2016年高考英語(yǔ) 熱點(diǎn)題型和提分秘籍 專題08 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)(含解析)

1、專題08 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語(yǔ)態(tài)【高頻考點(diǎn)解讀】課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求中學(xué)生掌握常見的十種時(shí)態(tài)用法。近三年來(lái)各地試題考查最多的是一般過(guò)去時(shí)、過(guò)去完成時(shí)、過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。高考中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)命題，每年每份試卷中都有23個(gè)小題，每小題均設(shè)置明確的語(yǔ)境。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，命題人總是把易混淆或相近的時(shí)態(tài)放在一起，增加考題的難度。而被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的考點(diǎn)大都集中在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)，近三年來(lái)考查最多的時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，其次是一般過(guò)去時(shí)?！緹狳c(diǎn)題型】題型一 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)例1、“Life is like walking in the snow”， Granny used to say, “because every

2、 step_.” Ahas shownBis showing Cshows Dshowed 【易錯(cuò)剖析】本題考生誤選B項(xiàng)。忽略了這是一句生活哲理，需用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 【提分秘籍】 1一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) (1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作或永久性的狀態(tài)。 I called you last night，but nobody answered. Oh，I usually switch off my cellphone by 800 pm. 昨晚我給你打電話，但是沒人接電話。 噢，我通常在晚上8點(diǎn)關(guān)機(jī)。 (2)可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。 The sun rises in the east and set

3、s in the west. 太陽(yáng)從東方升起，從西方落下。 (3)在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句中常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 Will you help me to look for an important file I left in my office this morning immediately you arrive? 你一到辦公室時(shí)可以幫我找一下我今早丟在辦公室的一份重要文件嗎？ (4)表示按計(jì)劃、時(shí)刻表規(guī)定要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，但限于少數(shù)動(dòng)詞。如begin，come，leave，go，arrive，start，stop，return，open，close等。 The flight take

4、s off at 230 every Wednesday and Friday. 飛機(jī)每星期三、五 230起飛。 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示說(shuō)話時(shí)正在發(fā)生著的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表示現(xiàn)階段但不一定是發(fā)生在講話時(shí)的一個(gè)動(dòng)作；表近期特定的安排或計(jì)劃；go，come等表示起止動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞可用進(jìn)行時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí)。 Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much. 青少年們正在損害自己的健康,因?yàn)樗麄兺骐娔X游戲太多了。 (2)always，often，constantly，frequently，fore

5、ver等副詞和現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)連用，表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的某種感情，即“贊揚(yáng)”或“厭惡”等，可譯為“老是、總是”。 Tom is always coming late for meetings. 湯姆開會(huì)老是遲到。 【舉一反三】 Look at the pride on Toms face.He_ to have been praised by the manager just now. Aseemed Bseems Chad seemed Dis seeming 解析：選B。句意：看湯姆臉上驕傲的表情，他看起來(lái)好像剛受到經(jīng)理的表?yè)P(yáng)。本句陳述一個(gè)事實(shí)，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。 題型二 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)例2、Th

6、e president hopes that the people will be better off when he quits than when he _. Ahas started Bstarts Cstarted Dwill start 【易錯(cuò)剖析】考生容易根據(jù)when he quits而誤選B項(xiàng)。事實(shí)上when he quits中的quits是用了一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)來(lái)代替一般將來(lái)時(shí)，而他上任已經(jīng)是過(guò)去的事了。 【提分秘籍】 1現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 主要強(qiáng)調(diào)“過(guò)去”和“現(xiàn)在”的關(guān)系，須注意下面幾點(diǎn)： (1)指過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 (2)指過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。 (3)常用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的

7、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：in the past few years，by now，up to now，so far，already，yet，since，for five years，recently，lately，before，never，once，today，this week (month，year)，many times，just等。 2與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的對(duì)比 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)指過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果，屬于現(xiàn)在時(shí)的范疇。 而一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去的事情、動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常與表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)yesterday，last week，in 2003，three days a

8、go等連用(或上下文語(yǔ)境有暗示)。 Up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died.到現(xiàn)在為止，該項(xiàng)目救助了上千名孩子，不然他們就會(huì)死亡。 Excuse me.I didnt realize I was blocking your way. 對(duì)不起，我原來(lái)不知道擋你的路了。 The book has been translated into thirty languages since it came on the market in 1973. 自從這本書在1973年上市以

