. A. are much B. is small C.

11、is a few D. is a little 17. We walk with our _. A. foot B. foots C. feet D. a foot 18. It is not my dictionary. Its _. A. Ann B. Anns sister C. Ann sisters D. Anns sisters 19. Mr. Li is a friend of _.A. Johns uncle B. John uncles C. Johns uncles D. John uncle 20. _desk is the cleanest in the classro

12、om. A. Anns and Tom B. Ann and Toms C. Ann and Tom D. Anns and Toms 21. There are four chairs in my room, one in each_ A. side B. floor C. wall D. corner 22. Would you like fruit? -Yes, _is my favourite. A. tomato B. beef C. bread D.The pear,代 詞,I we,Me us,My our,Mine ours,yours,you,your,you,She he

13、it they,Her him it them,Her his its their,Hers his its theirs,Give an example of each prons,人稱代詞使用時(shí)應(yīng)注意,1。 分清its和its : its 它的。 例如: The clock has its face. its=it is 例如：Its a toy clock.,2. 名詞性物主代詞=形容詞性物主代詞+名詞，名詞是單數(shù)，名詞性物主代詞為單數(shù)，反之為復(fù)數(shù)。 例如： His brother is a soldier. Mine is a driver and hers is an enginee

14、r. I left my clothes on the chair. Where _his? a friend of his/mine/yours= one of hisfriends,3. A friend of his /mine=one of his /my friends; the watch of hers,4. 冠詞不能和形容詞性物主代詞一起用例如：a my cat(wrong),5. This/that +single noun; these/those + plural noun. 6. In the dialogue, it can be used to refer to (

15、this/that), they refer to (these /those) 7. That 可用來(lái)代替前面提到過(guò)的單數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，those代替復(fù)數(shù)名詞 例如：The weather today is finer than that yesterday. The radios made in Beijing are as good as those made in Shanghai.,8.反身代詞：A、能寫(xiě)出 B、注意搭配 例如：,Say to oneself enjoy oneself By oneself For oneself Help oneself Teach onese

16、lf,Lily saw her in the mirror. Lily saw herself in the mirror.,It 的用法,1、用以指前文提到的物，有時(shí)也可指不知性別的嬰兒或不確指性別的人 例如：,Where is your book? It is over there.,The baby is crying. It may be hungry,Who is knocking at the door? It must be Li Lei.,2. It 也可用來(lái)表示天氣、時(shí)間、距離等,It is rainy today. It will turn out fine tomorro

17、w,What is the time? It is nine.,It is ten minutes walk from here,3、作形式主語(yǔ)或形式賓語(yǔ)，沒(méi)有意義,It takes me ten minutes to walk from there. I found it very hard to learn grammar.,It /that /one 用以指前文提到過(guò)的單數(shù)名詞 them/those/ones用以指前文提到過(guò)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞,思考,1.The bag is in the middle of the road. Lets move _away. 2. If you need an

18、 eraser, I can lend you _. 3. If you need the eraser, I can lend _to you. 4. I have a new coat and some old _. 5. The story of my father is more interesting than _of mine. 6. The weather here is warmer than _in Beijing. 7. The temperature in the daytime is half of _at night. 7.The exercises in this

19、paper are much easier than _ in the mid-term paper. 8. My radio is broken. I will buy a new _.,結(jié)論,1、that, those 后常跟介詞短語(yǔ)（that/those +介詞短語(yǔ)）前文是不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)只能用that 替代 2、one/ones 前常有形容詞、冠詞、數(shù)量詞、等修飾。 3、it 指前文提到的那個(gè)名詞, some/any/no,My brother doesnt need _help. If you have got _questions, please put up your hands.

