定語從句考點及難點解析.ppt

,模擬訓(xùn)練 動動腦？ 1.The exam, _was originally to be held in our classroom, was changed to the library at the last minute. (廣州一模) 2 Then I went to the department store_ I worked part-time and bought her an expensive gift box of Sichuan beef. （廣州一模） 3. It was a poem about me, _included the time （深圳一模） 4. At the same time, there had been a growing number of overseas students _came back to China after study. （茂名一模） 5. More and more Chinese students go abroad for study, _ is supported by the Chinese government. （茂名一模）,which,where,which,who,which,思考:名從和定從的引導(dǎo)詞一樣嗎？,1. 引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞沒有what, whatever, however對嗎？ 2. That 在名詞性從句和定語從句中的不同？ 3. 定語從句和同位語從句的不同？ 4. 定從的難點在那里？,1.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用 2.that 和which 3.對the way 和where的考察 4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞 5.as的運用 6.綜合考察,考點,難點,常考點和難點歸納,考點一: 如何判斷用關(guān)系副詞還是關(guān)系代詞?,選用定語從句的關(guān)系詞時，需注意兩點： 1.先行詞 2.關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?做主語，賓語，定語用,做狀語用,關(guān)系代詞,關(guān)系副詞,請指出關(guān)系代詞/副詞在定語從句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ),主語 賓語 定語 賓語,5. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never forget the days when we lived together. ( ),定語 介賓 賓語 狀語,I will never forget the day _ I first went to school. I will never forget the day _ we spent in Beijing. The house _ we visited is being repaired now. The house _ Luxun once lived is being repaired now.,when,(which/that),(which/that),where,1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand? 2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in _ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise， _ brought her heart into her mouth.,that,that,that,which,which,考點2：that 與 which,以下情況，引導(dǎo)詞用that，不用which。 1. 先行詞為不定代詞everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。(something 除外） e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. *先行詞被 all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修飾時也用that. eg: All the things that can be done has been done. 2. 先行詞前有形容詞最高級、序數(shù)詞修飾時，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read. 3. 先行詞被the only，the very，the last 修飾時，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行詞同時指人和指物時，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定語從句內(nèi)容為解釋名詞的性質(zhì)、概念時，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly. 6. Who is the man that is talking to Jim?,which的用法,Which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句，其先 行詞可是一個詞,也可是整個主句或主 句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, _ _brought her heart into her mouth. 2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.,which,which,Anyone _breaks the law is punished. Those _ break the law are punished. He _ breaks the law is punished.,在anyone, those, he/she/I / they作先行詞時, 用”who” 代替 “that”.,補充：that 與who的區(qū)別,who,who,who,補充：定語從句中主謂一致問題 定語從句中的動詞在人稱和數(shù)方面應(yīng)該與它的先行詞保持一致。 1.I am not one who _afraid of difficulty 2.Don t choose me, who _not fit for this job,is,am,填上合適的關(guān)系詞并分析原因： 1.The way _he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _he explained to us was quite simple.,that/ which/不填,that/in which/不填,缺狀語,缺賓語,考點3：the way用做先行詞,1. Ive come to the point where I cant stand him. 2. The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.,我已經(jīng)到了無法容忍他的地步了。,國家正處在隨時有可能爆發(fā)戰(zhàn)爭的局勢中。,where引導(dǎo)的定語從句先行詞大多數(shù)情況下是表示地點的名詞，但也有特殊情況。,難點：一些特殊詞之后的where,解析：如果定語從句分別修飾point, situation, condition和case等表示抽象意義的詞，常用where 引導(dǎo)，意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中” 。,Translation: 1.Gragually we came to the point where we have different opinions. 2.He is now in a difficult situation where he is likely to lose his job. 3.They tried to set up a state of their own, where they would be treated equally. 4.I just want to get a job where I can be greatly valued.,Filling blanks:介詞+whom/which e.g. 1. In the dark street, there wasnt a single person she could turn for help. 2. He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows, most hadnt been cleaned for at least a year.,to whom,of which,1.根據(jù)從句中動詞與先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系，請體會： e.g. Is that the newspaper for which you often write articles? 2. 根據(jù)從句中動詞或形容詞的習(xí)慣搭配，如： e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms about which Im sure.,考點4：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定,3. 