全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程4Unit1-6課文背誦與翻譯加填空.docx

全新版大學(xué)英語(yǔ)綜合教程4Unit1-6課文背誦與翻譯加填空Unit11 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow - the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter.2 In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitlers military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers.1812年，法國(guó)皇帝拿破侖波拿巴率大軍入侵俄羅斯。他準(zhǔn)備好俄羅斯人民會(huì)為保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)而奮勇抵抗。他準(zhǔn)備好在俄羅斯廣袤的國(guó)土上要經(jīng)過長(zhǎng)途跋涉才能進(jìn)軍首都莫斯科。但他沒有料到在莫斯科他會(huì)遭遇勁敵俄羅斯陰冷凄苦的寒冬。1941年，納粹德國(guó)元首阿道夫希特勒進(jìn)攻當(dāng)時(shí)被稱作蘇聯(lián)的俄羅斯。希特勒的軍事實(shí)力堪稱無(wú)敵。他的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)機(jī)器掃除了歐洲絕大部分地區(qū)的抵抗。希特勒希望速戰(zhàn)速?zèng)Q，但是，就像在他之前的拿破侖一樣，他得到的是痛苦的教訓(xùn)。仍是俄羅斯的冬天助了蘇維埃士兵一臂之力。Unit27 Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is unlikely to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from orbiting satellites can locate your car precisely at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your location on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any given time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite contains four atomic clocks, which vibrate at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.8 As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio signal that can be detected by a receiver in a cars computer. The cars computer can then calculate how far the satellite is by measuring how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receiving the satellites signal can be converted into a distance.開車最頭疼的兩大麻煩是迷路和交通堵塞。雖然計(jì)算機(jī)革命不可能徹底解決這兩個(gè)問題，但卻會(huì)帶來(lái)積極的影響。你汽車上與繞軌道運(yùn)行的衛(wèi)星發(fā)出的無(wú)線電信號(hào)調(diào)諧的傳感器能隨時(shí)精確地確定你汽車的方位，并告知交通阻塞情況。我們已經(jīng)有24顆環(huán)繞地球運(yùn)行的導(dǎo)航衛(wèi)星，組成了人們所說(shuō)的全球衛(wèi)星定位系統(tǒng)。通過這些衛(wèi)星我們有可能以小于100英尺的誤差確定你在地球上的方位。在任何一個(gè)特定時(shí)間，總有若干顆全球定位系統(tǒng)的衛(wèi)星在11000英里的高空繞地球運(yùn)行。每顆衛(wèi)星都裝有4個(gè)“原子鐘”，它們根據(jù)量子理論法則，以精確的頻率振動(dòng)衛(wèi)星從高空經(jīng)過時(shí)發(fā)出能被汽車上計(jì)算機(jī)里的接收器辨認(rèn)的無(wú)線電信號(hào)。汽車上的計(jì)算機(jī)就會(huì)根據(jù)信號(hào)傳來(lái)所花的時(shí)間計(jì)算出衛(wèi)星有多遠(yuǎn)。由于光速為人熟知，接收衛(wèi)星信號(hào)時(shí)的任何時(shí)間遲緩都能折算出距離的遠(yuǎn)近。Unit32 When a recent college graduate came into my office not too long ago looking for a sales job, I asked him what he had done to prepare for the interview. He said hed read something about us somewhere.不久前一個(gè)新近畢業(yè)的大學(xué)生到我辦公室謀求一份銷售工作。我問他為這次面試做過哪些準(zhǔn)備。他說(shuō)他在什么地方看到過有關(guān)本公司的一些情況。3 Had he called anyone at Mackay Envelope Corporation to find out more about us? No. Had he called our suppliers? Our customers? No.他有沒有給麥凱信封公司的人打過電話，好了解更多有關(guān)我們的情況？沒打過。他有沒有給我們的供應(yīng)廠商打過電話？還有我們的客戶？都沒有。4 Had he checked with his university to see if there were any graduates working at Mackay whom he could interview? Had he asked any friends to grill him in a mock interview? Did he go to the library to find newspaper clippings on us?5 Did he write a letter beforehand to tell us about himself, what he was doing to prepare for the interview and why hed be right for the job? Was he planning to follow up the interview with another letter indicating his eagerness to join us? Would the letter be in our hands within 24 hours of the meeting, possibly even hand-delivered? 6 The answer to every question was the same: no. That left me with only one other question: How well prepared would this person be if he were to call on a prospective customer for us? I already knew the answer.他可曾在就讀的大學(xué)里查問過有沒有校友在本公司就職，以便向他們了解一些情況?他可曾請(qǐng)朋友向他提問，對(duì)他進(jìn)行模擬面試？可曾去圖書館查找過有關(guān)本公司的剪報(bào)？他事先有沒有寫封信來(lái)介紹自己，告訴我們自己為這次面試在做哪些準(zhǔn)備，自己何以能勝任此項(xiàng)工作？面試之后他是否打算再寫一封信，表明自己加盟本公司的誠(chéng)意？這封信會(huì)不會(huì)在面試后的24小時(shí)之內(nèi)送到我們手上，也許甚至是親自送來(lái)？他對(duì)上述每一個(gè)問題的回答全都一樣：沒有。這樣我就只剩一個(gè)問題要問了：如果此人代表本公司去見可能成為我們客戶的人，他準(zhǔn)備工作會(huì)做得怎樣？答案不言自明。Unit4Unit51 For thirty years now I have been studying my fellowmen. I do not know very much about them. I shrug my shoulders when people tell me that their first impressions of a person are always right. I think they must have small insight or great vanity. For my own part I find that the longer I know people the more they puzzle me.