全新版大學(xué)英語第一冊(cè)教師用課件UnitPublicAttitudesTowardS.ppt

Before Reading,1.Warm-up Exercises,Journey on the Paper,Brainstorming,Clone,2.Background Information,Stephen Hawking,Albert Einstein,Frankenstein,BR_Main,Journey on the Paper,BR_warm_Journey on the Paper,Now lets go on a journey through the most spectacular 100 years in the history of science and technology to have an overview of how our understanding of the world has grown from 1900 to today.,MATTERS OF LIFE AND DEATH - Medicine and Health,BR_warm_Journey -MATTERS -,Patients battle illness, while doctors can do little more than counsel（勸告）and comfort them and keep them clean.,Doctors treat and often cure patients with a vast array (一大批) of medicines and medical technologies, but some diseases are still incurable.,MYSTERIES OF THE UNIVERSE - Physics and Astronomy,BR_warm_Journey -MYSTERIES,The Milky Way galaxy（星系）(including some unexplained nebular clouds（星云）) is the known universe. Newtons laws explain the physical world. Matter is composed of atoms.,The Milky Way is just one galaxy among countless millions we have observed in the universe. There is no set of laws that explains all phenomena in the physical world, although there are many theories. Atoms are composed of many subatomic particles, all of which derive from（來自于) energy.,BR_warm_Journey- RESEARCH,RESEARCH INTO OURSELVES - Human Behavior,Mental illness can be treated with a range of therapies (治療) and medications. We know a great deal about the chemistry and the parts of the brain that control our behavior and thoughts.,There is no cure for the mentally ill, who are confined to insane asylums (精神病院). “Mind” and “body” are thought of as two separate things.,BR_warm_Journey- FCB,FASTER, CLOSER, BETTER - Technology,Millions worldwide will watch the 2008 Beijing Olympics on television, transmitted instantaneously(瞬間地) by satellite. The news will spread as well by radio, newspaper, and the World Wide Web.,ORIGINS - Earth and Life Science,BR_warm_Journey -ORIGINS,The plates (板塊) that make up the Earths crust (地殼) move over time, causing earthquakes and volcanoes. The Earth is known to be 4,500 million years old. The genetic code of DNA, which drives evolution, is better understood every day.,Brainstorming,BR_warm-Brainstorming-Brainstorm some,1.Brainstorm some of the scientific and technological inventions.,e-mail,mobile phone,clone,nuclear weapons,laptop (筆記本電腦),nanotechnology (納米技術(shù)),genetic engineering,Brainstorming,BR_warm_Brainstorming-Discussion,2.Discussion,?,Do all these inventions always change our lives for the better? Give examples to explain your opinion.,BR_warm_Clone-new,1.news Listen to the three pieces of news about clone.,News 2 In April 1998,News 1 In Feb. 1997,News 3 In Feb. 2003,BR_warm_Clone-new-1,In February 1997 a group of geneticists(遺傳學(xué)家) led by Ian Wilmut at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland, announced that they had cloned a sheep from the mammary gland tissue(乳腺組織) of a six-year-old ewe(母羊), the first time scientists have been able to clone an adult mammal(哺乳動(dòng)物).,BR_warm_Clone-new-2,Dolly, the first-ever mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell, with her first lamb, named Bonnie, is seen at the Roslin Institute in Edinburgh, Scotland in this image on April 23, 1998. Dolly, who was naturally mated at the end of last year with a Welsh Mountain ram（公羊）, gave birth to Bonnie on April 13, proving that despite her unusual origins, she is able to breed normally and produce healthy offspring.,BR_warm_Clone-new-3,Dolly, the sheep, the first mammal to be successfully cloned from an adult cell, has been put down after she was found to have a lung disease, the Roslin Institute in Scotlands capital Edinburgh said on Feb 17, 2003. “She was suffering from an incurable disease,” said Dr Harry Griffin, after Roslin released a statement saying the decision had been taken to put Dolly down after she contracted（感染）progressive lung disease.-,BR_warm_Clone-Discussion,2. Discussion,What is your attitude towards clone?,Clone is a member of a group of organisms or plants produced non-sexually from one ancestor.,The suggested ethical and practical arguments both for and against cloning：,For:,Animals from endangered species could be cloned to prevent extinction. 2. Cloning would be a good source for organ and bone marrow (骨髓) transplants. 