Java完整的學(xué)生選課系統(tǒng)源碼

1、/需求分析：寫一個(gè)較為嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)膶W(xué)生選課系統(tǒng)，實(shí)現(xiàn)學(xué)生可以選擇多門選課課程，并將有效選課結(jié)果保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫。學(xué)生需要登錄后，才能選課。讓學(xué)生可以在選課系統(tǒng)通過多種方式查詢到要選的課程信息。/選課規(guī)則：1、每個(gè)學(xué)生可以選多門課程，多次選課的總學(xué)分不能超過6學(xué)分；2、不能重復(fù)選擇一門課程；3、每一門課程的選課人數(shù)都有數(shù)量限制，當(dāng)某門課程的選課名額滿時(shí)，則應(yīng)另選課程。4、憑用戶名和密碼登錄，通過提交某一課程號(hào)來選課/總體設(shè)計(jì)方案：建立三個(gè)類：登錄類register，選課類studentChooseCourse,數(shù)據(jù)庫工具類JDBCUtil；一個(gè)SQL腳本文件用于生成數(shù)據(jù)庫表結(jié)構(gòu)和初始記錄，以搭建數(shù)據(jù)庫環(huán)境

2、。登錄類register類，負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)用戶的身份進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證；工具類JDBCUtil用于實(shí)現(xiàn)連接，你可調(diào)用JDBCUtil的getConnection()方法等到鏈接。選課類studentChooseCourse用于，實(shí)現(xiàn)選課功能。其中包括幾個(gè)主要方法：1、actionPerformed(ActionEvent) 用于監(jiān)聽用戶“查詢”和“提交”操作，并負(fù)責(zé)調(diào)用各種方法對(duì)其進(jìn)行處理2、createSearchCourse()用于產(chǎn)生圖形用戶界面3、processBeforeCommit()用于對(duì)用戶的“提交”查找進(jìn)行驗(yàn)證，剔除無效的用戶操作4、tryCommit()負(fù)責(zé)對(duì)有效的“提交”操作，進(jìn)一步處理，

3、并將有效的操作結(jié)果時(shí)時(shí)保存到數(shù)據(jù)庫，并更新數(shù)據(jù)庫原有信息/本程序用到的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：數(shù)據(jù)庫連接JDBC；SQL建表、插入輸入、動(dòng)態(tài)查詢；圖形用戶界面的產(chǎn)生以及處理查詢結(jié)果集并較好顯示；程序設(shè)計(jì)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。/代碼如下：import java.awt.GridLayout;import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;import java.awt.event.ActionListener;import java.sql.*;import javax.swing.*;import javax.swing.table.DefaultTableModel;import school.sc

4、hoolPicture.JdbcUtil;public class StudentChooseCourse extends JFrame implements ActionListener JTextField jtfSearch = new JTextField(11);String columnNames = new String 課程ID, 課程名, 學(xué)時(shí), 學(xué)分, 學(xué)期, 性質(zhì) ;DefaultTableModel dtmSearch = new DefaultTableModel(columnNames, 27);JTable jtSearch = new JTable(dtmSea

5、rch);JScrollPane jspSearch = new JScrollPane(jtSearch);JComboBox jcbSearch = new JComboBox();JTextField jtfSelectedCourse = new JTextField(10);Connection con = null;PreparedStatement ps = null;ResultSet rs = null;private static String usrName;private static String passwrd;/在構(gòu)造方法中添加兩個(gè)參數(shù)。以便在提交時(shí)，將學(xué)生的身份

6、連同所選的課程，一同記錄在學(xué)生選課表中。public StudentChooseCourse(String usrName, String passwrd) createSearchCourse();this.usrName = usrName;this.passwrd = passwrd;public String getUsrName() return usrName;public void setUsrName(String usrName) this.usrName = usrName;public String getPasswrd() return passwrd;public v

7、oid setPasswrd(String passwrd) this.passwrd = passwrd;/根據(jù)用戶的時(shí)間，做出相應(yīng)的反映public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) String str = e.getActionCommand();/清空結(jié)果顯示區(qū)中的內(nèi)容，如果有的話。if (查詢.trim().equals(str) int k = 1;while (k 10) for (int i = 1; i 7; i+) jtSearch.setValueAt(null, k - 1, i - 1);k+;/調(diào)用下面的這個(gè)方法，在數(shù)據(jù)庫中進(jìn)

