解析高考英語(yǔ)長(zhǎng)難句.ppt

1、解析高考英語(yǔ) 閱讀中的長(zhǎng)難句,He who is good at reading will conquer the world.,回憶三種基本句子類(lèi)型 長(zhǎng)難句的類(lèi)型及分析方法 長(zhǎng)難句分析在高考閱讀中的演練,學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo),句子種類(lèi),簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句,復(fù)合句,長(zhǎng)難句之朝花夕拾篇,( 1 ) We took pity on the people in the disaster-hit area in Yushu and many students raised money for them. ( 2 ) Having suffered a number of health problems, former

2、 Olympic President Samaranch died on April 21 in Barcelona. ( 3 ) The Internet is an exciting tool that not only puts vast information at your fingertips but expands options.,a simple sentence,a compound(復(fù)合） sentence,a coordinate (并列）sentence,Samaranch died,_ _,m,結(jié)構(gòu)分析法明晰句子結(jié)構(gòu)，把握句子的基本框架。 A.判斷該句是簡(jiǎn)單句、并列

3、句還是復(fù)合句； B.找出句子的主干成分(主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ))，分清句子附屬成分，理解句子大意。 C.層層分析，層層剝離,句 子,判 斷,簡(jiǎn)單句,并列句,復(fù)合句,主 干,并列連詞,從屬連詞,句子較長(zhǎng)，一個(gè)從句套著另一個(gè)從句，環(huán)環(huán)相扣。不管句子有多長(zhǎng)有多復(fù)雜，它只由兩部分構(gòu)成，即主干和修飾成分。主干是整個(gè)句子的骨架，主要指主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)或主系表結(jié)構(gòu)。而修飾成分在句中只起修飾或補(bǔ)充主干的作用，它既可以是單詞，也可以是短語(yǔ)，更常見(jiàn)的則是從句，尤其是定語(yǔ)從句和狀語(yǔ)從句。 我們應(yīng)通過(guò)仔細(xì)分析，將每個(gè)修飾成分劃出來(lái)，找出句子的主干，這樣整個(gè)句子結(jié)構(gòu)就清晰了。,Schools across China are expec

4、ted to hire 50,000 college graduates this year as short-term teachers, almost three times the number hired last year, to help reduce unemployment pressures .,介詞短語(yǔ),時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),介詞短語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ),過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ),定語(yǔ),長(zhǎng)難句之分門(mén)別類(lèi)篇,1.帶有較多成分 的簡(jiǎn)單句,不定式做狀語(yǔ),Schools are expected to hire college graduates,去枝葉, 留主干。,2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句,找從屬連詞, 分析從句

5、, 理解句意。,Whereas a womans closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave a failing marriage，it wasnt unusual to hear a man say that he didnt know that his friends marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.,一個(gè)女人最親密的女性朋友可能是第一個(gè)告訴 她離開(kāi)一

6、次失敗的婚姻；而聽(tīng)見(jiàn)一個(gè)男人說(shuō)直到他 的朋友一天晚上問(wèn)他是否可以睡在他家的沙發(fā)上他 才知道他朋友的婚姻已非常糟糕，這是很平常的。,并列和主從復(fù)合句并存的處理方法 先讀懂并列句，再看主從復(fù)合句,If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at

7、all compared to a man didnt even speak EnglishWilliam, the Conqueror.,如果你讓人們說(shuō)出一個(gè)曾經(jīng)對(duì)英語(yǔ)產(chǎn)生過(guò)巨大影響 的人，他們準(zhǔn)會(huì)說(shuō)像莎士比亞、塞繆爾約翰遜 、韋伯斯 特等諸如此類(lèi)的人。 但論其影響他們當(dāng)中無(wú)人能抵得上 一個(gè)甚至不會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的人征服者威廉。,3.含有插入語(yǔ)的句子,這種句子的特點(diǎn)是在正常的 句子中插入一些或長(zhǎng)或短的 成分或句子，比如同位語(yǔ)（從句）、 非限制性定語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、分詞、插入語(yǔ)等等，打斷讀者的思路，割裂前后之間的語(yǔ)義，造成理解上的困難。我們稱之為“打岔”。有時(shí)有逗號(hào)或破折號(hào)分開(kāi)。,忽略插入成分, 直奔

8、句子主題.,The lack of right male (男性的) role models in many of their livesat home and particularly in the school environment (環(huán)境)means that their peers are the only people they have to judge themselves against.,在他們很多人的生活中，如在家里，尤其是在學(xué)校，缺少合適的男性榜樣，這就意味著他們只好對(duì)照自己的同齡人來(lái)評(píng)判自己。,Science has become so important in th

9、e modern world, with its procedures so highly standardized and so widely accepted, that it is included among modern social institutions.,隨著科學(xué)研究程序達(dá)到高度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化并被廣泛接受，在當(dāng)今世界上，科學(xué)已變得如此重要，以至被納入現(xiàn)代社會(huì)制度之中。,4. 成分省略 The magazine is male-targeting because young guys generally wont pick up a magazine that appears to b

10、e directed at females, whereas girls usually will.,把握大意, 找出上文對(duì)應(yīng)信息, 補(bǔ)充省略成分,Before 1066, in the land we now call Great Britain lived peoples belonging to two major language groups.,5. 倒裝句,確定主語(yǔ), 調(diào)整語(yǔ)序, 把握大意.,Mobile phone SIM cards which are put in the collars(項(xiàng)圈) of elephants automatically send a text m

11、essage when they get too close to farms, allowing wildlife workers to drive them off rather than shoot them. I was discussing this problem recently with a colleague who had been beating his head against the wall for months trying to get a story about a mysterious “dark force” in cosmology(宇宙學(xué)) past

12、editors at New Yorker.,長(zhǎng)難句之小試牛刀篇,_,_ _,長(zhǎng)難句之 方法總結(jié)篇,1. 帶有較多成分的簡(jiǎn)單句-去枝葉，留主干。 2.含有多個(gè)從句的復(fù)合句 -找從屬連詞,分析從句, 理解句意。 3.含有插入成分的句子 -忽略插入成分, 直奔句子主題。 4. 倒裝句-確定主語(yǔ), 調(diào)整語(yǔ)序, 把握大意。 5. 成分省略 -把握大意, 找出對(duì)應(yīng)信息, 補(bǔ)充省略成分。,分析：是狀語(yǔ)從句，是主句，是with引導(dǎo)的介詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)。這樣，把整個(gè)句子劃為3個(gè)意群，可以大大提高閱讀速度。,When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other，,an unbelted driver would meet the windshield,with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters.,1. 意群閱讀法,2.剝絲抽繭法 先跳讀修飾成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意義；然后再分層理解修飾成分或附加成分。如果待處理的長(zhǎng)難句為一個(gè)復(fù)雜的主從復(fù)合句，可這樣處理：先分清主句與從句，然后弄清從句的性質(zhì)，即弄清它是什么從句。是名詞性從句，還是狀語(yǔ)從句