高一英語人教新課標(biāo)必修3UNIT4導(dǎo)學(xué)案答案

1、Unit4 Astronomy: the science of the stars單 元 學(xué) 習(xí) 目 標(biāo) 導(dǎo) 航類別新課標(biāo)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目話題1.Talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel and gravity 2.Practise giving instructions and talking abut problems in study or life詞語單詞astronomy, atmosphere, system, violent, solid, explode, carbo

2、n, dioxide, oxygen, surface, planet, harmful, development, spread, method, depend, exist, presence, telescope, disappoint, disappointed, publish, publishing, gravity, force, gradually, cheer, float, mass詞組solar system, in time, preventfrom, depend on, cheer up, now that, get the hang of, break out,

3、give birth to, watch out, block out, carbon dioxide功 能1. Talk about the science of the stars, the development of life and space travel and gravity Where do we come from? How did the universe begin? How will it end? Why is the universe the way it was? How much do you know about universe?Do you know s

4、omething about gravity/about black holes?2. Giving instructions Please look at/ listen to Please check that You need Please pay attention to Dont forget to Youd better Make sure you Watch out for You mustnt3. Talking about problems in study or lifeMy problem /trouble is The difficulty/question is My

5、 advice/suggestion is What I think about it is The fact is 語法主語從句 What it was to become was a mystery until the dust began to slowly combine into a ball moving around the sun. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down, water began to appear on its surface.班級(jí)_ 姓名_小組_第一課時(shí) warming up

6、 & pre-reading 自主學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)案學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：1. 語言目標(biāo) Language aims: 2. 能力目標(biāo) Ability aims:1) 進(jìn)一步熟悉掌握一些閱讀技巧，比如快速尋找文章細(xì)節(jié)信息(scanning)、歸納和總結(jié)（summarizing）。2) 讓學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)表達(dá)自己的思想。3) 情感目標(biāo) Emotional aims: 讓學(xué)生弄清楚什么是科學(xué)思想，什么是宗教信仰或文化傳統(tǒng)。在探討生命的起源的科學(xué)道理之前，交流一下有關(guān)宇宙的起源的種種傳說,調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的相關(guān)知識(shí)，激活學(xué)生的思維。重點(diǎn) key points:Talk about the beginning of life on the

7、 earth.b. Discuss the order of development of life難點(diǎn) important points: Understand the beginning of life on the earth. Step I some questions in warming up 1. How much do you know about the universe?What are they?_2. Who is the first man landing on the moon?_Step II pre-reading Task one: Fill in the b

8、lanks after listening1) According to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “_” that threw matter in all directions.2) It was not immediately obvious that _ was to be fundamental to the development of _.3) They are putting too much CO2 into the atmosphere, which prevent _ from escaping

9、from the earth.Task two: careful reading and write down the main idea. paragraph 1: _.paragraph 2: The formation of _.paragraph 3: The importance of _.paragraph 4: _of plants and animals on the earth. paragraph 5: _ of humans and their impact on the earth.Task three : Put the order of development of

10、 life into a timeline.1 Insects and amphibians appeared 2 Dinosaurs appeared 3 The earth became a solid ball 4 Small plants greaw on the water 5 Reptiles appeared 6 Plants began to grow on dry land. 7 The earth was a cloud of dust. 8 Water appeared on the earth 9 Shellfish and other fish appeared. 1

11、0 The universe began with a “Big Bang”11 Clever animals with hands and feet appeared. 12 Mammals appeared.Answers: _Task Four: summaryAfter the “Big Bang”, the earth was just a cloud of dust. It _ loudly with fire and rock, which were _ _to produce the water vapour, _ and other gases. Then small pla

12、nts grew . They _and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen. Many millions of years later the first green plants began to _on land. When the plants grew into forests,_ appeared for the first time. They produced young generally by _eggs. When dinosaurs disappeared, _ became more important. Now small

13、clever animals with _appeared and _all over the world. As time _ they covered the earth and they are putting too much carbon dioxide into the _, which _heat _ _ from the earth into space. Whether life will continue on earth for millions of years to come will _whether this problem can be solved.Langu

