法律翻譯筆記.doc

_法律翻譯筆記（一）房屋租賃 property tenancy預(yù)租 pre-leasing法定代表人 legal representative股權(quán) equity interestpurpose and business scope 宗旨及經(jīng)營范圍contribution 認繳（資本）non-compete(non-competition) 不競爭（協(xié)議條款）deadlock/impasse 僵局（條款）interim meeting 臨時會議early termination 提前終止（協(xié)議等）fair market value 公平市價without regard to its conflict of laws provisions(OR without reference to conflicts of law principles)（但）排除沖突法的適用waiver 棄權(quán)headings 標題subject to PRC laws 受中國法律約束（二）Agreement for Acquiring Increased Registered Capital 認購增資協(xié)議Conditions Precedent （交易等的）先決條件without cause 無理由to the best knowledge of 就所知encumber (property, etc.) 對（財產(chǎn)等）設(shè)定他方權(quán)利time is of the essence 時間是關(guān)鍵要素意向書 letter of intent多功能（地產(chǎn)） multi-purpose綜合性（物業(yè)等） complex土地使用權(quán) land use right合作經(jīng)營公司 Contractual/Cooperative Joint Venture （CJV）合資經(jīng)營公司 Equity Joint Venture (EJV)盡力 use its best efforts促使 cause.to.預(yù)租 pre-completion (NOT pre-leasing)許可證 permit (NOT approval)可以對抗第三人 be good against any claims made by any third party商品房 commercial/condominium (NOT commodity house)尾款 final payment業(yè)主 owner法律翻譯Tips# 法律文件中列舉項目的最后一項前的or或and表示充分或必要的邏輯關(guān)系，不可略譯。（三）in consideration of. 作為的對價e.g. In consideration of the performance of its obligations hereunder, the Contractor shall be entitled to receive from the Project Price;作為發(fā)行其在本合同項下義務(wù)的對價，承包商應(yīng)有權(quán)向收取工程款；in form and substance 形式和內(nèi)容上losses and damages 滅失與損害notwithstanding the foregoing 盡管有前述規(guī)定without limiting the generality of. 在不限制普遍性的情況下create a mortgage or charge over. 在上設(shè)立抵押或質(zhì)押call an interim Board meeting 召集董事會臨時會議withhold ones consent 不給予同意（優(yōu)于“保留其同意”）qualified 有資質(zhì)的（評估師、會計師等）to appraise the company as a going concern 按繼續(xù)經(jīng)營的狀況評估公司set forth 列明Miscellaneous （合同條款）其他（事項）subject matter （所議）事項（非“標的”）non-disclosure 不披露any other matters not expressly stated herein 本合同未盡事宜expatriates (expats) 外籍員工（從外國來本國工作，而非從本國去外國工作）claim 1)一般意義：索賠；2）在專利或許可合同以及很多其他法律文件中，意為“權(quán)利主張”parent 在法律文件中如無特指，均指“母公司”，千萬不可譯為“父母”（曾經(jīng)犯過一次糊涂）subject to Article * hereof 受本合同第條約束（四）premises 場地facilities 場地；工廠credit note 貸記通知單in substantially the same form as. 格式與實質(zhì)一致substantially the same in all material respects 在所有重大方面實質(zhì)相同create.obligation 設(shè)立義務(wù)this Section 14 本第14條（“本”字勿省略）compensatory damages 損害性賠償金caused their duly authorized representatives to 促使其正式授權(quán)代表offer/counter-offer 要約/反要約（見于Agency Agreement）(NOT 發(fā)盤/還盤)closing 交割（多見于股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓、資產(chǎn)購買合同中）e.g. closing day 交割日 pre-closing matters 交割前事項The remainder of this page is intentionally left blank 本頁以下無正文（簽字頁見下頁）jointly and severally as 一并和單獨作為（NOT 連帶責(zé)任）e.g. 在股權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓協(xié)議中的一方：jointly and severally as Transferees一并和單獨作為“受讓方”imposed changes 被迫變更in good faith 善意（NOT 誠信）costs and expenses 成本和費用amendment to amended and restated. 修訂及重述本controlling, controlled by or under common control with. 控制，受控制或與共同受另一（實體）控制的yyunjust enrichment 不當?shù)美鸗his contract shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with PRC law. 本合同受中國法律管轄，并依中國法律解釋。（五）subject to. 在遵守的前提下（不建議譯為“根據(jù)”）upon termination of.