8、行查找，并將結(jié)果顯示在表格中。searchAvailableCourse(); else if (提交.equals(str) /processBeforeCommit()對(duì)用戶選課操作進(jìn)行有效性檢驗(yàn)；/剔除無效操作：如輸入無效的課程號(hào)，或已經(jīng)選擇了某一課程，已經(jīng)選滿的6學(xué)分等各種情況boolean effect=processBeforeCommit(); /如果課程存在，且該學(xué)生具有選擇該課程的資格，即effect為true,進(jìn)入正式提交程序(tryCommit()if(effect=true) tryCommit();/對(duì)用戶選課操作進(jìn)行有效性檢驗(yàn)；public boolean proc

9、essBeforeCommit()/清空原結(jié)果顯示區(qū)中的內(nèi)容，如果有的話。int k = 1;while (k 10) for (int i = 1; i 6) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, 你已經(jīng)選滿6學(xué)分，系統(tǒng)將退出);this.setVisible(false);return false;/無效操作3：課程該學(xué)生已經(jīng)選擇了某課程，則不能再選該課程了。sql = select * from choicesxx where sname=? and cno=?;boolean flag = false;try ps = con.prepareState

10、ment(sql);ps.setString(1, this.getUsrName();ps.setString(2, userInput);rs = ps.executeQuery();flag = rs.next(); catch (Exception eaa) eaa.printStackTrace();if (flag) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, 你已經(jīng)選擇了該課程。請(qǐng)另選課程);return false;/如果以上無效操作都不存在，則返回true，意為這是一個(gè)準(zhǔn)有效操作return true;/對(duì)有效的提交操作的進(jìn)行處理public vo

11、id tryCommit() / userInput為用戶輸入的課程ID.String userInput = jtfSelectedCourse.getText().toString().trim().toLowerCase();/ if course still available(count 0) / save studentId and courseId to student-course table./ this.getUsrName();userInputsql = insert into choicesxx values(?,?);ps = con.prepareStatemen

12、t(sql);ps.setString(1, this.getUsrName();ps.setString(2, userInput);ps.executeUpdate();JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, 選課成功： + this.getUsrName()+ 選了 + userInput + . + + 還有 + RemainedCount+ 人可以選該課程。);/ 更新課程中已選該課程的人數(shù)：即將可選該課程的人數(shù)減去1個(gè)人。sql = update CourseXX set selectedCount=selectedCount+1 where cno

13、=?;ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setString(1, userInput);ps.executeUpdate();mit();/如果該課程已經(jīng)沒有選擇名額，提示重新選課 catch (Exception es) es.printStackTrace();try con.rollback(); catch (Exception ey) ey.printStackTrace();/對(duì)用戶查詢課程信息，進(jìn)行處理，并顯示查詢結(jié)果public void searchAvailableCourse() / 讓程序自動(dòng)選擇連接的是Oracle或Sq

14、lServer.if (JDBCUtil.getConnection() != null) System.out.println(JDBCUtil.getConnection();con = JDBCUtil.getConnection(); else con = JdbcUtil.getConnection();/userInput取得用戶輸入的信息,selectedItem取得用戶選擇的查詢方式String userInput = jtfSearch.getText().toString().trim().toLowerCase();String selectedItem = jcbSea

15、rch.getSelectedItem().toString().trim();System.out.println(User search: + userInput);System.out.println(selectedItem: + selectedItem);String sql = null;/按用戶查詢方式，如按課程名，課程ID或?qū)W時(shí)的查詢進(jìn)行處理；并在表格中實(shí)現(xiàn)結(jié)果try if (課程名.equals(selectedItem) sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,isNeed from CourseXX where cname = ?;

16、ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setString(1, userInput); else if (課程ID.equals(selectedItem) sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,isNeed from CourseXX where cno = ?;ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setString(1, userInput); else if (學(xué)時(shí).equals(selectedItem) sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,i

17、sNeed from CourseXX where hour = ?;ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(userInput); else if (學(xué)分.equals(selectedItem) sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,isNeed from CourseXX where grade = ?;ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setInt(1, Integer.parseInt(userInput); else if (學(xué)

18、期.equals(selectedItem) sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,isNeed from CourseXX where term = ?;ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);ps.setString(1, userInput);System.out.println(sql);rs = ps.executeQuery();mit();ResultSetMetaData meta = rs.getMetaData();int cols = meta.getColumnCount();String re

19、sult = null;int k = 1;boolean flag = false;/將查詢結(jié)果以表格的形式顯示出來while (rs.next() for (int i = 1; i = cols; i+) result = rs.getString(i);System.out.println(result);jtSearch.setValueAt(result, k - 1, i - 1);k+;flag = true;/如果查詢結(jié)果集為空，提示用戶沒有該課程if (flag = false) JOptionPane.showMessageDialog(null, 該課程不存在，請(qǐng)重新輸