14、age points :1. However , according to a widely accepted theory, the universe began with a “ Big Bang” that threw matter in all directions.in all directions = in every direction 向四面八方He walked _ the village. 他向村莊方向走去。2After that,atoms began to form and combine to create stars and other bodies 然后，原子開始

15、形成并結(jié)合成行星、恒星和其它固體的天體。 combine 1）V(使)結(jié)合；(使)合并 （A級(jí)） We consider it necessary to combine theory with practice 我們認(rèn)為理論聯(lián)系實(shí)際是必要的。 2) V聯(lián)合；混合(unite；mix) The two small shops combined to make a large one 這兩個(gè)小店合并成為一個(gè)大商店。 相關(guān)鏈接 （B級(jí)） combine 與 join 的區(qū)別 combine指抽象意義的結(jié)合，并成為不可分割的一個(gè)整體。 join指具體的把兩者或兩者以上的東西結(jié)合在一起或者使某人成為某團(tuán)

16、體的一員。Youd better combine theory with practice 你最好將實(shí)踐與理論結(jié)合起來。The new highway has joined our village to the new city. 新的高速路把我們村子與現(xiàn)代化大城市連接起來。 鞏固提高 1) The two countries_ against their common enemy.A connected B. united Ccombined Dwere combined 2)If your knowledge can be in some way _ with my experiences

17、 , we are sure to succeed.A joined B united C connected D combined 隨堂小測一 單詞拼寫 1. With the _ （發(fā)展）of economy, peoples living standards are higher now.2. No one knows_ ( 確切的) how the earth began, as it happened so long ago.3.After school, the students run in every _ ( 方向)4. We should _ (把.與結(jié)合) work wit

18、h pleasure.5. In our solar _（系）eight plants circle around the sun.6. Each _(宗教)and culture has its own ideas about how life began on earth.7. _（根據(jù)）to the report, the young should care more about the old.二. 翻譯下面短語 1 太陽系 2及時(shí)，總有一天 3 四面八方 4 一團(tuán)塵埃 5 根據(jù) 6 生命的起源班級(jí)_ 姓名_小組_第二課時(shí) reading 自主學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)案要點(diǎn)探究1. What it wa

19、s to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago隨后它會(huì)變成什么沒人能知道，直到38億至45億年前， “be to+動(dòng)詞原形”的用法歸納： （A級(jí)）(1)表示按_要做的事。 When are you to leave for home? 你什么時(shí)候回家? （B級(jí)）(2)表示_的事 He was to become a pianist after so many years of hard work這么多年的訓(xùn)練之后他注定會(huì)成為一個(gè)鋼琴家。（C級(jí)） (3)表示“_”，相當(dāng)于should/ought to.

20、You are to report to the police你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。 (4)表示“_”，相當(dāng)于must，have to. You are to do your homework before you watch TV 看電視之前你得先做完作業(yè)。 跟蹤演練：In a room above the store, where a party _, some workers were busily setting the table. A.was to be held B.has been held C.will be held D.is being he 2The earth became s

21、o violent that it was not clear whether the shape would last or not 地球(開始)變得激烈動(dòng)蕩，不知道這個(gè)固體形狀是否會(huì)繼續(xù)存在下去。 1) violent adj猛烈的；激烈的；強(qiáng)暴的 The boat sank in a _ storm at sea 船在海上強(qiáng)烈的風(fēng)暴中沉沒。Not a few _ scenes were cut from the film before it came to show這部影片在放映前剪去了不少暴力鏡頭。相關(guān)鏈接 （B級(jí)） n. violence， adv. violently (C級(jí)) d

22、o violence to對(duì)行兇；傷害 take by violence 強(qiáng)奪鞏固提高 1) The villagers were often in _ dashes with each other in those years before the agreement was reached2）The _ of the snowstorm caused much damage.3) Your words did violence to the truth.（翻譯）_2) whether在本句中引導(dǎo)主語從句，該句還可變?yōu)椋篧hether the shape would last or not