20、Would you like to have_bananas? Yes, Id like to. There isnt _water here.could you get _for me? I asked her for _paper, but she didnt have _ You can come at _time., some, any與 thing, body, one 構(gòu)成的合成詞的用法與some,any 一樣, a little /little; a few/few,Though it was late last night. I could still see _persons

21、 in the street. People are all getting together at a big dinner with their families at the new years eve, so you could see _persons walking in the street. Can you speak German? Yes, but only _. The lake is far away. _people like to go fishing there. There is _rain this summer. The trees are going to

22、 die. Sorry, I cant answer your question. I know _about the news. Dont hurry. We still have _time left. The old man has _friends. So he feels very lonely. He wanted to borrow some money from me, but I had _., other/ another,必背: Each other, (兩者) 互相 one another,（三者或以上）相互 one after another, 一個(gè)接一個(gè) from

23、one to another, 從一個(gè)到另一個(gè) the other day 不久前的某一天（用于過(guò)去時(shí)）,Another 另一個(gè)，泛指眾多中的一個(gè)，another+單數(shù)名詞,“再，又”：Another+數(shù)詞+名詞復(fù)數(shù)；相當(dāng)于：數(shù)詞+more+名詞復(fù)數(shù),1、some/any/many+other+ 2. The other: 兩個(gè)中另一個(gè) 3.The others：(= the other+plural noun) 4.others: some.others,1.Jimmy is taller than _ _ boy in his class. 2. This cap is too small

24、. Could you show me _? 3. Jimmy and Carter are back in the classroom now. where are _? 4. On Sundays some students are watching TV, _are going to the clubs. 5.there are only two books left.but I dont like this one. Will you show me _?,不定代詞,Both, all Neither, none,no one Each, every, either,any,一、Bot

25、h （兩者）都 all （ 三者或以上）都,1、 All the (my) students are very bright. All of the (my) students are very bright.(all of them) The (my)students are all very bright. All are here. (all = all people) All has gone well.(all = everything),2、Both of my parents work in the childrens hospital. (both of them) Both

26、my parents work in the childrens hospital. My parents both work in the childrens hospital.,3. Phrases: all day, all year, not at all, bothand,重點(diǎn) 提示,1、both 表兩者都，all 表三者都 2、Both+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；all+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞 3、both, all +of + 人稱代詞賓格；of 不能省 4、all both 作副詞時(shí)，位置在主動(dòng)詞后，行為動(dòng)詞前,Exercises: all or both I have two comp

27、uters and _ cost me more than ten thousand yuan.(but instead of but) There are trees and flowers on _ banks of the river.(side?) There are two windows in the room.They _face south. _of the twins are good at English.(if is instead of are) Youd better use _your eyes and your mind when you are reciting

28、 the text. _roads lead to the camp. So you can take any one of them.(what about either instead of any one) _the food in the shop has gone bad. He likes _the subjects in the school.,二、neither (兩者) 都不 none (三者或以上)都不，no one沒(méi)人,注意這些詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù),Neither none,The (ones)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù) 或不可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù),

29、1. Mr. Blare has two daughters. _is a doctor. 2. Lily and Lucy both like singing, but _ of them is good at dancing. 3. -Can you speak Chinese or Japanese? -I can speak _, but I can speak English. 4. The old man has six children, but _ of them would take care of him. 5. His father bought him many Eng

30、lish story books but he read _. 6. Who is in the room? _. 7. How much money is there in the box? _. It is empty.,3、each, every, either, any,Each: （兩者或以上）每一；可作代詞、形容詞、副詞,1、Each of us has a English-Chinese dictionary.(代詞) We each have an English-Chinese dictionary.(副詞) Each student has an English-Chine

31、se dictionary.(形容詞),2、every: （三者或以上）每一的，僅作定語(yǔ),Every student has bought an English-Chinese dictionary.,4. Either: (兩者之間) 任何一個(gè) 作代詞、形容詞、副詞,There are many trees and flowers on _side of the river. (形容詞) -When shall we meet, this evening or tomorrow morning? -I dont mind. _is OK.(代詞) He cant swim very well

32、, I cant _. （副詞）,Either.or/ neither nor.,Neither can I .,5.any: （三者或以上）任何一個(gè)，作代詞，形容詞,復(fù)習(xí),Both, all Neither, none, no one Each, every, either,any,復(fù)習(xí),1.When shall we meet again next week? -_day is OK. Its no problem with me. 2._of the students in our class want to go to plant trees. 3. -How are your gra

33、ndparents? -Theyre _fine. Thank you. 4. There are many trees on _side of the street. 5.Both the two boys are new to me. I dont know _of them. 6. -Do you want an apple or a pear? -_, I really dont mind. 7. Which of these two sweaters will you take? -Ill take _. They look nearly the same, and I just n