9、來(lái)已被翻譯成三十種語(yǔ)言。 【舉一反三】 I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers_before my eyes. Aswim Bswum Cswam Dhad swum 解析：選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：整個(gè)下午我都在做數(shù)學(xué)題，眾多數(shù)字在我眼前晃來(lái)晃去。本題中的誤導(dǎo)信息是had been working on，這是過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，部分考生會(huì)受其誤導(dǎo)選擇D項(xiàng)，但是這里應(yīng)用swam陳述過(guò)去的事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)選擇C項(xiàng)。 題型三 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí) 例3、The manager was worried abo

10、ut the press conference his assistant _ in his place but，luckily，everything was going on smoothly. Agave Bgives Cwas giving Dhad given 【解析】選C。根據(jù)后置語(yǔ)境everything was going on smoothly可知，空格處描述的是當(dāng)時(shí)的情景，所以要用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)理對(duì)于他的助手代替他舉行的新聞發(fā)布會(huì)感到焦慮，所幸的是，一切進(jìn)展順利。 【易錯(cuò)剖析】考生誤選A的較多。gave表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，這與后面everything was going

11、 on smoothly相矛盾，錯(cuò)誤原因是讀題時(shí)沒讀完整，忽略了后半句。 【提分秘籍】 1過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) (1)表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，常與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)this time last year，that time last night或由when，while，as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連用。 (2)表示某個(gè)短暫性動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景。 (3)與副詞always，constantly，continually，forever連用時(shí)表示贊美或討厭的感情色彩。 2與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的對(duì)比 一般過(guò)去時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去已經(jīng)結(jié)束的動(dòng)作，而過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行但不一定完成。 I was out of town

12、at the time，so I dont know exactly how it was happening. 那時(shí)我不在鎮(zhèn)上,因此我不知道那時(shí)候究竟發(fā)生了什么事情。 Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? No，I was doing my homework all day yesterday. 你讀完Jane Eyre這本書了嗎？ 沒有，昨天我一整天都在寫作業(yè)。 He worked in a factory in 1986. 1986年他在一家工廠做工。 【舉一反三】 Sorry！I didnt notice you entering the room

13、because I _ a phone call. Aanswered Bhad answered Cwas answering Dhas been answering 解析：選C。根據(jù)句意“很抱歉，我沒注意到你進(jìn)房間，因?yàn)槲以诖螂娫挕笨芍颂幮栌眠^(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。 題型四 過(guò)去完成時(shí)與一般過(guò)去時(shí)例4、Peter had intended to take a job in business，but _ that plan after the unpleasant experience in Canada in 2010. Ahad abandoned Babandoned Cabandon Dwil

14、l abandon 【易錯(cuò)剖析】本題考生容易誤選A。因?yàn)檫@是一個(gè)并列句,前后時(shí)態(tài)往往一致，其實(shí)動(dòng)作發(fā)生的時(shí)間是不一致的,放棄是發(fā)生在2010年，而take a job in business是在此之前的打算。 【提分秘籍】 過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)間或某動(dòng)作之前已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事情或存在的狀態(tài)，即：過(guò)去的過(guò)去。常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：by/by the time of/by the end of/before過(guò)去的時(shí)間。動(dòng)詞expect，hope，promise，think，want等的過(guò)去完成時(shí)可用來(lái)表示本來(lái)打算做而沒有做某事。而一般過(guò)去時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。 The moment sh

15、e came in，she told me what had happened to her. 她一進(jìn)來(lái)就告訴我她所發(fā)生的一切。 The train had left before we reached the station. 我們到車站時(shí)，火車已經(jīng)離開了。 【舉一反三】 She _for fifteen years，yet she didnt know what kind of person she _. Ahad married；married Bhad got married；married to Chad been married；had married Dmarried；had m

16、arried to 解析：選C。根據(jù)后文的yet she didnt know可知前半句“她已結(jié)婚15年”應(yīng)使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，而marry和get married都不能延續(xù)，不能跟表一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，所以選C。 題型五 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)例5、The manager _ the workers how to improve the program since 9 am. Ahas told Bis telling Chas been telling Dwill have told 【解析】選C?？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：經(jīng)理從上午9點(diǎn)開始就一直在告訴工人們?nèi)绾胃纳七@個(gè)項(xiàng)目。since引導(dǎo)的時(shí)