三十年來(lái)，我一直研究我的人類同胞，但至今了解不多。每當(dāng)有人跟我說(shuō)他對(duì)一個(gè)人的第一次印象向來(lái)不錯(cuò)的時(shí)候，我就聳聳肩。我想這種人不是無(wú)知，就是自大。拿我自己來(lái)說(shuō)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)，認(rèn)識(shí)一個(gè)人的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)，我就越感到困惑。2 These reflections have occurred to me because I read in this mornings paper that Edward Hyde Burton had died at Kobe. He was a merchant and he had been in business in Japan for many years. I knew him very little, but he interested me because once he gave me a great surprise. Unless I had heard the story from his own lips, I should never have believed that he was capable of such an action. It was more startling because both in appearance and manner he suggested a very definite type. Here if ever was a man all of a piece. He was a tiny little fellow, not much more than five feet four in height, and very slender, with white hair, a red face much wrinkled, and blue eyes. I suppose he was about sixty when I knew him. He was always neatly and quietly dressed in accordance with his age and station.我產(chǎn)生這些想法，是因?yàn)槲以诮裉煸缟系膱?bào)紙上看到愛德華海德伯頓在神戶去世的消息。他是個(gè)商人，在日本經(jīng)商多年。我跟他并不熟，但是對(duì)他挺有興趣，因?yàn)橛幸淮嗡屛掖蟪砸惑@。要不是聽他親口講述這個(gè)故事，我根本不會(huì)相信他能做出這種事來(lái)。這件事之所以特別令人驚訝，是因?yàn)闊o(wú)論是外表還是風(fēng)度，他都讓人想到一種非常明確的類型。要說(shuō)真有表里如一的人的話，那就是此公了。他個(gè)子很小，身高不過5英尺4英寸，身材纖細(xì)，白頭發(fā)、藍(lán)眼睛，紅紅的臉上布滿皺紋。我估計(jì)自己認(rèn)識(shí)他時(shí)，他大約有60歲光景。他向來(lái)衣著整潔素雅，合乎他的年齡和身份。3 Though his offices were in Kobe, Burton often came down to Yokohama. I happened on one occasion to be spending a few days there, waiting for a ship, and I was introduced to him at the British Club. We played bridge together. He played a good game and a generous one. He did not talk very much, either then or later when we were having drinks, but what he said was sensible. He had a quiet, dry humor. He seemed to be popular at the club and afterwards, when he had gone, they described him as one of the best. It happened that we were both staying at the Grand Hotel and next day he asked me to dine with him. I met his wife, fat, elderly, and smiling, and his two daughters. It was evidently a united and affectionate family. 伯頓的辦事處設(shè)在神戶，但他常常到橫濱來(lái)。有一次，我正好因?yàn)榈却?，要在那里呆幾天，在英?guó)俱樂部經(jīng)人介紹與他相識(shí)。我們?cè)谝黄鹜鏄蚺啤Ｋ虻貌诲e(cuò)，牌風(fēng)也好。無(wú)論在玩牌的時(shí)候，還是在后來(lái)一起喝酒的時(shí)候，他的話都不多，但說(shuō)的話卻都合情合理。他挺幽默，但并不咋呼。他在俱樂部里似乎人緣不錯(cuò)，后來(lái)，在他走了以后，人家都說(shuō)他是個(gè)頂呱呱的人。事有湊巧，我們倆都住在格蘭德大酒店。第二天他請(qǐng)我吃飯。我見到了他的太太一位肥肥胖胖、滿面笑容的半老婦人和他的兩個(gè)女兒。這顯然是和睦恩愛的一家人。I think the chief thing that struck me about Burton was his kindliness. There was something very pleasing in his mild blue eyes. His voice was gentle; you could not imagine that he could possibly raise it in anger; his smile was benign. Here was a man who attracted you because you felt in him a real love for his fellows. At the same time he liked his game of cards and his cocktail, he could tell with point a good and spicy story, and in his youth he had been something of an athlete. He was a rich man and he had made every penny himself. I suppose one thing that made you like him was that he was so small and frail; he aroused your instincts of protection. You felt that he could not bear to hurt a fly. 我想，伯頓當(dāng)時(shí)給我印象最深的主要還是他這個(gè)人和善。他那雙溫和的藍(lán)眼睛有種令人愉快的神情。他說(shuō)話的聲音輕柔；你無(wú)法想象他會(huì)提高嗓門大發(fā)雷霆；他的笑容和藹可親。這個(gè)人吸引你，是因?yàn)槟銖乃砩细械剿麑?duì)別人的真正的愛。同時(shí)他也喜歡玩牌，喝雞尾酒，他能繪聲繪色地講個(gè)來(lái)勁兒的段子什么的，他年輕時(shí)多少還是個(gè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員呢。他是個(gè)闊佬，但他的每一個(gè)便士都是自己掙來(lái)的。我想，人們喜歡他還有一個(gè)原因，那就是他非常瘦小、脆弱，容易引起人們的惻隱之心。你覺得他甚至連只螞蟻都不忍傷害。Unit624 As Godbey points out, the stress we feel arises not from a shortage of time, but from the surfeit of things we try to cram into it. Its the kid in the candy store, he says. Theres just so many good things to do. The array of choices is stunning. Our free time is increasing, but not as fast as our sense of the necessary.正如戈德比所指出的，我們的緊張感并非源于時(shí)間短缺，而是因?yàn)槲覀冊(cè)噲D在一個(gè)個(gè)時(shí)段中塞入過多的內(nèi)容。“就像糖果店里的孩子，”他說(shuō)，“有那么多美好的事情要做。選擇之多，令人眼花繚亂。我們的空余時(shí)間在增加，但其速度跟不上我們心中日益增多的必須做的事?！?5 A more successful remedy may lie in understanding the problem rather than evading it.26 Before the industrial revolution, people lived in s