2019年高中英語(yǔ)Unit1CulturalrelicsSectionⅢGrammar——限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句教案.docx

Section Grammar 限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)法圖解探究發(fā)現(xiàn)This gift was the Amber Room, which was given this name because several tons of amber were used to make it.The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellowbrown colour like honey.However, the next King of Prussia, Frederick William ，to whom the amber room belonged, decided not to keep it.Later, Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Petersburg where she spent her summers.This was a time when the two countries were at war.There is no doubt that the boxes were then put on a train for Knigsberg, which was at that time a German city on the Baltic Sea.我的發(fā)現(xiàn)(1)例句中含which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句；例句中含which引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句；在形式上非限制性定語(yǔ)從句與限制性定語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別在于：關(guān)系詞前是否有逗號(hào)。(2)以上例句中含非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的有；含限制性定語(yǔ)從句的有。一、定語(yǔ)從句的種類(lèi)根據(jù)定語(yǔ)從句與先行詞之間關(guān)系的緊密程度，我們將定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句兩種。1限制性定語(yǔ)從句限制性定語(yǔ)從句是先行詞在意義上不可缺少的定語(yǔ)，用于修飾和限定先行詞。如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整。這種從句和主句的關(guān)系十分密切，兩者之間不用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)；關(guān)系代詞在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞有who, whom, whose, that, which, as；關(guān)系副詞有where, when, why。This is the computer (that/which) he bought for his son yesterday.這是他昨天為兒子買(mǎi)的電腦。The woman who/that survived the earthquake is Amys English teacher.在地震中幸存的那個(gè)女人是埃米的英語(yǔ)老師。2非限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句的關(guān)系不是十分密切，只是對(duì)先行詞或主句作些附加說(shuō)明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。這種從句和主句之間往往用逗號(hào)分開(kāi)。引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞與引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系詞略有不同。除that和why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句外，其他都可以。He is English, which I know from his accent.他是英國(guó)人，那是我通過(guò)他的口音知道的。Sarah, who has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.(2017全國(guó)卷)莎拉與頂級(jí)模特一起參加演出是想證明她不但美麗，而且很有智慧。即時(shí)演練1用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空(2017全國(guó)卷)Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, which is not good for the health.Holly, who is from Australia, has a good command of Chinese.His parents wouldnt marry her to anyone whose family was poor.Finally the thief handed in everything that he had stolen to the police.This was the reason why he was late yesterday.二、限制性定語(yǔ)從句與非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的用法比較1形式不同限制性定語(yǔ)從句和主句之間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)；非限制性定語(yǔ)從句必須用逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。Here is the man who was punished by the boss.這就是那個(gè)被老板懲罰的人。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)The project, which lasted three years, cost no less than $1 billion.這個(gè)工程歷時(shí)三年，耗資多達(dá)十億美元。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)2先行詞不同限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞只能是一個(gè)名詞或代詞，而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞可以是一個(gè)詞，也可以是整個(gè)主句。試比較：This is the best novel that I have ever read.這是我曾經(jīng)看過(guò)的最好的小說(shuō)。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是novel)The novel, which I read last night, is very interesting.我昨天晚上看的那部小說(shuō)非常有意思。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為novel)The novel is very interesting, which makes me very excited.那部小說(shuō)很有意思，這讓我很興奮。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面整句話(huà)的內(nèi)容)3關(guān)系詞的使用情況不同(1)that, why不可用于引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指物時(shí)要用which代替that, for which代替whyMost people didnt vote for him, which disappointed him.大多數(shù)人沒(méi)有投票支持他，這使他感到失望。I have told them the reason, for which I changed my mind.我已經(jīng)告訴了他們我改變主意的原因。(2)關(guān)系代詞替代情況不同關(guān)系代詞whom在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可用who代替，但在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)不可用who代替。This is the man (whom/who/that) we are talking about.這就是我們正在談?wù)摰哪莻€(gè)人。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)The young man had a new girlfriend, whom he wanted to impress.這位年輕人新交了一個(gè)女朋友，他想給她留下印象。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，先行詞指人時(shí)可以用that引導(dǎo)，但在非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞指人時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞只能用who或whom。She has a younger brother, who is an English teacher.她有一個(gè)弟弟，他是一名英語(yǔ)老師。(3)關(guān)系代詞省略情況不同關(guān)系代詞在限制性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可省略，而非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的所有關(guān)系代詞均不可省略。This is a good film (which/that) I saw a few days ago.這是我?guī)滋烨翱催^(guò)的一部好影片。(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)The summer holiday, which were looking forward to, is drawing near. 我們盼望的暑假就要來(lái)了。(非限制性定語(yǔ)從句)即時(shí)演練2(1)寫(xiě)出下列句子中which指代的內(nèi)容Mike sold his old furniture, which made his father angry.which 指代Mike_sold_his_old_furnitureThe house which I bought last month has a lovely garden.which 指代The_house(2)補(bǔ)全句子Her sister, who_teaches_us_English,_will go abroad next year.她的姐姐教我們英語(yǔ)，她明年將出國(guó)。Here is Mr. White, whom_youve_been_waiting_for a long time.這就是懷特先生，你等了很久的人。She has found the necklace (that)_she_lost_two_weeks_ago.她找到了那條兩周前丟失的項(xiàng)鏈。.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1This is the room where my grandma used to live.2This is the room that/which my grandma used to live in.3(2017北京高考)The little problems that we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.4As is known to us all, the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty.5The boy who/whom I thought to be honest lied to me.6I, who is your good friend, will of course try my best to help you out.7This was the reason why he took apart the machine.8This is the farm where we picked apples last year.9Do you still remember the summer holiday when we made a journey to Beijing?10The famous singer, who is from Britain, has a number of devoted fans in China.11The old man has two daughters, both of whom work as doctors.12She has several balls, the largest of which is the blue one.單句寫(xiě)作1They went to the British Museum, where_they_saw_many_famous_artists_paintings (在那里他們看到了許多著名藝術(shù)家的畫(huà)作)2As_is_known_to_us_all (眾所周知), books are the source of knowledge.3I dont know the reason why_he_didnt_come_to_school_as_usual (他為什么沒(méi)有照常來(lái)學(xué)校)4He is such a man as_is_always_active_and_warmhearted(一直積極并且熱心的)5Taobao is a website where_you_can_buy_what_you_want (在那里你可以買(mǎi)到你想要的東西) at a good price.6The school shop, whose_customers_are_mainly_students(主要顧客是學(xué)生), is closed for the holidays.7He failed in the exam again, which_surprised_his_parents(這使他的父母很吃驚)8Do you know the number of people who_lost_their_lives(失去了他們的生命) in the traffic accident?9The reason why_he_missed_the_class (他為什么誤了課) was quite different from the one that you explained to me.10It rained hard yesterday, which_prevented/stopped_me_from_going_to_the_park (這阻止了我去公園).語(yǔ)段填空(用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空)The very film 1.that is called Titanic is such a beautiful and sad love story 2.as is popular with the public, 3.whose hero and heroine are Jack and Rose. Rose is a young be