34、eed one. 8.Which do you like better, a cup of milk or a bottle of orange? -_, thanks. Id just like a cup of tea.,9. There are a lot of English books here, and _of them is easy to understand. 10. _of the shoes in the shop were the right size. They were either too big or too small for me.,改錯(cuò),1.Let eac

35、h them finish his work. 2. They each has got a flower. 3.You can use any of the two bikes. 4.My parents are all working in the field now. 5. Those football fans draw pictures on every side of his face. 6. No one of his pens are broken. 7. Neither Lily and my sister is the first to get there.,-Are th

36、e two answers correct? -No, _correct. A. no one is B. both are not C. neither is D. either is not 2. I invited Tom and Lily to dinner, but _of them came. A. neither B. both C. either D. none 3. Have you seen Harry and Tom? -I havent seen _of them. A. neither B. any C. either D. all 4. -Which of the

37、two books will you buy? -I will buy _. So I can give one of them to my friend Jimmy. A. either B. neither C. all D. both 5. As we were asleep, _of us heard the sound. A. both B. none C. either D. any 6. _of them knew about the plan because it was kept in a secret. A. Both B. none C. either D. any,7.

38、 We couldnt eat in KFC because _of us had _money on us. A. all, no B. any, no C. none, any D. no one , any 8. Would you like some eggs? Yes, just_.A. little B. very much C. two D. few 9. He is rich, but he spends _on food and clothes. A. little B. few C. a little D. much 10. Kate and her sister went

39、 to holiday with a cousin of _. A. their B. theirs C. her D. hers 11. Is your computer like Franks and Sues? -No, but its almost the same as_. A. her B. yours C. them D. their 12. The girl told _father that he would not lie to _any more . A. his, him B. her, her C. her, him D. his , her,13. -Is _her

40、e? -No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 14. They were all very tired, but _would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither 15. I hope there are enough stools for each visitor to have _. A. it B. those C. them D. one 16. -Would you like to

41、have some tea or coffee? -_. Thank you. Ive just had enough tea. A. Either B. Neither C. Some D. Both 17. I have _to say about the topic. You can ask somebody else. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 18. _is here. lets start our lesson. A. Everything B. Somebody . C. Nobody D. Everyone,1._ of the

42、 two boys works hard. They cant be good at their studies. 2. They planted trees on _sides of the street. 3. You can enjoy the different kinds of flowers on _side of the river bank. 4._you or I am wrong. Lets go and ask Mr Wu. 5. He can speak _English nor French. He can speak Japanese. 6. They were a

43、ll very tired, but _ of them would stop to have a rest. 7. Li Lei and I couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had any money on us.,8. She cant sing，_ (can) he. 9. If you dont go fishing next Sunday，_ will I. 10. _of the twins study in our school. And they are in the same class, too. 11. You ma

44、y go and borrow books from the library _on Monday or on Friday. 12. _the teachers in our grade love their students and work hard. 13. He reads English _morning from Monday to Friday. 14. -On which day of the week can you take me to the zee, Dad? -_day is possible for me. Ill have a seven-day holiday

45、. 15. There is _oil in the bottle. It is empty.,形容詞,形容詞的位置？,1、名詞前。例：一本有用的書(shū)、我們美麗的學(xué)校、 十部最佳影片、憤怒的人們,2、名詞后。一個(gè)裝滿水的 瓶子、很遠(yuǎn)的小鎮(zhèn)、 一棵兩百米高的樹(shù)、,3、不定代詞后。有些奇怪的東西、沒(méi)什么嚴(yán)重的,名詞化的形容詞,The + (adj): 表一類人或物。作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù),The rich, the poor, the old, the young, 等,表語(yǔ)性形容詞,只作表語(yǔ)、不能作定語(yǔ)置于名詞前但可作后置定語(yǔ)。沒(méi)有比較級(jí)的變化。不用修飾。這樣的形容詞多以開(kāi)頭：alone,afr

46、aid,asleep,awake,able,ill,well等,The baby is asleep. A sleeping baby. Dont wake up the baby asleep,The old man is alone. A single man. A lonely man.,這些表語(yǔ)性形容詞可作狀語(yǔ) The man lives alone in a small house,形容詞比較級(jí), 規(guī)則變化: 單音節(jié)詞和雙音節(jié)詞，在詞尾加-er構(gòu)成比較級(jí), -est構(gòu)成最高級(jí) A. tall, high B. nice, fine, C. big, thin, fat, hot, D

