2017高考狀語從句.ppt

1、the Adverbial Clause 狀語從句,.狀語從句的概念和分類. 在主從復(fù)合句中充當(dāng)狀語的從句稱為狀語從句，在句子起副詞作用，修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子. 根據(jù)其作用可分為時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因、目的、結(jié)果、讓步、方式和比較等從句。,.狀語從句的分類及用法。 1.時(shí)間狀語從句 常見的引導(dǎo)詞： when / while / as; before / after; since; until; 、once; as soon as / immediately / instantly /the moment / the minute / the second/the instant/;

2、 no soonerthan / hardly (scarcely)when; the first (last) time / every time / each time / next time/ by the time,2.地點(diǎn)狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有where，特殊引導(dǎo)詞有wherever。 3.原因狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有because, since, as，now that, in that。 4.目的狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有so that, in order that，特殊引導(dǎo)詞有, in case, for fear that, for the purpose that，在目的狀語從句中常有

3、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 may ,might, can or could。 5.結(jié)果狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有so. that, such.that.,6.條件狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有if，unless，特殊引導(dǎo)詞有as/so long as, in case, on condition that。 7.讓步狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有though，although，even if，even though特殊引導(dǎo)詞有as(用在讓步狀語從句中必須要倒裝).while( -般用在句首)，no matter what, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever,however，whichever。

4、,8.方式狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有as , as if /as though(似乎、好像). 9.比較狀語從句常用引導(dǎo)詞有asas(同級(jí)比較)，than(不同程度的比較)。,(二). 從屬連詞的用法. when was/ were doing when; was/were about to do when; was/ were on the point of doing when Eg: He had just finished his work when supper was ready. I was cooking in the kitchen when someone knocked at

5、the door. I was about to go out when it began to rain.,E. 引導(dǎo)定語從句/名詞性從句. Eg: I will never forget the day when I first came to No. 2 Middle School. F.固定句式：It was+點(diǎn)時(shí)間+when從句 Practice 1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 2. (02上海) He w

6、as about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. while D. when,2).while:引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞必須是持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作和從句動(dòng)作的對(duì)比，表主從句動(dòng)作的同時(shí)性. “ 當(dāng)時(shí)候、和同時(shí)” Eg：While the discussion was going on, George came in . Strike while the iron is hot. Notes: while 的其它用法. A. 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，多用于句首，“雖然、盡管” t

7、hough/ although Eg: While I admit his good points, I can see his shortcomings. While he love his Ss, he is strict with them.,B.作并列連詞，“而、然而”，表前后意義的對(duì)比. Eg: I like music while my brother likes playing chess. C.引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句，“只要”. Eg: While there is life , there is hope. D. 作名詞用，“一會(huì)兒、一段時(shí)間”. all the while :一直

8、、始終 once in a while : 間或、偶爾 after a while :過了一會(huì)兒 wait for a while :等一會(huì)兒 a short while ago: 剛才,3). as: 表示主從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行或交替完成，“一邊一邊、隨著” Eg: As time goes by, we are growing wiser and wiser. She does her homework as she sings. Notes: as 的其它用法. 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句，“因?yàn)?、由于?(主句前后，表雙方都知道的原因.) Eg: As it is raining, we cant

9、 go hiking today. I must stop writing now, as I have quite a lot of homework to do.,B.引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，“雖然、盡管”， 此時(shí)從句常用倒裝語序，即將從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形提到as 之前. Eg: Strange as it may seem, it is true. Try as he might, Tom couldnt get out of the difficulties. C.引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句，“以方式、如同那樣” Eg: When in Rome, do as Romans do. Do as

10、 I do. D.引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句，“像一樣” Eg：The work is not so easy as you imagine.,E. 引導(dǎo)定語從句： suchas the same as asas as is known to us all, Eg: He wished to be such a man as Bill Gates is. F.表目的或結(jié)果. so as to Eg: He raised his voice so as to be heard.,像一樣的人/物；諸如,G. 作介詞用，“作為、如同、像”. Eg: As a writer, he was famous. Th

11、ey united as one man. H. 作副詞用，“同樣地、一樣地” eg：Our classroom is as large as theirs. I. as的固定詞組. as soon as/ as(so) long as/as to (for) as if (though) 方式狀語從句 It appears/looks/ seems as if表語從句,as many (much) as 多達(dá)/ as far as/ as a result/ as well as/ so as to 目的、結(jié)果 as good as 實(shí)際上等于、幾乎 As soon as you can (