一旦終止（優(yōu)于“在終止時”）changing of the shareholdings 股權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu)變更(非“持股比例變化”)beneficially owned 實益擁有beneficial owner 實益擁有人officers現(xiàn)譯高級職員（原譯“管理人員”）diminution of goodwill 商譽下降 (非“善意減少”)on the face of this Agreement 在本協(xié)議首頁work product 工作成果severance pay upon termination (of employment contract) （勞動合同）終止時的經(jīng)濟補償post-employment離職/卸任后（非“雇用后”） release. to. (account)解付到（指定賬戶等）sibling 兄弟姐妹brothers-in-law and sisters-in-law配偶的兄弟姐妹和兄弟姐妹的配偶credit facility(ies) 信貸融通e.g. short-term credit facilities.in moderate Hong Kong Dollar eight-figure range金額在八位數(shù)港元范圍內(nèi)的短期信貸融通Provincial Bureau of Commerce省商務(wù)廳（注意這里的bureau應(yīng)根據(jù)上下文譯成“廳”，而非通常意義的“局”）a highly-valued customer 極為重要的客戶信函中的Re:現(xiàn)譯為事由，原譯為“關(guān)于”subject matter 現(xiàn)譯為標的，原譯“所議事項”writ of attachment or possesseion 扣押令或管有令full cashless exercise method (in stock option incentive) 無現(xiàn)金全部行權(quán)方式（期權(quán)獎勵）underlying 相關(guān)的e.g. underlying shares 相關(guān)股份encumbrances 現(xiàn)譯產(chǎn)權(quán)負擔(dān)，原譯“權(quán)利障礙”（六）writ of attachment or possession 扣押令或管有令full cashless exercise method (in stock option incentive program) 無現(xiàn)金全部行權(quán)方式underlying 相關(guān)的 e.g. underlying shares 相關(guān)股份unless. 除非否則（為表明邏輯關(guān)系，否則不可?。﹍and parcel 地塊owned property 自有不動產(chǎn)outstanding amounts 未償款項outstanding guarantees 未償擔(dān)保系列產(chǎn)品 product linese.g. 系列產(chǎn)品 product lines covering.on-sale 轉(zhuǎn)售（法律英語中的特定用法，不能譯為“促銷”）completion 交割；成交 e.g. completion date 成交日fully discharged 全部清償for the avoidance of doubt 為避免疑義representation and warranty 聲明和保證 （原譯“陳述和保證”）ancillary contract 配套合同contemplated 擬議的（原譯“預(yù)期的”）e.g. the transaction contemplated by this contract 本合同擬議的交易deed of non-compete undertakings 不競爭承諾契據(jù)in respect of 就而言remedies 補救（或譯“救濟措施”）in ones capacity as 以身份e.g. in his capacity as the Vendor （*）以賣方身份so far as practicable 在實際可行的范圍內(nèi)without affecting the generality of the foregoing. 在不影響上述一般性規(guī)定的前提下（原譯“普遍性”）then in effect 屆時有效（不譯為“當時”）prevailing 屆時的（不譯為“通行的”）at the time 屆時（不譯為“目前”）financial instrument 金融工具（不可誤譯為“財務(wù)報表”）sub-licensee 被分許可人（不譯為“分被許可人”）（七）pursuant to 除常用的“依據(jù)”之意外，還可根據(jù)上下文作“在之后”解。innure to the benefit of 對有利 or 有利于（優(yōu)于“及于的利益”）hereby 特此（原譯“在此”）net of 扣除（有時譯“不含”） e.g. net of returns 扣除退貨（NOT “凈收入”）represent XXX company in XXX (matter) 就XXX（事項）擔(dān)任XXX（公司）的律師代表advise XXX company on XXX 就XXX（事項）為XXX（公司）提供法律咨詢服務(wù)entirely independent of the forum in which this Agreement or any part hereof may come up for construction, interpretation or enforcement無論本協(xié)議或其任何部分在哪一管轄地進行詮釋、解釋或執(zhí)行 （關(guān)于carbon credit）carbon credit 碳排放額度Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) 清潔發(fā)展機制Certified Emissions Reduction (CERs) 核證減排量Emission Reduction Purchase Agreement (ERPA) 減排量購買協(xié)議prepayment 在貸款協(xié)議中譯“提前還款”，而不是“預(yù)付款”advances 放款（NOT “預(yù)支款”）the next item of business before the meeting 會議上討論的下一事項 （此處before=at，不可譯“之前”）promissory fraud 票據(jù)欺詐（NOT “約定欺詐”）necessary or desirable 必需或可取的incidental or consequential damages 附帶或后果性的損害賠償indirec, special, punitive or exemplary damages 間接、特別、懲罰性或懲戒性的損害賠償predictated on = based on 基于，依據(jù)factual predicate 事實認定fail of their essential purpose 未實現(xiàn)其基本目的service mark 服務(wù)標志trade name 商號 （NOT “商品名稱”）publicity 宣傳press release 新聞稿reportable transaction 應(yīng)申報交易 （優(yōu)于“可報告交易”）Exhibit A attached