20、入);return; catch (Exception ex) ex.printStackTrace();try con.rollback(); catch (Exception er) er.printStackTrace();/產(chǎn)生圖形用戶界面，以便用戶操作public void createSearchCourse() this.setLayout(new GridLayout(3, 1);JPanel jp1 = new JPanel();jp1.setLayout(new GridLayout(4, 1);JPanel jp2 = new JPanel();JPanel jp3 =

21、new JPanel();JPanel jp10 = new JPanel();JPanel jp11 = new JPanel();JPanel jp12 = new JPanel();JPanel jp13 = new JPanel();JLabel jlSearch = new JLabel( 學(xué) 生 選 課 系 統(tǒng) );jp11.add(jlSearch);jcbSearch.addItem(new String(課程名);jcbSearch.addItem(new String(課程ID);jcbSearch.addItem(new String(學(xué)時(shí));jcbSearch.addI

22、tem(new String(學(xué)分);jcbSearch.addItem(new String(學(xué)期);jp12.add(jtfSearch);jp12.add(jcbSearch);JButton jbOK = new JButton(查詢);jbOK.addActionListener(this);jbOK.setSize(90, 20);jp13.add(jbOK);jp1.add(jp10);jp1.add(jp11);jp1.add(jp12);jp1.add(jp13);jp2.add(jspSearch);JLabel jlSelectedCourse = new JLabel(

23、請(qǐng)輸入課程ID：);JButton jbSelectedCourse = new JButton(提交);jbSelectedCourse.addActionListener(this);jp3.add(jlSelectedCourse);jp3.add(jtfSelectedCourse);jp3.add(jbSelectedCourse);this.add(jp1);this.add(jp2);this.add(jp3);this.setVisible(true);this.setSize(485, 600);/當(dāng)某學(xué)生有效登錄后，啟動(dòng)程序（將學(xué)生的登錄信息也傳過來，以便保存選課操作時(shí)使用

24、）public static void main(String args) /String usrName = xuliang;/String passwrd = 123;new StudentChooseCourse(usrName, passwrd);/-以下為搭建學(xué)生選課系統(tǒng)的SQL腳本文件。只需運(yùn)行一次，就可有完整的數(shù)據(jù)庫表結(jié)構(gòu)和初始記錄。 /-/該腳本針對(duì)SQLserver；Oracle的SQL腳本類似，只需將將數(shù)據(jù)類型如varchar改為varchar2,int改為number等-table1: registerXU 登錄表drop table registerXu;create

25、table registerXu (id varchar(20),userName varchar(20),passWord varchar(20),identify varchar(20);insert into registerXu values(s001,xuliang,123,學(xué)生);insert into registerXu values(s002,xuliang2,1234,學(xué)生);insert into registerXu values(j001,jack,12345,學(xué)生);insert into registerXu values(001,user,user,學(xué)生);in

26、sert into registerXu values(z001,zlm,corejava,老師);-String sql = select * from registerXu -+ where userName=? and passWord=? and identify=?;-table 2:Coursexx課程表drop table Coursexx;create table Coursexx(cno varchar(20) primary key,cname varchar(20),hour Int,grade Int,term varchar(20),isNeed varchar(20

27、), selectedCount Int ,Max Int);insert into Coursexx values(c001,CoreJava,50,5,NoNecessary,0,50);insert into Coursexx values(c002,XML,20,2,NoNecessary,0,40);insert into Coursexx values(c003,HIBERNATE,20,4,NoNecessary,0,30);insert into Coursexx values(c004,SQL,20,4,NoNecessary,0,5);insert into Coursex

28、x values(c005,JDBC,20,2,NoNecessary,0,3);insert into Coursexx values(c006,AJAX,20,2,NoNecessary,0,1);insert into Coursexx values(c007,JSP,100,8,NoNecessary,0,1-sql = select cno,cname,hour,grade,term,isNeed from CourseXX where cname = ?; -table 3:學(xué)生表-drop table studentxx;create table studentxx(sid va

29、rchar(20),sname varchar(20) primary key,sex varchar(20),birthday varchar(20),className varchar(20), image varchar(20);insert into studentxx values(s001,xuliang,male,sd1003,good);insert into studentxx values(s002,xuliang2,male,sd0910,good);insert into studentxx values(j001,jack,male,sd1003,good);inse