12、possible) 2. till/ until/ not. until 1) until/till從句用于肯定句時(shí)，主句的動(dòng)詞 是延續(xù)性動(dòng)作，意為“某動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到某時(shí)間點(diǎn)才停止、到為止”. Eg: You may stay here until the rain stops.,2)用于否定句時(shí)，主句謂語動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意為“某動(dòng)作直到某時(shí)間才開始、直到開始”. Eg: He wont go to bed until her father returns 3)till不可以置于句首，而until可以 Eg: Until you told me I had no idea of it. 4

13、)notuntil的強(qiáng)調(diào)句和倒裝句. Eg: It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it. Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.,3.since 1).since 引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞常用一般過去時(shí)且從句謂語動(dòng)詞往往是瞬間動(dòng)詞(若從句謂語動(dòng)詞是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則從句表從該動(dòng)作結(jié)束/完成以來), 主句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或完成進(jìn)行時(shí). Eg: I have been teaching English since I left school. She has written home

14、 four times since she came to Britain. 2). It is/ has been + 段時(shí)間+ since eg: Its three years since the war broke out. Its three years since I smoked. (延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，意思是：我不吸煙已經(jīng)有3年了),4.before 1)“還沒來得及就、還未就、不到就 沒等就、才、趁” 此時(shí)從句謂語動(dòng)詞常用can/could + V原 Eg: Someone call me up in the middle of night, but he hung up befor

15、e I could answer it. He began to talk loudly again before I could say a word. We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land. Please write it down before you forget it. We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.,2) before引導(dǎo)狀語從句時(shí)的常見重點(diǎn)句型: It will be + 段時(shí)間 + before 從句 It wont be + 段時(shí)間 + befo

16、re 從句 It was + 段時(shí)間 + before 從句 It wasnt + 段時(shí)間 + before 從句 5.every time/ each time/ next time/ anytime/ the first (last) time/ by the time etc.名詞性短語可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,“每當(dāng);每次下次” Eg: Each time I was in trouble, he would come to help me out. Next time you come, do remember to bring you son here.,要過多久才,要不了多久就,過了多

17、久才,沒多久就,練練吧 1. (03北京春) Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when 2. (1998上海) I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the firs

18、t timeD. by the first time 3. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. beforeD. as,4. (01北京春)Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. although 5. It was not _

19、she took off her dark glasses _ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then 6. (04福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years_ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when,7. _ entered the office w

20、hen he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had heD. Hardly he had 8. (05北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because 9. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I

21、 could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after,10. (03上海) A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until 二.地點(diǎn)狀語從句. 引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語從句的從屬連詞有： wherever :無論在地方；無論哪里 no matter where where : 在地方in the place where/ in which Eg

22、：Where there is a will, there is a way. Make a mark where you have problems. I will find him wherever he may be. He follows her wherever she goes.,1. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when 2. - Dont look down upon Bob. He has hi

23、s own advantages. - Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. WhenC. Where D. Though 3. - The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. - I had told you it would easily break _it was the weakest A. when B. where C. unless D. since,三.原因狀語從句. 1.引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句常見的從屬連詞有： because/ as/ since now that/ i

24、n that seeing that/ considering that/ when since/ considering that 1). because 表直接的必然的原因，回答why 的提問 2).since 眾所周知的原因，“既然”，常放句首 3).as 客觀原因，“由于”,Eg：-Why didnt come yesterday? - Because my grandpa was ill. As it is raining heavily, we cant go climbing today. Since/Now that everyone is here. Lets begin o

25、ur meeting. 2.其它表原因的短語或單詞. 1). 并列連詞“for+句子”可表原因，for 引導(dǎo)的并列句對(duì)前面的句子起補(bǔ)充說明的作用. Eg: It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet.,2).because of/ as a result of/ due to/ owing to/ thanks to/ on account of +n./ pron./ doing +n. + 同位語從句 3.強(qiáng)調(diào)句中強(qiáng)調(diào)原因時(shí)用because. It is becausethat The reason why is that,1

26、.The day must be breaking, _ the birds have begun singing. A. because B. as C. for D. since,四.條件狀語從句. 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的從屬連詞有：if/ unless / as(so) long as/ in case (假使、萬一）/ on condition that/ provided (providing) that suppose (supposing) that/ given that/ as (so) far as Eg: Youll fail in the exam unless you s

27、tudy hard. As long as you dont lose heart, you will succeed. Suppose/Supposing that they refuse , who else can we turn to for help? In case there is a fire, what will you do first?,1、 It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. （05重慶卷） A. unless B. whenever C. althou

28、gh D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or 3. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story.（2010全國） A. or B. unless C. but D. whether,4、_ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. （04北京春季） A. Because B. As far as