hereto and incorporated herein by this reference 附件A（經(jīng)此處提及并納入本協(xié)議）free and clear of any encumbrances, charges, liens or other rights or claims 不含有任何產(chǎn)權(quán)負擔(dān)、抵押、留置權(quán)或其他權(quán)利或權(quán)利要求validity, construction and performance of this Contract 本合同的效力、釋義和履行all the paid-in registerred capital 全部已繳付注冊資本errors or omissions 錯誤或疏忽gross negligence 重大過失willful misconduct 故意不當行為 （優(yōu)于 “有意”）successor and permitted assigns 繼承人和獲準受讓人effect of termination 終止效力to the extent permitted by law 在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)inreparable harm 不可彌補的傷害organization chart 組織結(jié)構(gòu)圖（八）may be subject to 可能會發(fā)生in sbs sole reasonable discretion XX自行合理認定（不譯“全權(quán)”）act upon sth 依行事（不譯“行動”）invoice date 賬單日期（不譯“開票日期”）(use the software) in a service bureau or time sharing arrangement 在外包服務(wù)機構(gòu)或分時安排中（使用軟件）identified 指明為（不譯“認定為”或“確定為”）uses the same degree of care in safeguarding such information as it uses for its own information of like importance 對此等信息加以審慎保護，如同保護其自身同等重要的信息一樣applicable 相關(guān)的（“適用法律”除外）registration statement 注冊說明書automatically renew for additional one year periods 逐年自動續(xù)期一年receiver （破產(chǎn)）財產(chǎn)管理人（不譯“接收人”）supporting documentation 輔助文檔（不譯“證明文件”）all jurisdictional and venue defences 所有管轄權(quán)及審判地抗辯overnight courier service 次日快遞服務(wù)（不譯“隔夜快遞”）independent contractor 獨立締約方（不譯“承包商”）couterparts 復(fù)本（不譯“副本”）current income tax liabilities 當期所得稅負債being an office or record （作為）官方登記機構(gòu)net of 扣除（不譯“不含”）This Agreement shall be executed in English and Chinese 本協(xié)議簽署中英文文本（不譯“本協(xié)議應(yīng)以英文和中文簽署”）the presiding arbitrator shall not be a current or former national of either the USA or the PRC 首席仲裁員目前和過去的國籍均不得為美國或中國國籍（不譯“首席仲裁員不得為美國或中國的現(xiàn)國民或前國民”）damages 損害賠償liquidated damages 預(yù)定違約金non-compete 競業(yè)禁止/不競爭incorporated 注冊成立（不譯“設(shè)立”）as defined below 定義見下文（不譯“如下文定義”）xxx percent of fully paid-in registered capital interest in the Company 目標公司全部實繳注冊資本百分之XXX的權(quán)益operating company 運營公司use its (his/her, etc.) best efforts 盡其最大努力pay in lieu of notice 支付代通知金term sheet 條款書（其他譯法：原則性條款、主要條款等）turnaround 重組vis-avis 面對 e.g. obligations vis-avis xxx 對XXX的義務(wù)xxx(e.g. rep office)operate under xxx (e.g. FICE)= operate under the name of 以名義從事經(jīng)營right of attribution 署名權(quán)mutual termination contract/agreement 共同終止合同/協(xié)議mandatory general offer 強制性全面要約（公司收購）technical expertise and know-how 專門技術(shù)知識和訣竅expertise and experience 專業(yè)知識和經(jīng)驗grossed up 返計還原insurance portfolios 保險業(yè)務(wù)provisions 規(guī)定 （cf. terms 條款 conditions 條件）on the account of 為on ones own account 為其自身absent from work without authorization or reasonable reason 擅自缺勤或無合理理由缺勤managing director 常務(wù)董事（不譯“董事總經(jīng)理”）without prejudice （出現(xiàn)在律師函上）內(nèi)容不具約束力（九）housing loan interest subsidy 房貸利息補貼for cause 因故to apply mutatis mutandis (to) 在細節(jié)上做必要修改后適用（于）lock-up 禁售mandatory law 強行法in case of gaps in this Agreement 在本協(xié)議中如有漏洞As representation on the board of directors of B A向B董事會委派代表擔(dān)任董事subject matter or diversity jurisdiction （美）聯(lián)邦訴訟標的或聯(lián)邦法院管轄權(quán)personal jurisdiction 屬人管轄權(quán)incorporated by reference 經(jīng)在此提及而并入的duty of trust and confidence 忠實和保密義務(wù)earnings threshold（所得稅）起征點Lower Earnings Limit (LEL) （英）底限收入Upper Earnings Limit (UEL) （英）上限收入on even date 于本協(xié)議同一日good, valid and marketable title to. 