47、. easy, busy, E. clever, narrow,few,不規(guī)則變化,Good _ _ bad- _ _ Well- _ _ badly- _ _ ill- _ _ Many_ _ Much_ _ old Little_ _ Far_ _,形容詞比較等級(jí)的用法,、比較級(jí)than 2、the +比較級(jí)+ of +the +two 兩個(gè)當(dāng)中比較的一位 3、the +最高級(jí)+ of (in) +三者或以上。 4、as+形容詞原級(jí)+as 5、not so (as)+原級(jí)+as 6、the 比較級(jí)，the 比較級(jí)：越。就越。 7、比較級(jí)+ and + 比較級(jí)：越來(lái)越。 8、one of t

48、he 最高級(jí)+名詞復(fù)數(shù),比較級(jí)與最高級(jí)之間的轉(zhuǎn)換,1、比較級(jí)+than +any other+名詞單數(shù) 2、比較級(jí)+than+the +other(any of the other)+ 名詞復(fù)數(shù) 3、No one + 謂語(yǔ)+比較級(jí)+than 4、比較級(jí)+than +anyone else,湯姆比他的班上同學(xué)都高 湯姆比其他班上同學(xué)都高,Can we do our work with _money and_people? A.lessfew B. lessfewer C. littleless D. fewless 2. Roy is cleverer than _students in his

49、 class. A. every one of the B. all the C. any of the other D. many more 3. It is much colder here than _. A. Australia B. Australias C. in Australia D. of Australia 4. China is larger than _in Africa. A. any other country B. any country C. all the other countries D. any the country 5. He made the _m

50、istakes in the exam in his class. A. fewer B. less C. fewest D. least. 6. A lot of visitors come to Hangzhou because shes _city. A. very a beautiful B. quite a beautiful C. so a beautiful D. a quite beautiful,7. Jeff _music and knows a lot about it. A. is interested on B. is interested in C. is inte

51、resting about D. is interesting with 8. The smile on his face shows that he is _with his result. A. pleased B. sorry C. angry D. strict 9. I think the shop _from 8:00 a.m. to 9:30 p.m. A. is opening B. opens C. is open D. opened 10. Theres _with my bike, but I hurt my leg. A. wrong something B. noth

52、ing wrong C. anything wrong D. wrong everthing 11. The boy always plays _. He looks very _. A. alone, alone B. alone, lonely C. lonely, lonely D. lonely, alone 12. Would you like two more pieces of sausage ? No, thanks. Im _. A. hungry B. full C. enough D. thirty,Yesterday on my way home, it rained

53、_and I could _see the road. A. hardly, hardly B. hard, hard C. hardly, hard D. hard, hardly Dont worry. Everything will go on _with you. A. good B. nice C. fine D. well We cant put this bag in the car. Its _crowded. A. very B. so C. too D. rather The shirt is very beautiful, but it is _expensive. A.

54、 too much B. much too C. many D. more The patient ate _rice _he did yesterday. A. fewer than B. as little as C. as less as D. many more than The words on the screen are too small. I cant see them _. A. clearly B. clear C. carefully D. good She walked so _that she missed the last bus. A. fast B.quick

55、ly C. slower D. slowly Which would you like _, tea, orange or water? A. good B. better C. well D. best -How are you now? I am feeling _now after I have taken the medicine. A. well B. best C. better D. good,He wasnt _with the knife. He cut himself. A. careful enough B. enough careful C. carefully eno

56、ugh D. enough carefully He ran and ran but he couldnt run _to catch the bus. A. enough fast B. fast enough C. quick enough D. enough quickly Which is _building in Hang Zhou? A. high B.tall C. the highest D.the taller 4. Shanghai is the largest _all the cities in China. A. in B. on C. of D. at 5. She

57、 is _than any other girl in her class. A. thiner B. thinner C. thin D. the thinnest 6. Of the two pencil-boxes, the boy chose _one.A. less expensive B. the least expensive C. the less expensive D. the most expensive 7. Which problem is _difficult, this one or the other two? A. more B. the more C. most D. the most 8. I think that is _song at the most. A. more popular B. the most popular C. popular D. most popu