高考考點(diǎn)分析3.ppt

1、高考單項(xiàng)填空考點(diǎn)分析,包河中學(xué) 王光海,2013年英語(yǔ)考試說(shuō)明語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目表,2007年2012年6年高考題考點(diǎn)追蹤,總結(jié)：,1、英語(yǔ)考試說(shuō)明語(yǔ)法項(xiàng)目考察主要體現(xiàn)在單項(xiàng)選擇題上，盡管試題覆蓋面廣，但由于題量有限不可能每個(gè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)都能考到。連詞和從句、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是高頻考點(diǎn)，代詞、介詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）是中頻考點(diǎn)，冠詞、虛擬語(yǔ)氣、倒裝句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句、省略句（08年25題情景對(duì)話(huà)也是）和主謂一致是低頻考點(diǎn)，簡(jiǎn)單句、句子成分、句子種類(lèi)、構(gòu)詞法、間接引語(yǔ)、形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)從未單獨(dú)出題考。 2、后期復(fù)習(xí)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況分配時(shí)間和精力，但高頻考點(diǎn)必須再過(guò)一遍，保持語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的識(shí)記和易

2、混規(guī)則的區(qū)別。保持一定量的的專(zhuān)題訓(xùn)練，最好是高考真題。 3、同位語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句考試說(shuō)明中未列入，不考。,總結(jié)：,4、對(duì)考綱詞匯的識(shí)記和掌握仍然是十分重要的，是一切題型的基礎(chǔ)。即使是單項(xiàng)選擇，也延續(xù)了在語(yǔ)境中考察知識(shí)點(diǎn)的傳統(tǒng)，體現(xiàn)了“知識(shí)化”、“語(yǔ)境化”和“交際化”的特點(diǎn)，題目強(qiáng)調(diào)在語(yǔ)境中理解，選項(xiàng)之間本身詞義差別明顯，所以干擾項(xiàng)的干擾強(qiáng)度不大，只要考生真正理解了題干的意思就可以將正確選項(xiàng)得出，如情景對(duì)話(huà)12、詞義辨析14、固定短語(yǔ)/結(jié)構(gòu)12共37題占總題量40%。 5、對(duì)名詞、形容詞、副詞和動(dòng)詞（除情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）的考察，選項(xiàng)之間幾乎不涉及語(yǔ)法區(qū)別，且意思區(qū)別明顯，考察側(cè)重于對(duì)語(yǔ)境的理解，詞義貼切即

3、可。像下面的同義詞辨析極少出現(xiàn)。,In my opinion, the _ feeling is that you have made a serious mistake. A. general B. common C. ordinary D. normal 再如一般不會(huì)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)這樣的選項(xiàng)： A.journey B.trip C.travel D.voyage A.always B.usually C.often,A,語(yǔ)義貼切/詞義辨析,2012年 23. Interest is as to learning as the ability to understand , even more s

4、o. A. vital B. available C. specific D. similar 2012年 34.Queen Elizabeth is often to be richest woman in the world. , her personal wealth seems rather small. Besides B. Otherwise C. However D. Altogether 2011年 21. As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. h

5、appens C. ends D. develops,A,C,D,語(yǔ)義貼切/詞義辨析,24.To be great, you must be smart, confident, and_, honest. A. therefore B. above all C. however D. after 31. _, I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. A. Hopefully B. Normally C. Thankfully D. Conveniently 34. If you _fault

6、s but you still want the bicycle, ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A. come acrossB. care about C. look forD. focus upon,B,C,A,2010年： 23. - How did you like Nicks performance last night ? - To be honest, his singing didnt _to me much? A. appeal B. belong C. refer D. occur 25.I havent seen

7、Sara since she was a little girl , and she has changed beyond _. A.hearing B. strength C. recognition D. measure 31. _, she is the sort of woman to spread sunshine to people through her smile. A. Shy and cautious B. Sensitive and thoughtful C. Honest and confident D. Lighthearted and optimistic,答案A。

8、appeal to sb.對(duì)有吸引力；引起注意,答案C。beyond recognition ，out of all recognition意“無(wú)法認(rèn)出”,答案D。,語(yǔ)義貼切/詞義辨析,此類(lèi)主要考察學(xué)生對(duì)詞匯的掌握，不涉及語(yǔ)法知識(shí)，選項(xiàng)之間意思區(qū)別明顯，涉及的單詞或詞組都是常用的，考生只要理解句意就能選擇合適的選項(xiàng)。相對(duì)與同義或同形的詞匯之間辨析容易的多。,2009年 24. - Do you think its a good idea to make friends with your students? - , I do. I think its a great idea. A. Real