3. Sterile （不育的）couples will be able to have offspring who will have either the mothers or fathers genetic pattern.,Technology is not well developed. It has a low fertility rate（出生率）. In cloning Dolly, 277 eggs were used, 30 started to divide, nine induced pregnancy, and only one survived to term (臨產(chǎn)). 2. Clones may be treated as second-class citizens and the unknown psychosocial harm with impacts on the family and society. 3. Loss of genetic variation.,Against:,BR_warm_Clone-Ads-1,Use attention-grabbing images and snappy（簡(jiǎn)潔） yet informative language in your ads. You might find models of such images and language in other public service advertisements, such as examples can be found at and . ),ones that discourage people from smoking.,Decide for yourself which side of the issue to support and then plan a public service advertisement campaign for or against cloning.,3.Ads Designing,(A few good,the,BR_warm_Clone-Ads-2,smoking,BR_Background _Stephen Hawking-main,Stephen Hawking,1. Brief Introduction to Stephen Hawking,2. Chronology of Stephen Hawking,3. Main Achievements of Stephen Hawking,BR_Background _Stephen Hawking- 1.Stephen Hawking,Stephen Hawking (1942 ): British theoretical physicist and mathematician,1. Brief Introduction to Stephen Hawking,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking -1,2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking,-1942 Born in,-1958 Entered and became especially interested in thermodynamics（熱力學(xué)）, relativity theory, and quantum mechanics （量子力學(xué)）. -1962 Received a bachelors degree in physics and then enrolled as a research student in general relativity at the .,University of Cambridge,Oxford, England.,Oxford University,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking1-1,2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking,Oxford University,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking-1-2,2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking,University of Cambridge,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking-2,2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking,-1966 Earned his Ph.D. degree at the University of Cambridge. Stayed at the University of Cambridge to do post-doctoral research. Diagnosed as having Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (肌萎縮性脊髓側(cè)索硬化).,“I am quite often asked: How do you feel about having ALS? The answer is, not a lot. I try to lead as normal a life as possible, and not think about my condition, or regret the things it prevents me from doing, which are not that many.”,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking -3,2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking,- 1977 Became a professor of physics. - 1979 Appointed Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at Cambridge, a post once held by Isaac Newton.,This is a picture of Stephen, Isaac New-ton and Albert Einstein.,BR_Background _ 2.Chronology of Stephen Hawking -3. Main Achievements,singularity,(A point in space-time at which the space-time curvature（曲率）becomes infinite.),(A region of space-time from which nothing, not even light, can escape. Nothing can escape because gravity is so strong.),black hole,A Brief History of Time,3. Main Achievements,(One of his books to make his work accessible to the public.),BR_Background _ 2. Albert Einstein-Quiz,Do the quiz to see how much you know about Albert Einstein. In his effort to discover the governing laws of the universe, Einstein tried to find a mathematical relationship between two natural forces. What are they? _,Albert Einstein Quiz,A. Electromagnetism and gravitation.,B. Fission（裂變）and gravity.,C. Electricity and the speed of light.,D. Nuclear energy and electromagnetism.,BR_Background _ 2. Albert Einstein-QuizA,A,A. Electromagnetism and gravitation.,B. Fission（裂變）and gravity.,C. Electricity and the speed of light.,D. Nuclear energy and electromagnetism.,Do the quiz to see how much you know about Albert Einstein. In his effort to discover the governing laws of the universe, Einstein tried to find a mathematical relationship between two natural forces. What are they? _,Albert Einstein Quiz,BR_Background _ 2. Albert Einstein-QuizB,B,A. Electromagnetism and gravitation.,B. Fission（裂變）and gravity.,C. Electricity and the speed of light.,D. Nuclear energy and electromagnetism.,Do the quiz to see how much you know about Albert Einstein. In his effort to discover the governing laws of the universe, Einstein tried to find a mathematical relationship