17、間狀語(yǔ)多與完成時(shí)連用,而且此句強(qiáng)調(diào)從上午九點(diǎn)開始到現(xiàn)在,經(jīng)理“一直”在說(shuō),符合現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。 【易錯(cuò)剖析】本題容易錯(cuò)選A。原因是沒看全選項(xiàng)，只看到句中有since 9 am.就覺得要選現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，沒有意識(shí)到本題句意強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。 【提分秘籍】現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或者過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果；而現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)也表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，但它強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作還在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。 I have just cleaned my clothes. 我剛洗過(guò)衣服。 I have been cleaning clothes for three ho

18、urs. 我已經(jīng)洗了三個(gè)小時(shí)的衣服了。 【舉一反三】 Isnt it hard to drive downtown to work? Yeah，thats why I _to work by train. Ahave gone Bhave been going Cwas going Dwill have gone 解析：選B。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性，意為“那就是我為什么一直坐火車的原因”。 題型六 一般將來(lái)時(shí)與將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)例6、I feel so excited! At this time tomorrow morning I _ to Shanghai. Awill be flying Bwill

19、fly Chave been flying Dhave flown 【易錯(cuò)剖析】考生容易誤選B，原因是只注意到了動(dòng)作發(fā)生在將來(lái)，沒有理解句子強(qiáng)調(diào)的是到明天早晨的此時(shí)我將正在做的事。 【提分秘籍】1一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí)的常用形式：be going to與will/shall，be to do，be about to do (1)be going to表示現(xiàn)在打算在最近或?qū)?lái)要做某事，這種打算往往經(jīng)過(guò)事先考慮，甚至已做了某種準(zhǔn)備；shall/will do表示未事先考慮過(guò)，即說(shuō)話時(shí)臨時(shí)作出的決定。此外，be going to還可表示有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事，而shall/will do不能。 Mar

20、y has been in hospital for a week. Really？I will go to see her this afternoon. 瑪麗已住院一周了。 真的？我下午去看她。 It seems as if its going to rain. 天好像要下雨。 (2)be to do sth.表按計(jì)劃、安排即將發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。 A meeting is to be held at 300 oclock this afternoon. 會(huì)議將在今天下午3點(diǎn)舉行。 (3)be about to do sth.表示“即可，就要”，后面不能接時(shí)間狀

21、語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句。 I was about to go out when it began to rain. 我剛要出門，就在這時(shí)天下起雨來(lái)了。 2將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)可用于表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)刻正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者將來(lái)某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)常與一些標(biāo)志性的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。這些常見的標(biāo)志性狀語(yǔ)有：at this time tomorrow/the day after tomorrow，from 130 to 430 tomorrow/the day after tomorrow。 He will be giving a lecture this time tomorrow. 明天此時(shí)他將正

22、在做報(bào)告。 【舉一反三】 Youd better not call my teacher between 900 and 1100 this morning，for he _ his lesson then. Awill prepare Bwill have prepared Cwill be preparing Dwould prepare 解析：選C。根據(jù)句意“你最好在今天早上9001100不要給我老師打電話，他那時(shí)將正在準(zhǔn)備他的課”可知此處需用將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)。 題型七 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)例7、Have you heard about that fire in the market? Yes, fort

23、unately no one _. Ahurt Bwas hurt Chas hurt Dhad been hurt 【易錯(cuò)剖析】本題容易誤選A。只考慮到了時(shí)態(tài)，沒有考慮到語(yǔ)態(tài)。 【提分秘籍】1常用于固定句式 It is hoped that.(希望);It is believed that.(據(jù)信)；Its supposed that.(據(jù)推測(cè))；Its thought that.(有人認(rèn)為)；Its said that.(據(jù)說(shuō)) Its supposed that he will be elected president. 據(jù)推測(cè)他將當(dāng)選總統(tǒng)。 2在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，感官動(dòng)詞后含有省略to的不定

24、式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，在改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，不定式符號(hào)to不能省略。 She is often heard to sing in her room. 經(jīng)常聽到她在房間里唱歌。3“get過(guò)去分詞”可看作系表結(jié)構(gòu)，如get changed換衣服；get washed洗臉；get lost迷路；get confused迷惑不解；get married結(jié)婚；get divorced離婚等。 More and more people are getting attacked in the underground these days. 近來(lái)，越來(lái)越多的人在地鐵里遭到襲擊。 4主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義 (1)系動(dòng)詞loo