29、 C. As long as D. Even if 5、I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. （05全國卷3） Ain case Bso that Cin order Das if,五. 目的狀語從句. 1.In order that/so that + 從句 謂語動(dòng)詞常用can/ could/ may /might + V原，“以便、為了” so that 一般只能放在主句之后. Eg : Ill speak slowly so that you can understand me

30、. In order that we might see the sunshine, we started for the peak early.,2. for fear that “ 生怕、以防萬一發(fā)生”（唯恐某事發(fā)生） in case that “假使、如果、萬一” + 從句（從句可以用虛擬語氣，即should do Eg: The boy hid himself behind the tree for fear that his father could see him. Take your umbrella in case that it should rain. 3. 其它表目的方式

31、： to do/ in order to/ so as to/ for +n.,六. 結(jié)果狀語從句 1.引導(dǎo)詞：so .that，such .that，so that 1) so +adj./ adv.+ that . so + adj.+ a/an+單可n.+ that so many/much/few/little(少)+n.+ that . 2) such (a/an + adj.) +n.+ that . such+ (adj.) +n. (u/pl.)+ that such + a lot of/ lots of + n. + that eg: He spoke so fast th

32、at I couldnt follow him. eg: It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming.,2. so或such置于句首時(shí)，主句常用倒裝。 Eg: It was such a lovely day / so lovely a day that we all went swimming. Such a lovely day was it that we all went swimming. 3.其它用來表結(jié)果的方式： too to enoughto soas to only to doing

33、 Eg:He got up so late to miss the early bus. He got up too late to catch the early bus.,達(dá)到某種程度以致于可以,那么以致于,七. 方式狀語從句 引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if/though 1.方式狀語從句常放在主句之后，其中as if/ though引導(dǎo)的方式狀語從句，若從句中所描述的內(nèi)容是不真實(shí)的或極少有可能發(fā)生或過于夸大時(shí)，從句常用虛擬語氣. 主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生 從句動(dòng)作先于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生 從句動(dòng)作后于主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生,did,had done,would/could/ might do,Eg: He look

34、s as if he were an artist. She speaks English so fluently as if she had studied English in America. He learns English so hard as if he would go to the USA. 2.as引導(dǎo)方式狀語從句, “按照、如同”. Eg: Do as you are told to ,or you will be fired.,八. 讓步狀語從句 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句的連詞：although, though, as, even if, even though, while,

35、 whether .or, whoever, whatever, however, no matter+疑問詞等。注意以下幾點(diǎn)： 1) although, though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，主句前不能用but,但可以加yet, still,nevertheless eg: Though it was raining hard, yet they didnt stop working. He is unhappy, though/ although he was a lot of money.,2). though 還可以用作副詞，“可是、然而” Eg: He said he would come

36、, he didnt, though. 3)as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時(shí)，句子必須倒裝，（即將從句中的表語、狀語或動(dòng)詞原形放在句首，若表語是單數(shù)可數(shù)n., 其前不能帶冠詞。 Eg：Though he is a child, he knows a lot.=Child as (though) he is, he knows a lot. Try as he might, he couldnt find a job. Much as I like it, I wouldnt buy it, for its too dear.,4)whether .or (not ) , “不管還是” eg: Wheth

37、er you come here or we go there, the topic of discussion will remain unchanged. 5) 疑問詞+everno matter +疑問詞, “不管無論”，其中，whoever/ whatever/ whichever 還可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句. Eg: Whatever you say, he wont believe you. You can take whatever you like.,6).despite/ in spite of/regardless of + n./doing 也可表讓步. Eg: Despite/

38、 In despite of wanting to see him again, she refused to reply to his letter.,1、 _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江蘇） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless 2、Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷） A. until B. ev

39、en if C. unless D. as though,3. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.（05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although 4.The old tower must be saved, _the cost. （05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 5. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like.

40、 A. no matter whichB. whichever C. no matter what D. whatever,九.比較狀語從句. 1.引導(dǎo)詞：than/ asas/ not so( as)as/ the + 比較級(jí) ,the + 比較級(jí) Eg: The weather turned out to be very good, which was more than we expected. 2.倍數(shù)的表達(dá)： A+ be+倍數(shù)+ adj.的比較級(jí)+than B A+ be+倍數(shù)+ as +adj.的原形+as B A+ be+倍數(shù)+ the +n. (size; weight； he

41、ight; width; length ) of B A + be + 倍數(shù) +what 從句,.使用狀語從句時(shí)需要注意的地方. 1.在時(shí)間、條件、讓步狀語從句中，從句謂語動(dòng)詞往往遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”的原則，即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)代替將來完成時(shí)。 Eg: We will not go climbing if it _(rain) tomorrow. They said they _ (inform) you as soon as they got there. Dont get off the bus until the bus _(stop),ra