between two natural forces. What are they? _,Albert Einstein Quiz,BR_Background _ 2. Albert Einstein-QuizC,C,A. Electromagnetism and gravitation.,B. Fission（裂變）and gravity.,C. Electricity and the speed of light.,D. Nuclear energy and electromagnetism.,Do the quiz to see how much you know about Albert Einstein. In his effort to discover the governing laws of the universe, Einstein tried to find a mathematical relationship between two natural forces. What are they? _,Albert Einstein Quiz,BR_Background _ 2. Albert Einstein-QuizD,D,A. Electromagnetism and gravitation.,B. Fission（裂變）and gravity.,C. Electricity and the speed of light.,D. Nuclear energy and electromagnetism.,Do the quiz to see how much you know about Albert Einstein. In his effort to discover the governing laws of the universe, Einstein tried to find a mathematical relationship between two natural forces. What are they? _,Albert Einstein Quiz,BR_Background _2. Albert Einstein-Monologue,Albert Einstein (18791955) I was born in Ulm, Germany in 1879. As you may know, 1905 was a big year for me. Thats when I turned the world upside down, at least for scientists, with several new ideas. I proposed that space and time had to be looked at in a whole new way - that Newtons view of space and time was inaccurate. These ideas became known as the special theory of relativity and introduced the equation E=mc2. Ten years later I presented the general theory of relativity. The general theory showed that gravity is not a force, as Newton had thought. It is instead a curvature（曲率） of the space-time continuum.,Monologue,BR_Background _Albert Einste,Albert Einstein (18971955),1. Quiz about Einstein,2. Monologue of Einstein,3. Do you know?,BR_Background- 2. Albert Einstein -Do You Know?-1,Einstein could not find a job in physics upon graduating from college, and became a technical assistant in the Swiss Patent Office. He worked on theoretical physics in his spare time.,Do You Know?,2. Einstein did not receive a Nobel Prize for his theory of relativity.,3. Einstein immediately left Germany for the United States following Hitlers rise to power.,BR_Background-3. Do You Know?-2,4. Einstein spent much of his later career searching for a unified field theory, but was unsuccessful.,Do You Know?,5. Einstein declined the presidency of the state of Israel when it was offered to him in 1952 by state leaders.,6. The element einsteinium（锿）, discovered in 1952, was named in honor of Albert Einstein.,BR_Background-3.Frankenstein,This is a horror film about a doctor who builds a monster out of dead body parts and brings it to life using electricity, based on the novel by Mary,Frankenstein,Shelley.,Global Reading,1. Chart Completion,2. Part Division of the Text,For Part I Questions and Answers,For Part 2 Skimming,For Part 3 True or False,GR_Main,3. Further Understanding,1. Chart Completion,GR_1. Chart Completion,shorter,longer,no,yes,no,longer,yes,Simple or compound sentences?,Any passive voice?,Any dialogue?,Any 3rd-person narrator?,Fill in the chart by comparing the first 10 lines of both All the Cabbie Had Was a Letter and Public Attitudes toward Science to see the style differences between narration and exposition.,2. Part Division of the Text,GR_2. Part Division of the Text,132,3362,6967,1,2,3,The public needs education in science so as to make informed decisions on their own fate.,The ways to educate the public are detailed.,Human civilization will survive if the public understands science well.,Parts,Lines,Main Ideas,GR_3. Further Understanding part1-1,1.What is the attitude of some people towards the changes brought about by science and technology?,3. Further Understanding For Part I Questions and Answers,2.What was life like before science and technology began to change our way of life?,Some people would like to stop these changes and go back to what they see as a purer and simpler age.,For the vast majority of the population, life was nasty, brutish, and short.,GR_3. Further Understanding part1-2,3.What would happen if all government money for research were cut off?,3. Further Understanding For Part I Questions and Answers,4.Is it possible to prevent science and technology from further development? Why or why not?,The force of competition would still bring about advances in technology if all government money for research were cut off.,No. The only way to prevent further developments would be a global state that suppressed anything new, and