9、ly B. Obviously C. Actually D. Generally 25. Just as Professor Scotti often _it, success is ninety-nine percent mental attitude. A. gets B. makes C. puts D. means 31China has got a good _ for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization Areputation BInfluence Cimpression Dknowle

10、dge,答案C. A. Really 真正地Obviously明顯地Actually 事實(shí)上 Generally總的說(shuō)來(lái),答案C.正如Scotti教授經(jīng)常說(shuō)的，成功百分之九十九靠的是心態(tài)。put it 常用語(yǔ)意思“表達(dá)”。,答案A,2008年 24. To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten, the students in our school started a discussion “Save Our _” A. Sky B. Life C. Arts D. Voices 2007年 32. The pra

11、ctice of hanging clothes across the street is a common _ in many parts of the city. A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance,答案D。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)填入該空中，分別可以譯作“拯救天空”、“拯救生命”、“拯救藝術(shù)”、“拯救（瀕臨消失的）語(yǔ)言”（Preserving endangered languages）。根據(jù)上文，討論的話(huà)題應(yīng)該是“拯救（瀕臨消失的）語(yǔ)言”。,C,27.- Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening? - Excellent! Al

12、es and Andy performed _ and they won the firs prize. A. skillfully B. commonly C. willingly D. nervously,答案A。四個(gè)副詞的意思分別是skillfully嫻熟的, 技術(shù)好地；commonly 一般,普通,通常；willingly自動(dòng)地,欣然地；nervously 焦急地。上文問(wèn)音樂(lè)晚會(huì)怎么樣？回答是非常好，自然Ales和Andy是嫻熟地（skillfully）表演并獲得第一名。 。,28. - Are you happy with your new computer? - No, it is

13、 _ me a lot of trouble. A. showing B. leaving C. giving D. sparing,答案C。名詞trouble可以跟很多動(dòng)詞搭配，表示不同的含義，如：borrow trouble自找麻煩；cause trouble引起麻煩；make trouble制造麻煩；選項(xiàng)C. give sb troulbe意思是“給某人添麻煩”，選項(xiàng)D.spare sb further trouble不再麻煩某人。從題意看，我對(duì)新電腦并不滿(mǎn)意，它給我添了很多麻煩。 【解題思路】trouble是一個(gè)搭配很靈活的名詞，準(zhǔn)備記憶每一個(gè)搭配的意思，是掌握trouble用法的關(guān)鍵

14、。,連詞和從句,并列復(fù)合句: 22. I wonder how much you charge for your services. - The first two are free_ the third costs $30. 2009年 A. while B. until C. when D. before 另見(jiàn)2007年第34題 主語(yǔ)從句: 2012年 27.The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _ reaches these limits will depend

15、on his environment. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 賓語(yǔ)從句: 2011年33.His writing is so confusing that its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. thatB. howC. whoD. what 2009年27A good friend of mine from_ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing Ahow Bwhom Cwh

16、en Dwhich,A,B,D,C,2007年 33. You can only be sure of _ you have at present; you cannot be sure of something _ you might get in the future. A. that; what B. what; / C. which; that D. /; that 定語(yǔ)從句: 2012年 29. lot of language learning,_ has been discovered, is happening in the first year of life, so pare

17、nts should talk much to their children during that period. A. as B. it C. which D. this,B,A,C,2011年 28. Whatever is left over may be put into the refrigerator , _ it will keep for two or three weeks. A. when B. which C. where D. while 2008年26. All the neighbors admire this family, _the parents are t

18、reating their child like a friend. A. why B. where C. which D. that,C,B,2009年 30Many children， parents are away working in big cities，are taken good care of in the village Atheir Bwhose Cof them Dwith whom 2007年 34. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _ wanted to buy it. A. none of

19、 them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whom 狀語(yǔ)從句: 2010年 29. The engineer are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, they have the interest. A. wherever B. whenever C. even if D. as if,B,D,C,2010年 33. Just use this room for the time being, and well offer you a la

20、rger one _it becomes available. A. as soon as B. unless C. as far as D. until 2007年21. The field research will take Joan and Paul about five months; it will be a long time _ we meet them again. A. after B. before C. since D. when,B,A,2008年 31. - Do you have a minute? Ive got something to tell you. -