30、rt into studentxx values(001,user,male,sd1005,good);insert into studentxx values(s003,sisi,female,sd1007,good);insert into studentxx values(as003,crystal,female,asd1007,good);-table 4:choices學(xué)生選課表drop table choicesxx;create table choicesxx(sname varchar(20) references studentxx(sname),cno varchar(20

31、) references coursexx(cno);-判斷某一個(gè)學(xué)生已經(jīng)選的課程的總學(xué)分是否小于6分/-用戶登錄類 -/用途：驗(yàn)證用戶是否具有登錄系統(tǒng)的資格-package school;import javax.swing.*;import school.schoolPicture.JdbcUtil;import java.sql.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;public class Register implements ActionListener JFrame jf = new JFrame(學(xué)生成績管理與選課系統(tǒng));JTe

32、xtField jtfUserName = new JTextField(10);JPasswordField jpfPassWord = new JPasswordField(10);JComboBox identify = new JComboBox();/constructorpublic Register() CreateRegisterGUI();/ deal with user action, when user check:登錄,取消or 注冊(cè)public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) String str = e.getActionCo

33、mmand();if (str.equalsIgnoreCase(登錄) /當(dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊登錄時(shí)，調(diào)用以下方法去數(shù)據(jù)庫做匹配processLogin(); else if (str.equalsIgnoreCase(取消) jtfUserName.setText();jpfPassWord.setText(); else if (str.equalsIgnoreCase(注冊(cè)) new CreateLogin();/當(dāng)用戶點(diǎn)擊登錄時(shí)，調(diào)用以下方法去數(shù)據(jù)庫做匹配public void processLogin() / create connection to the database.Connect

34、ion con = null;/ Connection con = JDBCUtil.getConnection();/讓程序自動(dòng)連接相應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)庫,以避免連接數(shù)據(jù)庫時(shí)頻繁改動(dòng)連接程序if (JdbcUtil.class = null) /連接達(dá)內(nèi)Oracle數(shù)據(jù)庫con = JdbcUtil.getConnection(); else /連接本地SQLSERVER數(shù)據(jù)庫con = JDBCUtil.getConnection();/ write sql sentenceString usrName = jtfUserName.getText().trim();String passwrd =

35、new String(jpfPassWord.getPassword().trim();String ident = identify.getSelectedItem().toString().trim();String sql = select * from registerXu + where userName=? and passWord=? and identify=?;System.out.println(usrName + : + passwrd + : + ident);/ create object of PreparedStatementtry PreparedStateme

36、nt ps = con.prepareStatement(sql);/ Prepare parameter for the sqlps.setString(1, usrName);ps.setString(2, passwrd);ps.setString(3, ident);/ send parameter to compiler to compile.ResultSet rs = ps.executeQuery();StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();ResultSetMetaData meta = rs.getMetaData();int cols =

37、 meta.getColumnCount();/you can use another simple way to check whether the people has records in database:/define a boolean flag=false, if has record change it/to true;otherwise, if flag=flase,showMessage(Input ERROR)while (rs.next() for (int i = 1; i cols; i+) sb.append(meta.getColumnName(i);sb.ap

38、pend(rs.getString(i); if (sb.length() = 1) if (ident.equals(student) /if he or she is a student, and usrName-passwrd alright, then go to 學(xué)生選課系統(tǒng)new StudentChooseCourse(usrName, passwrd);jf.setVisible(false);/ new StudentEntered(); else if (ident.equals(teacher) / new TeacherEntered(usrName,passwrd);n

39、ew TeacherEntered();jf.setVisible(false); else if (ident.equals(admin) / go to administrator pages. catch (Exception er) er.printStackTrace();/產(chǎn)生圖形用戶界面public void CreateRegisterGUI() jf.setLayout(new GridLayout(5, 1);JPanel jp1 = new JPanel();JLabel jl1 = new JLabel(學(xué)生成績管理系統(tǒng));jp1.add(jl1);jf.add(jp1

40、);JPanel jp2 = new JPanel();JLabel jl2 = new JLabel(用戶名:);jp2.add(jl2);jp2.add(jtfUserName);jf.add(jp2);JPanel jp3 = new JPanel();/ JPasswordField jpfPassWord = new JPasswordField(10);JLabel passWord = new JLabel(密 碼:);jp3.add(passWord);jp3.add(jpfPassWord);jf.add(jp3);JPanel jp4 = new JPanel();JLabel jl4 = new JLabel(身 份:);/ identify.addItem(new String(學(xué)生 );identify.addItem(new String(student );/ identify.addItem(new String(老師 );identify.addItem(new String(teacher );/ identify.addItem(new