根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配習(xí)慣，請體會： e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. 4.非限制性定與從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時，可用“數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，如： e.g. There are 50 students in our class, two-thirds of whom have been to Beijing.,5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ of +關(guān)系代詞”型，如： e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.,They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of which open to the south.,Is this the watch that you are looking for? The old man whom I am looking after is better .,在固定短語中介詞不能提前,下面兩句中的介詞能提前嗎?,1. Do you like the book _she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book _she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book _ she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book _ she often talks?,on which,for which,from which,about which,練習(xí): 介詞+關(guān)系代詞的使用,3. _ is known to all, he is the best student. 4. Jim passed the driving test, _ surprised everybody in the office.,As,which,考點五:asthatwhich 1. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift. 2. It is such a big stone _ nobody can lift it.,as,that,歸納：as引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句先行詞前常被such, the same, so, as 修飾，即構(gòu)成suchas , the same as, soas, 結(jié)構(gòu)，做題時容易忽略。as在定語從句中應(yīng)充當(dāng)成分如：主語、賓語或表語。 as 與which引導(dǎo)定語從句都能指代整句內(nèi)容，但定語從句位于句首時，只能用 as, 意為“正如、恰如”。,The earth is round._ is known to all. The earth is round,_ is known to all. _ is known to all, the earth is round _ is known to all that the earth is round.,It,which / as,As,It,as 具有正如之意，與之搭配的動詞一般是固定的，如： as you know/ as you see/as we planned/ as we expected .,wherethat 1.This is the library_I borrowed the book. 2.It is from this library_I borrowed the book.,where,that,綜合考查一：定語從句與強調(diào)句,難點三.綜合考查,近年來，高考對定語從句和其它從句如：強調(diào)句、名詞性從句和狀語從句等的綜合考查越來越多，這就要求考生有扎實的基礎(chǔ)知識和較強的綜合分析能力。,友情提示,綜合考查二：定語從句與同位語從句,1. We all have heard the news_ our team won. 2. We dont believe the news _ he told us yesterday.,that,that/which,that/which,考察三：非限制性定語從句和單句的比較,2.He failed in the exam._ made his parents angry. 3.He failed in the exam, _made his parents angry.,4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. 5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.,This,which,whom,them, that,1.I am reading Harry Porter, _is an interesting book.,which,考察四(作文)：定語從句可縮略為短語： 1、 縮略為分詞短語 例如： I know the men(who are )sitting in that . 2、縮略為形容詞短語 例如： We said goodbye to Mrs. Long, (who was) still busy at her chores. 3縮略為名詞短語,構(gòu)成同位語 例如： You should have a talk with Mr. Worth , (who is )the adviser to students. 4縮略為介詞短語 例如： The company wants men who have experience. The company wants men with experience. 5、縮略為動詞不定式短詞 例如： You need someone who can look after the baby. You need someone to look after the baby.,考點與難點歸納,1.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的選用 2.that 和which 3.對the way 和where的考察 4.介詞+關(guān)系代詞 5.as的運用 6.綜合考察,考點,難點,Homework： 1. Make some sentences using The Attributive Clause. 2. Find out the difference between The Attributive Clause and The Adverbial Clause.,模擬訓(xùn)練 ：,1. He is such a lazy man_ nobody wants to work with_. A. as; him B. that; / C. as; / D. whom; him 2. Mrs. Black took the police back to_ place _ she witnessed the robbery. A. the same; as B. the same; where C. the same ; that D. as the same; as,Correct the sentences:,1. Im using the pen which he bought it yesterday. 2. Is that factory which your father once worked in? 3. The man whom I spoke is from Canada. 4. July 1,1999 is the day when well never forget.,_,(去掉),which,_,to,the one,Correct the sentences:,5. I still remember the holidays I stayed with them. 6. Im going to work in the hospital where needs me. 7. Those that havent been to the West Lake will gather at the school gate. 8. I dont like the way which you talked to your friend.,in,when,_,who,_,(that/which),Correct the sentences:,9.This is the last time when Ive given you lessons. 10. Soon they came to a farm house,and in front of which sat a small boy. 11. We heard the news which our team won the game. 12. The reason which he explained it sounds reasonable.,_,that,_,that,_,why,it,_,13. Those a