21、 Ok, _ you make it short. A. now that B. if only C. so long as D. every time,答案C。本題考查引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。四個(gè)連接詞的詞義分別是now that既然；if only要是多好；so long as 只要；every time每次，每當(dāng)。題意為“你有一會(huì)空嗎？我有點(diǎn)事告訴你。可以，只要簡(jiǎn)而言之。”,if only“如果。就好了”引導(dǎo)的從句常用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣，表示一種愿望。 If only they were here now, we would be able to celebrate their wedding a

22、nniversary.如果他們現(xiàn)在在這里，我們就能慶祝他們的結(jié)婚紀(jì)念日了。 If only she could have lived a little longer. 要是她能活得再長(zhǎng)一些那該多好啊。 only if=as long as，表示“只要”，引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句。You can succeed only if you work hard.=You can succeed as long as you work hard. 總結(jié)：1、概念上要理解句子的分類(lèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和特征，能區(qū)分簡(jiǎn)單句、并列復(fù)合句和主從復(fù)合句，識(shí)記并列復(fù)合句和主從復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞。如07年34題。,1. Give me on

23、e more minute _ Ill be able to finish it. A. andB. orC. ifD. so 1. Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A. and B. yet C. so D. but 3. Follow your doctor s advice,_ your cough will get worse. A.or B. and C. then D. so 1. He found it increasingly difficult to read,_ his eyesight was

24、beginning to fail. but A. though B. for C. but Dso,A,D,A,B,2、定語(yǔ)從句是從句中的重點(diǎn)，雖然規(guī)則繁多，最為復(fù)雜的，但熟練后也易于拿分。思路為“確定定語(yǔ)從句部分確定所缺成分甄別選項(xiàng)根據(jù)規(guī)則確定答案”。安徽近幾年都是考非限定性定語(yǔ)從句，解題直接進(jìn)入第二步驟。 3、名詞性從句尤其要關(guān)注引導(dǎo)詞that和what的區(qū)別。 4、狀語(yǔ)從句考察頻率也高，但由于選項(xiàng)本身詞義區(qū)別明顯，不像定語(yǔ)從句有繁雜的規(guī)則，一般帶入句子翻譯就能看出哪個(gè)符合語(yǔ)境。狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞較多，必須識(shí)記。 5、關(guān)注一詞多意的引導(dǎo)詞，如while、as等。 _ the Internet

25、 is of great help, I don t think it s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A. if B.While C. Because D. As,B,6、注意相似結(jié)構(gòu)。 It will be/was+時(shí)問(wèn)段+before+句于,表示“要過(guò)才會(huì)發(fā)生某事”或“過(guò)了發(fā)生了某事”例如：It will be years before we find a cure for cancer It is/has been+ since+句子，表示“自從以來(lái)，時(shí)間過(guò)了”例如 Its three years since I last saw

26、 her. 如2007年21題。,非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,總結(jié)： 1、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的用法是高考的必考考點(diǎn)，雖然也是難點(diǎn)，但如果準(zhǔn)確掌握不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞的不同含義后，就變成易于拿分點(diǎn)。 2、要理解非動(dòng)的基本含義之主被動(dòng)關(guān)系。思路：確定成份找邏輯主語(yǔ)確定關(guān)系 3、要理解非動(dòng)的基本含義之時(shí)間關(guān)系。思路：過(guò)去分詞表完成，現(xiàn)在分詞表正在進(jìn)行或伴隨（常逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)），不定式表后發(fā)生或目的。,2010年（全國(guó)I 27) . Mrs. White showed her student some old maps _from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C.

27、borrowed D. borrowing 2010年(全國(guó)I 34). With Fathers Day around the corner, I have taken some money out of the bank_ presents for my dad. A. buy B. to buy C. buying D. to have bought 2010年（福建卷25）.Lots of rescue workers were working around the clock , _ supplies to Yushu, Oinghai Province after the eart

28、hquake. A. sending B. to send C. having sent D. to have sent,C,B,A,2010年(江蘇卷28). The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake in Yushu, _ the students to return to their classrooms. A. enabling B. having enabled C. to enable D. to have enabled 4、記憶非動(dòng)的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)，理解重

29、合點(diǎn)區(qū)別。如過(guò)去分詞表被動(dòng)與動(dòng)詞不定式被動(dòng)式和現(xiàn)在分詞被動(dòng)式區(qū)別。 5、記憶和理解非動(dòng)的特殊用法，如使役動(dòng)詞方面、某些動(dòng)詞接賓語(yǔ)只能用不定式或現(xiàn)在分詞或兩者皆可等情況。,c,再如“be+形容詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。 The clothes is easy to wash. The water is fit to drink. 請(qǐng)比較 The text is hard to understand. We find the text hard to understand. We find the text is hard to understand.,2012年 24. I remembered the