42、ins,would inform,has stopped,2.although/ though 不能與but ; because 不能與so 同時(shí)使用. 3.狀語從句的結(jié)構(gòu)必須完整，即必須要有完整的主、謂、賓語，否則可能是定語從句. Eg: She is such a lovely girl as we all like. She is such a lovely girl that we all like her.,4.狀語從句與并列句的區(qū)別. 在主從復(fù)合句中，中間不能再使用并列連詞and; or; but; so; while; for etc. ,但可與副詞：yet; still; ne

43、vertheless 連用. Eg: Though he is in his thirties, _ he works as hard as a young man. A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet,5.狀語從句中的省略. 1). 在if 引導(dǎo)的虛擬條件句中，若謂語動(dòng)詞中含有were; had; should ，可將他們提到句首，省略if. Eg: Had you come here earlier, you would have seen Professor Wang. 2). 在狀語從句中，若主從句主語一致，且從句謂語動(dòng)詞中含有be, 則可將從句主語和be動(dòng)

44、詞同時(shí)省略，引導(dǎo)這類狀語從句的連詞有：,when; until; if; unless; once; though/although; as if/ though Eg: He wont come unless invited. The boy is walking up and down as if (he was ) in search of sth. 3).若主從句主語不一致，但當(dāng)從句的主語是it, 謂語部分有is/ was, 則從句中的主語和is/ was 可省略，此時(shí)，常構(gòu)成一些固定搭配. if any/ not/ so/ ever/ necessary/ possible/ imp

45、ortance/ true when/ where necessary,Practice 1、The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全國IV） A has done B is doing C does D had done 2、It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季） A. before B. since C. after D. when,3.So difficult _ it to live in an En

46、glish-speaking country that I determined to learn English. (01 上海) A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel 4.Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. (95 NMET) A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. di

47、dnt the villagers realize,5.While watching TV, _. A the doorbell rang B the doorbell rings C we heard the door bell ring D we heard the doorbell rings 6.Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet 7. Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for

48、 you. (NMET02) A. soB. andC. butD. yet,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練與鞏固,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 1,1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain. 2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son. 3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during,A,B,A,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 2,1. Child _ she

49、 is, she know a lot. 2. He did the experiment _ he was told. 3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. if D. though,B,B,B,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 3,1. He would have a look at the bookstores _ he went to town. 2. We decide to finish the work on time, _happens. 3. If we work wit

50、h a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. 4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however,A,C,D,B,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 4,1. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is. 2. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great i

51、t is. 3. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is. 4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. what B. how C. however D. whatever,B,C,D,A,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 5,1. It will be years _ we meet again. 2. It is ten years _ I came to this town. 3. It is te

52、n years ago _ I came to this town. A. when B. that C. before D. since,C,D,B,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 6,1.Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it. 2. You are free to go _ you like. A. there B. where C. wherever D. when,B,C,對(duì)比訓(xùn)練 7,1. The article is written in such easy English_ all of us can read it. 2. The article is

53、written in such easy English_ all of us can read. A. that B. which C. as D. so that,A,C,例1:My parents dont mind what job I do I am happy.（2009陜西） A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 例2:Shall we have our picnic tomorrow? it doesnt rain. （2009山東） A. Until B. While C. Once D. If 例3:

54、She had just finished her homework _ her mother asked her to practise playing the piano yesterday.(2009福建) A. when B. while C. after D. since,例4:Youd better not leave the medicine _kids can get at it.（2008山東） A.even if B.which C.where D.so that 例5:There were some chairs left over _everyone had sat d

55、own.(2008四川) A. when B. until C. that D. where,例6:Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.(2008山東) A.who B.which C.why D.when 例7:Tomorrow is Toms birthday.Have you got any idea the party is to be held?（2008陜西） A. what B.which C.that D.where,例8:The last time we had great

56、fun was _we were visiting the Water Park.(2008天津) A. Where B.how C. when D.why 例9:Dont promise anything you are one hundred percent sure.(2008浙江) A. whether B. after C. how D. unless,例10: well prepared you are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing.(2008上海) A. However B. Whatever C. No m

57、atter D. Although 例11：I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless,高考連接,1.（全國）I dont believe weve met before, _ I must say you do look familiar. A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless 2.（重慶）Coach, can I continue with the training? Sorry, you cant _ you havent

58、recovered from the knee injury. A. until B. before C. as D. unless 3.（湖南）_ I always felt I would pass the exam, I never thought I would get an A. A. While B. Once C. If D. Until,4.（湖南）_ hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A. However B. Whatever C. Wh