human initiative and inventiveness are such that even this would not succeed.,GR_3. Further Understanding For Part 2 Skimming,Skim part 2 to find out a mini-exposition. Topic sentence: How to educate the public in science?,3. Further Understanding For Part 2 Skimming,Supporting point 1:,science education in schools,Supporting point 2:,Supporting point 3:,making use of popular media such as newspapers, magazines and above all TV,replacing equations with words and diagrams,1.Our civilization is more advanced than other alien civilizations according to the joke.,GR_3. Further _For Part 3 True or False,3. Further Understanding For Part 3 True or False,T,( ),2.We have not been contacted by an alien civilization because of the insufficient development of the science and technology.,3.The author has had sufficient evidence to prove that the joke is wrong.,F,F,( ),( ),GR_3. Further _For Part 3 True or False,1.Our civilization is more advanced than other alien civilizations according to the joke.,3. Further Understanding For Part 3 True or False,( ),2.We have not been contacted by an alien civilization because of the insufficient development of the science and technology.,3.The author has had sufficient evidence to prove that the joke is wrong.,F,F,( ),( ),GR_3. Further _For Part 3 True or False,1.Our civilization is more advanced than other alien civilizations according to the joke.,3. Further Understanding For Part 3 True or False,T,( ),2.We have not been contacted by an alien civilization because of the insufficient development of the science and technology.,3.The author has had sufficient evidence to prove that the joke is wrong.,F,( ),F,( ),After Reading,1. Antonyms,2. Useful Expressions,3. Summary Writing,AR_Main,4. Interview,5. Dictation,7. Proverbs and Quotations,6. Writing Practice,AR_1. Antonyms,Antonyms,1.minority 2.nasty 3.global 4.informed 5.relevant,majority,6.qualitative 7.sufficient 8.responsible 9.likely 10.precise,quantitative,pleasant,local,uninformed,irrelevant,insufficient,irresponsible,unlikely,imprecise,Try to find out the antonyms of the following words, sometimes by adding affixes.,Useful Expressions,1. 在過去的一百年間,in the last hundred years,2. 回到,3. 享有特權(quán)的少數(shù)人,4. 當(dāng)今政府,5. 基礎(chǔ)科學(xué),go back to,a privileged minority,the present government,basic science,AR_2.Useful Expressions-1,Useful Expressions,6. 全球政府,a global state,7. 民主社會(huì),8. 作出明達(dá)的決定,9. 生活水準(zhǔn),10. 卡通人物,a democratic society,make informed decisions,the standard of living,cartoon figures,AR_2.Useful Expressions-2,Useful Expressions,15. 基因工程,genetic engineering,11. 科幻小說,12. 酸雨,13. 溫室效應(yīng),14. 核武器,science fictions,acid rain,greenhouse effect,nuclear weapons,AR_2.Useful Expressions-3,Useful Expressions,16. 死記硬背,learn by rote,17. 使銷量減半,18. 分子生物學(xué),19. 外星文明,20. 對(duì)充滿信心,halve the sales,molecular biology,alien civilization,have sufficient faith in,AR_2.Useful Expressions-4,AR_3.Summary Writing,Science and technology （已帶來了巨大的變化） to the world we live in in the last hundred years. （如何保證） that the changes are in the right directions? Clearly, the public needs （科學(xué)教育） so as to （作出明智的決定） on their own fate. Schools are important, especially if science is taught （以一種有趣的方式） , and scientific concepts are expressed （用文字和圖表來表達(dá)） . At the same time, we need （充分利用） popular media such as newspapers, magazines and above all TV to（了解最新的發(fā)展） . Human civilization can survive if the public understands science well.,Summary Writing,education,make informed decisions,have brought,great changes,in an interesting manner,in the form,put across the latest developments,full use of,How to ensure,in science,of words and,_,_,_,_,_,AR_4. Interview-1,Suppose you are Professor Zhang, who is in charge of a project of cloning only the best and brightest of the human race, and your partner is the host of Tell It like It Is (實(shí)話實(shí)說), a popular TV program concerning hot issues of current affairs and social topics. The interview may cover the following topics.,Interview,AR_4. Interview-2,Which qualities would you look for when selecting your cloning subjects? Would you be doing a disservice（有害的行為） to the human race by undertaking this project? Why or why not? Medical procedures that were once considered unethical, such as transplanting hearts and fertilizing human eggs in laboratories, are now relatively common. On the other hand, some scientific projects that appeared clear-cut (清晰的) at first (e