30、 door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights. A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked 2007年 30. - Robert is indeed a wise man. - Oh, yes. How often I have regretted _ his advice! A. to take B. taking C. not to take D. not taking 2012年 30. When for his views abou

31、t his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. A. asking B. asked C. having asked D. to be asked,C,D,B,2009年 28The play next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture Aproduced Bbeing produced Cto be produced Dhaving been produced 2007年 35. - Did Peter fix the compu

32、ter himself? - He _, because he doesnt know much about computers. A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it 2010年 30. He had wonderful childhood, _with his mother to all corners of the word A. travel B. to travel C. traveled D. traveling,C,C,D,2008年 30._ in the fields on a March af

33、ternoon, he could feel the warmth of spring. A. To walk. B. Walking C. Walked D. Having walked 2011年30.Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier _ into small pieces. A. break B. breaking C. broken D. to break,D,答案B。Walking在這里是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)用狀語(yǔ)，表示時(shí)間，相當(dāng)于While he was walking in the fie

34、lds on a March afternoon。選項(xiàng)A.To walk不定式放在句首一般作目的狀語(yǔ)；選項(xiàng)C. Walked表示被動(dòng)，此處句子主語(yǔ)he與動(dòng)詞walk之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系；選項(xiàng)D. Having walked是現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式作狀語(yǔ)，表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（feel the warmth of spring）之前，顯然不合題意。,時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài),總結(jié)： 1、動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)是歷年高考考點(diǎn)的重中之重，必須熟練掌握各種時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)基本結(jié)構(gòu)，最好能達(dá)到默寫(xiě)程度，時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)混合的是記憶難點(diǎn)。 2、熟悉時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞。有些題干中直接給出標(biāo)志性時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，考生能依據(jù)所結(jié)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作出選擇 2012年26. I

35、n order to find the missing child, villagers all they can over the past five hours. A. did B. do C. had done D. have been doing,D,2010年 34.-weve spent too much money recently. -Well, it isnt surprising. Our friends and relatives _ around all the time. A. are coming B. had come C. were coming D. have

36、 been coming 2012年33. Walmart, which is one of the largest American supermarket chains, some of its store open 24 hours on Mondays through Saturdays. A. keeps B. keep C. have kept D. had kept,D,A,26. What do you think of store shopping in the future? Personally, I think it will exist along with home

37、 shopping but _. A. will never replace B. would never replace C. will never be replaced D. would never be replaced 26.Bob would have helped us yesterday ,but he _. A. was busy B. is busy C. had been busy D. will be busy 23. Daniels family their holiday in Huangshan this time next week. A. are enjoyi

38、ng B. are to enjoy C. will enjoy D. will be enjoying,A,D,C,動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)一般部有其相應(yīng)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)同學(xué)們熟記: (1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：often. always. usually. seldom. every day ,on Sundays等。 (2)一艘過(guò)去時(shí)：then. yesterday. last week. after that. ago. in the following/next few months等。 (3)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí):now. right now. at present. at this moment. these da

39、ys等。 (4)過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：then. at that time. at this time yesterday等。 (5)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí): recently. lately. up to/till now. so far. in the past/last few/months/years-，for+一段時(shí)間，since+點(diǎn)時(shí)間等。 (6)過(guò)去完成時(shí)：before. by the end of last month/years-等。 (7)一般將來(lái)時(shí)：tomorrow. today. next week/month. in an hour. in the coming/following few

40、 weeks等。 (8)過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)：the following month. the next week等。,3、明確時(shí)間的陷阱要注意.有時(shí)題干給出時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有著較強(qiáng)的干擾性，不能直接根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)作出選擇，需要結(jié)合語(yǔ)境判斷 22. -Did you watch the basketball match yesterday? -Yes, I did. You know, my brother _ in the match. A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played -Did you see a man in black pass by just now? -No, sir. I _ a newspaper. A. read B. was reading C. would read D. am reading,答案B。根據(jù)題意，該空表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間（yesterday）內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，意思是昨天我弟弟在正在參加比賽，因此，應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)。,本題答案為B，同樣表示在過(guò)去某段時(shí)間里正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，,4、前后時(shí)態(tài)須呼應(yīng)。如果所給題干是主從復(fù)合句，可根據(jù)主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)的原則選出正確的時(shí)態(tài)。 (1)在時(shí)間、條件等狀語(yǔ)從句中，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示一班將來(lái)時(shí)，一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示