對擁有合法、有效和適銷的所有權(quán)l(xiāng)ike or similar 同類或類似cross default 交叉違約（NOT 連帶）rights and remedies 權(quán)利和救濟original issue 初（原）始發(fā)行（股份）e.g. countersign as or register as original issue, 作為原始股份進行確認或登記transfer agent 過戶代理（NOT 轉(zhuǎn)讓）insolvency 資不抵債 cf. bankruptcy(破產(chǎn))excusable delay 可免責(zé)的延遲without undue delay不得無故拖延any action taken or omitted to be taken 采取或未能采取的任何行動personal representatives and successors 遺產(chǎn)代理人和繼承人（NOT 個人代表）free from all liens, charges and encumbrances 不附帶任何留置權(quán)、押記和產(chǎn)權(quán)負擔(dān)long stop date 最后期限日to submit or entice away招徠或挖走（十） Lost savings 未實現(xiàn)的節(jié)約Arms length service contract 公平服務(wù)合同Merger or consolidation 吸收合并或新設(shè)合并Registration statement 上市登記表Release 免責(zé)函Notice pay 代通知金Severance pay 離職（經(jīng)濟）補償Severance plan 離職計劃Post-contractual 合同終止后（NOT 合同簽訂后）的 cf. post-employmentIn good order and standing 處于良好的工作狀態(tài)（standing無需譯為“符合各項規(guī)定”）Statutory or contractual payment 法定或合同規(guī)定的付款I(lǐng)nure to the benefit of 以為受益人Without regard to the principles of conflict of laws 但不考慮其法律沖突原則By operation of law 通過（因）法律的施行（實施）(appointment of) representatives to the Board 向（XXX公司）董事會委派董事（NOT 代表）(It is) noted that 茲指出(it is) resolved that 茲決議(Company may) on any ground and in any circumstance allowable under the law 在法律允許的范圍內(nèi)，（公司可以）在任何情形下、以任何理由Free cash return on equity 自由現(xiàn)金形式的股本回報By or on behalf of 由或其代表（or由或代表，NOT 由或代表）For avoidance of doubt 為避免歧義/疑義Rounded up/down to the next 向上/下取整為Duly organized, validly existing and in good standing 正式組建、有效存續(xù)且資格完備Break date 中止日 cf. Long stop date(an obligation, etc.)enforceable against or recoverable from 對強制執(zhí)行或由賠償Hold oneself out as 自稱為As an inducement for/to 為了吸引/促成Appear on its face 從表面上看Backup withholding 備用預(yù)扣稅（見于W-8BEN或W-9表格）Central bank of issue 國外指定銀行（見于W-8BEN或W-9表格，NOT發(fā)鈔中央銀行）Sweep feature 自動轉(zhuǎn)存功能 （見于W-8BEN或W-9表格，NOT掃描特征）Land grant 土地出讓（better than 授予）Land grant term 土地出讓期限Operative provisions 正文（主體條款）（十一）omnibus resolution 綜合決議on the ground 當?shù)氐?e.g. resources, etc.withhold payments 拒付款項 (NOT 預(yù)扣)cf. which (i.e. consent)shall not be unreasonably withheld 不得無理拒絕給予同意sell-to-cover exercise 以出售支付的方式行權(quán)（股票期權(quán)計劃）cashless sell-all method 無現(xiàn)金全部出售（行權(quán)）方式specific performance 特定/強制履行trading as (abbr. TA) 以名義經(jīng)營（常見于簽字頁）cf. Doing Business As (abbr. DBA) 經(jīng)營名稱arms length (transaction, deal, etc.) principle 公平交易原則arms length pricing 公平定價flexible working hour system 不定時工作制out of and in connection with 因而產(chǎn)生且與其相關(guān)的（這里的out of=because of）with X month notice to a months end 提前X個月通知（自通知當月結(jié)束后起算）capitalised terms 定義詞（better than“大寫詞”）.that otherwise would be issued 本應(yīng)發(fā)放的（注意otherwise的含義）sell-down 減持（股票）deposited in xxx/paid to xxx for value on (DATE) 按（日期）價值支付給/存入borrower/lender 借款人/貸款人cf. borrowings/loans 借款/貸款opening statement 期初報表as consideration for (among other good and valuable consideration the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged). 作為針對而給予的良好、有價值的對價（特此確認收到此等對價）之一部分unless otherwise provided by local law without the possibility of contractual waiver or limitation 但當?shù)胤闪硇幸?guī)定不得通過合同放棄或限制者除外(十二) drawn against從中支取line manager 部門經(jīng)理（NOT “直線經(jīng)理”）line management 部門管理層any acco