25、k，feel，sound，smell，taste，seem，appear，go，prove，turn等形容詞/名詞。 Ice feels cold.冰摸上去涼。 His plan proved (to be) practical.他的計(jì)劃被證明符合實(shí)際。 (2)表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性的詞：read，write，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，look，shut等。 What about the books? Books of this kind sell well. 這些書怎么樣？ 這種書很暢銷。 【舉一反三】 What happened to that woman selli

26、ng newspapers? I dont know.She _ around here for a long time. Ahasnt seen Bdidnt see Chadnt been seen Dhasnt been seen 解析：選D?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)第一句中的時(shí)態(tài)可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是“到目前為止，好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒有見到她了”，而且see與she之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 【高考風(fēng)向標(biāo)】【2015北京】22.-Did you enjoy the party?-Yes,we_by our hosts.A.were treated B.would be tr

27、eated. C.treated D.had treated【答案】A 【解析】句意：你喜歡這個(gè)聚會(huì)嗎？是的，我們的主人很好的招待了我們。根據(jù)上一句中的did可知用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；且we和treated是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?？罩袘?yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選A。 2.【2015北京】26.in the last few years,China _ great achievements in environmental protection.A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making【答案】A【2015北京】30. Dr. Jackson is n

28、ot in his office at the moment.All right. I_ him later.A. will call B. have called C. call D will be calling【答案】A【解析】句意：Dr.Jackson現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。好的，我待會(huì)再打給他。由later可知，表示的是將來(lái)要執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作，用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選A?！?015重慶】1. Is Peter coming?No, he_ his mind after a phone call at the last minute.A. changesB. changed C. was changing

29、 D. had changed【答案】B 【解析】句意：彼得來(lái)了嗎？沒有，剛才接到一個(gè)電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute在最后一秒可能發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。 【2015重慶】13. In my hometown, there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat_ cut.A. will have been B. will be C. was D. has been【答案】D 【解析】句意：在我的家鄉(xiāng)，麥子豐收過(guò)后農(nóng)民會(huì)有一個(gè)慶祝晚餐?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，才會(huì)舉行慶?；?/p>

30、動(dòng)，故選D項(xiàng)。 【2015浙江】8. Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child, few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was【答案】C【2015天津】9. Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement_ so far by the two sides.A. has bee

31、n reached B. was reached C. will reachD. will have reached【答案】A【解析】句意：盡管之前多輪談判，但到目前為止雙方?jīng)]有達(dá)成任何協(xié)議。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)so far“到目前為止”可知用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)agreement與reach為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，根據(jù)句意可知選A。.【2015天津】6. Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she _ a class at that time. A. will teachB. would teach C. has ta

32、ught D. will be teaching【答案】D【解析】句意：簡(jiǎn)不能參加今天下午3點(diǎn)鐘的會(huì)議，因?yàn)樗莻€(gè)時(shí)候在一個(gè)班上課。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)at that time，指代at 3 oclock this afternoon，表示在將來(lái)的某一時(shí)刻正在做某事，故用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。故選D?！?015四川】4.More expressways in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being built B. will be built C. have been built D. had been built【答案】B【解析】本句

33、為時(shí)態(tài)題，根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)soon可知，考查了將來(lái)時(shí)，故選擇B。句意為：四川將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)氐慕?jīng)濟(jì)?！?015陜西】24. At college, Barack Obama didnt know that he the first black president of the United States of America.A. was to become B. becomes C. is to become D. became 【答案】A【解析】句意：在大學(xué)的時(shí)候，奧巴馬不知道他將成為美國(guó)第一個(gè)黑人總統(tǒng)。用過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的事情，所以選A。【2015陜西】22.