23、was not clear.此結(jié)構(gòu)還可用于其他的名詞性從句（賓語從句、表語從句、同位語從句）或狀語從句中。Tell me whether or not you are interested. = Tell me whether you are interested or not. 告訴我你有沒有興趣。Whether or not it rains(=_), were playing football on Saturday. 無論下不下雨，我們星期六一定踢足球。跟蹤演練All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, have been tr

24、ying their best to help those in need since the disaster. A even if B whether C no matter D however 3It exploded loudly with fire and rockThey were in time to produce carbon，nitrogen，water vapour and other gases，which were to make the earth atmosphere從而形成了地球的大氣層。它(地球)猛烈的爆炸噴出了烈火與巖石，最終產(chǎn)生了碳、氮?dú)?、水蒸汽和其它多種

25、氣體, 1) explode v爆炸，炸開；(感情)迸發(fā)；(人口)突然或迅速增加，名詞為explosion At last his anger exploded 他終于大發(fā)雷霆了。 There will be no standing room on the earth because of the exploding world population 由于激增的世界人口，地球上將無立足之地。鞏固提高 (1)The volcano(火山)_suddenly. Aexploded Bburst Cerupted Dexploding (2)Hearing his son hurt badly by

26、 a stranger，the man _ with anger Aexplored Bexposed Cexploded Dexplained (3)With the_of population，more schools will be set up in our cityAexplosion B. expression Cexplanation Dexploration2) in time遲早，最后；及時(shí) 1)You11 learn how to do it in time你早晚能學(xué)會(huì)做這件事的。 2)Will I be in time for the train? 我趕得上那趟火車嗎?相

27、關(guān)短語 (B級(jí))in no time立刻，馬上 on time按時(shí)；準(zhǔn)時(shí) at times有時(shí) at one time一度；從前 for the time being暫時(shí) once upon a time從前 from time to time不時(shí)地鞏固提高 Youll succeed _ because you are always working hard I hope you can arrive here _ to see Mr Green before he leaves this afternoon. 3) atmosphere n. 大氣；空氣;氣氛；環(huán)境 We live in

28、an atmosphere of freedom. 我們生活在自由的環(huán)境中。 He is fond of the atmosphere of peace and calm in the country 他喜歡鄉(xiāng)間的和平寧靜的氣氛。 鞏固提高 Completely lost in the exciting_of the football match，Tom didnt feel his pocket picked Ascene Bview Catmosphere Dsight 4. What is even more important is that as the earth cooled d

29、own, water began to appear on its surface cool down. cool down變涼, 冷卻曬了一天的太陽之后,他喜歡在海水中涼快一下. After a day in the sun, he liked to _ in the sea.他的話平息了她的怒氣. His words _ her anger.5. What many scientists believe is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids

30、into the oceans and seas.很多科學(xué)家相信，由于地球上長期有水存在，它使得地球得以把曾經(jīng)存在于大氣層中的有害氣體和酸性物質(zhì)溶解在海洋里。 (1) “What believe”是主語從句，what 在主語從句中作賓語。 (2) presence n. 存在；出席；到場 反義詞 absenceShe was so quiet that her _ was hardly noticed. 她一聲不響，幾乎沒人留意到她在場。相關(guān)鏈接in ones presence/in the presence of sb. 在.面前；當(dāng)著的面 (3)harmful adj. 有害的；傷害的 Y

31、our smoking can be harmful to the health of your children 你吸煙會(huì)危害到你小孩的健康。 We should wipe out harmful insects我們應(yīng)該消滅害蟲。 歸納拓展 harm n.& vt損傷，傷害 (B級(jí)) do sbharmdo harm to sb對(duì)某人有害 do more harm than good弊大于利 It does no harm (for sb)to do sth做某事無害處 （C級(jí)）harmless adj.無害的 harmlessly adv無害地 harmlessness n無害 鞏固提高