34、 Mary really hard on his book and thinks hell have finished it by Friday.A. worked B. has been working C. had worked D. has worked【答案】B【2015福建】26.To my delight, Ifrom hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.A. was chosenB. was being chosen C. would choose D. had chosen【答案】A【解析】根據(jù)句意：讓我高

35、興的是，我從成百上千的參加者中被選中參加開幕式?？梢灾肋@里應(yīng)該是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，又因?yàn)楸贿x中是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，這里只是對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的一般描述，故用一般過(guò)去式，故選A?！?015江蘇】30.The real reason why prices _ , and still are, too high is complex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.A. were B. will be C. have been D. had been【答案】A【解析】句意：過(guò)去和現(xiàn)在價(jià)格一直居高不下的真正原因很復(fù)

36、雜，簡(jiǎn)短的討論解釋這一問題無(wú)法讓人滿意。根據(jù)題干中“and still are”的提示可知過(guò)去價(jià)格也居高不下，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?015安徽】29.It is reported that a space station _ on the moon in years to come.A. will be building B. will be built C. has been building D. has been built【答案】B【解析】句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，人們?cè)诮酉聛?lái)的幾年里將在月球上建一個(gè)空間站。根據(jù)“in years to come”可知用將來(lái)時(shí)，space

37、station和build是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)該使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選B?！?015安徽】24.Just as I got to the school gate, I realised I _ my bank in the cafe.A. have leftB. had leftC would leaveD. was leaving【答案】B【2015湖南】28.He must have sensed that I _ him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly, Why are you staring at me like that?A. would

38、 look atB. looked atC. was looking at D. am looking at【答案】C【解析】過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，是表示過(guò)去某個(gè)具體時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的事情或動(dòng)作，如果沒有具體的時(shí)間，可以從意義上去把握。句意：他一定是注意到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問道：“你為什么要那樣盯著我看？”根據(jù)分析，此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時(shí)，又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，故選C【2015湖南】25.I wasnt able to hide my eagerness when I _, What do you wish me to do n

39、ow?A. askB. have asked C. am askingD. asked【答案】D【解析】一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。此題主句的時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，表示這個(gè)事情和動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故從句時(shí)態(tài)也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。句意：我不能隱藏我的渴望，當(dāng)我問道，“你現(xiàn)在希望我做些什么？”故選D【2015湖南】22.As you go through this book, you _ that each of the millions of people who lived through World War II had a different experien

40、ce.A. will findB. foundC. had foundD. have found【答案】A【2015湖南】32.I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy, but _ thankfully by the shop window.A. am held back B. held backChold back Dwas held back【答案】D 【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)主句中的had可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)；hold與主語(yǔ)構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故選D。句意：我極其渴望進(jìn)到商店去

41、玩那個(gè)玩具，但是幸虧被櫥窗擋住了。1(2014北京卷)Hi, lets go skating. Sorry, Im busy right now. I _(fill) in an application form for a new job. 【答案】am filling【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“嗨，我們?nèi)セ?。”“?duì)不起，我現(xiàn)在正忙著呢?！蔽艺谔钜环菪鹿ぷ鞯纳暾?qǐng)表。由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)right now可知，在說(shuō)話這一刻“填表”的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。2(2014天津卷)We wont start the work until all the preparations_(make

42、)【答案】have been made【解析】句意：在所有準(zhǔn)備工作就緒以后我們才開始工作。在時(shí)間、條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，可以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)。從句中的動(dòng)作make要先于主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作start之前發(fā)生，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表將來(lái)。3(2014安徽卷)The twins, who_(finish) their homework, were allowed to play badminton on the playground.【答案】had finished4(2014陜西卷)During his stay in Xian, Jerry tried almost all the local

43、 foods his friends _(recommend)【答案】had recommended【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在西安逗留期間，Jerry幾乎品嘗了他朋友推薦的當(dāng)?shù)厮械拿浴８鶕?jù)時(shí)間先后關(guān)系來(lái)看，應(yīng)該是朋友先推薦，然后Jerry才品嘗，tried為過(guò)去式，所以recommend這一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”，故用過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)。5(2014湖南卷)Since the time humankind started gardening, we _(try) to make our environment more beautiful.【答案】have been trying【解析】句

44、意：自從人類開創(chuàng)園藝工作以來(lái)，我們一直在努力使我們的環(huán)境更加美麗。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句“Since the time”可知，try這一動(dòng)作從過(guò)去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并且有可能繼續(xù)下去，故主句應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。6(2014江西卷)Tony, why are your eyes red?I _(cut) up peppers for the last five minutes.【答案】have been cutting【解析】句意：“Tony，你的眼睛為什么是紅的？”“剛剛五分鐘我一直在切辣椒?！本渲谐霈F(xiàn)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為“for the last five minutes”，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，到現(xiàn)在已持續(xù)

45、一段時(shí)間，而且對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成了影響。因此，現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)符合語(yǔ)境。7(2014福建卷)Havent seen you for ages! Where have you been?I went to Ningxia and_(stay) there for one year, teaching as a volunteer. 【答案】stayed【解析】本題考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“好長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒見你了！你去哪里了？”“我去了寧夏，在那里待了一年，作為一名志愿者教學(xué)?！备鶕?jù)句中的關(guān)鍵詞went可知stay這一動(dòng)作也發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞如stay，study，live等的一般過(guò)去時(shí)可與介詞“fo

46、r一段時(shí)間”連用。8(2014四川卷)She _(phone) someone, so I nodded to her and went away.【答案】was phoning9(2014重慶卷)Youd better write down her phone number before you _(forget) it.【答案】forget【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：趁著還沒有忘記，你最好把她的電話號(hào)碼寫下來(lái)。before本意是“在之前”，在句中引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，根據(jù)具體的語(yǔ)境在句中可譯為“趁著，以免”，從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知forget為將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，故此處用

47、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來(lái)。10(2014江蘇卷)How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?Well, the media_(cover) it in a variety of forms.【答案】have covered【解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：“你對(duì)即將在南京舉行的青奧會(huì)了解多少？”“嗯，媒體已經(jīng)以各種各樣的形式對(duì)它進(jìn)行了報(bào)道?！眴栐捜嗽儐枌?duì)方了解多少關(guān)于青奧會(huì)的事情，說(shuō)明關(guān)于青奧會(huì)的很多信息已經(jīng)被對(duì)方知道了。而回答者并沒有正面回答，而是說(shuō)媒體已經(jīng)報(bào)道過(guò)很多了，意思是外界都知道青奧會(huì)的信息

48、，他就不用回答具體信息了。這里應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，表示到目前為止媒體已經(jīng)報(bào)道了很多。11(2013福建，26)The girl has a great interest in sport and _ badminton classes twice a week over the last three years.Atook Bis takingCtakes Dhas been taking【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中標(biāo)志詞over the last three years可知答案為D。12(2013北京，28)Hurry up! Mark and Carl _ us.Aexpect

49、Bare expectingChave expected Dwill expect【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)Hurry up！可知，Mark和Carl正在等我們。故選B，現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。13(2013北京，32)So what is the procedure?All the applicants _ before a final decision is made by the authority.Ainterview Bare interviewingCare interviewed Dare being interviewed【答案】C【解析】考查動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)和時(shí)態(tài)。句中applic

50、ants與interview之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；且句子所描述的為一般情況，故用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。14(2013湖南，22)“What do you want to be？”asked Mrs.Crawford.“Oh, I_president，”said the boy, with a smile.Ahave been Bam Cwas Dwill be【答案】D【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)問句：你想當(dāng)什么？可知時(shí)態(tài)為一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)，故答案選D。15(2013湖南，26)If nothing_，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.

51、Adoes Bhad been doneCwill do Dis done【答案】D16(2013湖南，34)I dont understand why you didnt go to the lecture yesterday afternoon.Im so sorry.But I_my homework.Ahad done Bwas doing Cwould do Dam doing【答案】B【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境，對(duì)話中的第二個(gè)人昨天下午沒去聽課，而是在做作業(yè)，故使用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)在持續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，故選B。17(2013江蘇，21)Generally，stude

52、nts inner motivation with high expectations from others_essential to their development.Ais Bare Cwas Dwere【答案】A【解析】考查主謂一致和動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為motivation，故謂語(yǔ)為單數(shù)；根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及generally可知，描述的為一般情況，故使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，選A。18(2013江蘇，25)Could I use your car tomorrow morning?Sure.I_a report at home.Awill be writing Bwill have writtenChave written Dhave been writing【答案】A【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。此處考查將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，表示將來(lái)的某一時(shí)間段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。句意：明天早上我可以用下你的車嗎？當(dāng)然。我那時(shí)將會(huì)在家寫報(bào)告。答案選A。19(2013山東，27)Oh no! Were too late.The train_. Thats OK.Well catch the next tra