32、Everyone knows smoking is_ to their health，but many of them cant tear themselves away from it Aharmful Bgood Chelpful Dbad 6This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to begin to develep這長生了一種鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)，那使生命的生長發(fā)育成為一種可能。 此句中的made后跟帶形式賓語it的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，其中it是形式賓語，真正賓語是不定式復(fù)合構(gòu)“for life to begin to

33、 develop”，賓語補(bǔ)足語是possible?；拘问綖閙ake+it+adj.n+to do。 She made it her business to find out who was responsible她非要弄清楚是誰的責(zé)任不可。 Zhongguancun made it possible for him to follow his dreams and help the country he loves.中關(guān)村使他有可能實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的夢(mèng)想，同時(shí)為他所熱愛的國家做出自己的貢獻(xiàn).歸納拓展 常用于此結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞還有think，feel，find，consider等：He finally fo

34、und it impossible to finish the task on time without my help他終于發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有我的幫助按時(shí)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)是不可能的。I feel it my duty to help you我覺得我有責(zé)任幫助你。I think it interesting to study English我認(rèn)為學(xué)英語很有意思。鞏固提高I found_.(到達(dá)那里很難)I think_. (打掃房間是我的職責(zé))I consider_. (學(xué)英語很有用) 隨堂小測一 單詞拼寫 1) We have a large s_ of railways.2 )The new metho

35、ds he suggested sounded good in t_ , but is not practical in use.3) The boat sank in a v_ storm at sea.4) She is u_ her mother; she is tall and her mother is very short.5) Efficiency (效率) would be m_ several times.6) Wide differences of character _(存在) even in children of the same family.7) The _(氣氛

36、)of the meeing is very friendly.8) She asked them not to discuss the matter in her _.(在場)9) One cannot e_ without air.二 單項(xiàng)選擇1. The custom of arranged marriage still _ in many countries.A. appears B. lays C. lives D. exists2. China is a country, but America is a country. A. developing; developing B.

37、developed; developed C. developing; developed D. developed; developing3. he can pass the entrance examination is quite uncertain. A. If B. Whether C. That D. What4. makes this shop different is that it offers more personal services. A. What B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever5. What we used to think impos

38、sible now does seem possible. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 6. As the busiest woman in Norton, she made her duty to look after all the other peoples affairs in that town. A. this B. that C. one D. it班級(jí)_ 姓名_小組_第三課時(shí) reading 自主學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)案7. Many millions of years later, the first extremely small plants

39、began to appear on the surface of the water. 好幾百萬年以后，水的表面開始出現(xiàn)了極小的植物。million n.&adj. 百萬（的）；當(dāng)hundred, thousand, million, billion 被數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，總是用單數(shù)。There are two _hundred_ people in the hall. 大廳里有二百人。當(dāng)hundred, thousand, million, billion后面接of 短語時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Hundreds/thousands/millions/billions of people starved to

40、 death in the earthquake because of the delay of supplies.8.They laid eggs too and existed on the earth for more than 140 millon years. 他們也產(chǎn)卵，在地球上生存了一億四千多萬年。(1) lay 產(chǎn)卵 Fat hens lay few eggs. 雞肥不下蛋。The cuckoo lays its eggs in other birdsnests. 杜鵑在其它鳥的巢中產(chǎn)蛋。Will you lay the table for dinner? 請(qǐng)你擺好晚餐的桌子好

41、嗎？His parens lay great hope on him. 他的父母對(duì)他寄予很大的希望動(dòng)詞原形詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lay產(chǎn)卵；放置laidlaidlayinglie說謊liedliedlyinglie躺；位于laylainlying相關(guān)鏈接 lay off下崗 lay aside 擱置(2) exist vi. 存在；生存；活著；有The Roman Empire existed for several centuries. 羅馬帝國存在了好幾個(gè)世紀(jì)。One cant exist without air. 沒有空氣人就不能生存。詞匯擴(kuò)展existence n. 存在，生存 i

42、n existence 現(xiàn)存的，現(xiàn)有的；come into existence/being 出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生跟蹤演練The manager had fallen asleep where he _ without undressing.A. was laying B. was lying C. had laid D. had leidMany species of animals which once lived on the earth are no longer in _.A. evidence B. effect C. essece D. existence.9. ，because they

43、gave birth to young baby animals and produced milk to feed them ，因?yàn)樗麄兡軓捏w內(nèi)產(chǎn)出幼仔并給幼仔喂乳。 give birth to 產(chǎn)生，分娩; 使誕生 Mary gave birth to a healthy baby girl瑪麗生了個(gè)健康的女嬰。 She died shortly after giving birth她生下孩子后不久便死了。10. Thus they have, in their turn, become the most important animals on the planet.于是，它們接著成為這

44、個(gè)行星上最重要的動(dòng)物。in ones turn 輪到某人；接著相關(guān)拓展 (B級(jí))It is/was ones turn to do sth. 輪到某人做某事 in turn 反之，反過來； 依次相繼地 take turns to do = take turns doing sth 輪流做某事 by turns 輪流11. Finally about 2.6 million years ago some small clever animal, now with hands and feet,appeared and spread all over the earth最后，大約260萬年前，一些

45、小而機(jī)靈的、現(xiàn)在有手腳的動(dòng)物出現(xiàn)并遍布了整個(gè)地球。spread vt使伸展，延伸 vi(消息等)傳開；流行 ( spread spread spread)Mum spread a new cloth on the table when we had dinner. 我們吃飯時(shí)媽在桌子上鋪上一條新桌布The news spread through the school quickly 消息很快傳遍學(xué)校。The fire spread from the factory to the house nearby火從工廠蔓延至附近的房舍。鞏固提高Papermaking began in China an

46、d from here it _ to other countries.Aspread Bgrew Ccarried Ddeveloped12. They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,which prevents heat escaping from the earth into space它們把太多的二氧化碳釋放到大氣層中，這使得地球上的熱量不能釋放到太空中。1) too much“太多”，可在句中作主語、表語、定語和狀語。作定語時(shí)只修飾不可數(shù)名詞；若修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，須用too many。作狀語時(shí)，只修飾動(dòng)

47、詞。He was often ill because he ate and drank too much他曾因飲食過量而常常生病。This washnt the first time Linda had taken too many pills琳達(dá)吃藥過多這已不是第一次了。相關(guān)鏈接too much的中心詞為much，“過于，太多”，作定語，后接不可數(shù)名詞，還可單獨(dú)用作主語、表語、狀語等。much too的中心詞為too，“極其，非?！保蠼有稳菰~或副詞。如：The problem is much too difficult for me to work out這道題非常難，我算不出來。I m

48、afraid the gift may be much too expensive恐怕這個(gè)禮物太貴了。You are asking too much你問的太多了。Im afraid Ive put you too much trouble 我怕太麻煩你了鞏固提高Allen had to call a taxi because the box was_to carry all the way homeAmuch too heavy Btoo much heavy Cheavy too much Dtoo heavy much 2) prevent sb. from doing sth阻止某人做某

49、事 from 可省略，但用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，from 不能省略。Nothing can prevent us(from)going. 什么也阻擋不了我們?nèi)?。I was prevented from starting by the bad weather. 壞天氣使我不能動(dòng)身。鞏固提高He had a best way_ price from keeping _.A. preventing; raising B. to prevent；raising C. preventing；rising D. to stop；rising相關(guān)鏈接阻止某人做某事：keep sbfrom doing sth(此處的from不能省略) 阻止某人做某事 stopprevent sb(from)doing sth阻止某人做某事 注意：在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，三個(gè)短語中的from都不能省略。短語拓展protectfrom表示 保護(hù)不受侵襲，擋住，防御，from后接能帶來傷害或損害之物。鞏固提高1)All the visitors were stoppedprevented/kept from entering the building. 所有參觀者都被阻止進(jìn)入那座大樓。2) An umbrella will protect you from the rain雨傘可以保護(hù)你不至于淋雨。3)We