高三英語一輪復習 第1部分 基礎知識解讀 課時提能練6 Unit 4 Cyberspace（B）北師大版必修2.doc

unit 4cyberspace(b)(對應學生用書第247頁).閱讀理解(2017河北石家莊高三復習教學質量檢測(二)its cold and dark outside, and your bed is so warm and comfortable.going for a run seems like such a bad idea.but before you hide your running shoes, it might be worth giving that crazy idea ago.according to the huffington post, an outdoor run in winter, as opposed to one on a treadmill (跑步機), burns more calories because the body is working hard to regulate (調節(jié)) its core temperature.furthermore, research shows that race times are faster in cold weather than in warmer temperaturesand quicker runs burn more calories.similarly, cold weather also makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.the heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster, but cold weather is refreshing.it adjusts you to your surroundings, making you feel alive.of course, the threat of smog in some builtup areas is a further hurdle to winter exercise.heart attacks, strokes, lung cancer and asthma are all dangers of running in smog.the combination of air pollution and exercise increases the potential problems.if you do choose to run outside on smoggy days, take a path in a park or residential area to avoid car exhaust (廢氣) ，and go early in the morning, before rush hour.but staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了冬季戶外跑步的意義和方法。冬季戶外跑步能燃燒更多的熱量，讓肌肉更強健，心臟更健康，但是應當避免在霧霾時進行戶外活動。1how does cold weather benefit runners, compared with warm weather?athey can run more slowly.bthey can take in more calories.ctheir hearts can function harder.dtheir body temperature can get lower.c考查細節(jié)理解。由題干關鍵詞“benefit”和“compared with warm weather”可將答案定位至第二段的最后一句“similarly.makes the heart work harder to distribute blood through the body, making that vital muscle even stronger.”可知，與溫暖的天氣相比，在寒冷的天氣里戶外跑步能使心臟更健康，故c項正確。2how does summer affect runners?ait builds up their energy quickly.bit makes runners tired easily.cit lessens runners stress.dit causes heart attacks.b考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“the heat and humidity in summer can drag you down and tire you faster”可知，夏季的炎熱和濕氣容易讓跑步的人很快就感到疲勞，故b項正確。干擾項分析根據(jù)第三段的第一句“outdoor exercise also turns up your energy and rids you of the stress and depression that build up every day.”可知，冬季戶外鍛煉可以增強活力，消除壓力，故a、c項錯誤；根據(jù)第四段的第二句可知，冬季時在霧霾天氣跑步會有使人患心臟病的危險，故d項錯誤。3what are the runners supposed to do on smoggy days?astop driving cars.bdo more exercise.cavoid outdoor exercise.drun late in the morning.c考查細節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“but staying inside on smoggy days and waiting for the next clear day to run is best.”可知，如果有霧霾，最好待在室內，等到天氣晴朗時再跑步，故c項正確。4what can be the best title of the text?arefresh with a winter runbtake outdoor exercise in summercgo to run in a parkdfollow the tips to reduce stressa考查標題判斷。通讀全文可知，本文介紹了冬季早晨戶外跑步的意義和方法。冬季跑步能燃燒更多的熱量，讓肌肉更強健，心臟更健康，但是應當避免在霧霾天氣進行戶外活動。據(jù)此可以判斷，a項最能概括文意。.閱讀七選五(2017湖南十三校第一次聯(lián)考)every culture has its own unwritten list of behavior that is acceptable.every society also has its taboos, or types of behavior that are considered a violation of good manners.the word taboo comes from the tongan language and is used in modern english to describe verbal and nonverbal behavior that is forbidden or to be avoided. 1 they tend to be specific to a culture or country, and usually form around a groups values and beliefs.what is considered acceptable behavior in one country may be a serious taboo in another.verbal taboos usually involve topics that people believe are too private to talk about publicly, or relate to ones manner of speaking.in many cultures, for example, it is considered bad manners to discuss subjects such as sex or religion in public.in some countries, too much volume of ones voice may annoy people. 2 3 for example, one of the biggest differences among many western, asian, and african cultures is the use of eye contact.in the us., people make eye contact when they talk to others. 4 in many asian and african cultures, however, children are taught to lower their eyes when talking to their elders, or those of higher rank, as a way to show respect.certain gestures made with the hands can have very different meanings depending on the country you are in.crossing your middle finger over your forefinger is the sign for good luck in many western countries. 5 also, in some asian countries, moving your hands a lot while talking, or “talking with your hands”， is considered unsuitable.behavior that is acceptable and nonoffensive in one culture can be highly offensive in another.when visiting a foreign country, be aware of some of the basic differences, as this will help to ensure a more enjoyable trip.anonverbal taboos usually relate to body language.bin vietnam and argentina, however, it is a rude gesture.cin spite of what some people may think, taboos are not universal.dcancer is a taboo subject and people are frightened to talk openly about it.elearn a countrys customs so that you dont hurt the local people unconsciously.fthey might think that someone who is speaking or laughing loudly is rude or aggressive.gif a person avoids eye contact, others might think they are being dishonest or unconfident.【語篇解讀】本文主要講述了不同國家習俗方面的禁忌，以及肢體語言、手勢語的不同運用。1c上句是對taboo的定義，下句講它們通常是一個國家或一種文化所特有的，通常是圍繞著一個團體的價值觀和信仰而形成的。由此可以推斷，c項(盡管一些人可能這樣認為，但禁忌不是通用的)符合語境，起到承上啟下的作用。故選c項。2f本段主要講一些人對禁忌的看法，比如一些私人問題不能在公共場合談論等。根據(jù)設空前一句中的too much volume of ones voice may annoy people可知，在一些國家，說話聲音太大會惹惱別人，f項(他們可能認為大聲說笑是粗魯?shù)幕虺錆M挑釁的)正好是對上一句的解析。故選f項。3a根據(jù)設空后一句中的eye contact可知，本段主要講眼神接觸在不同文化中有不同的要求，屬于肢體語言。故a項(非語言禁忌通常和肢體語言有關)符合語境。4g本段講的是眼神接觸的作用，根據(jù)關鍵詞eye contact可知，g項與該段主題一致，故選g項。5b本段介紹手勢語在不同國家的含義。上一句介紹了把中指和食指交疊起來，在很多西方國家意味著好運。下文應該介紹其他國家對此不同的理解，b項(然而在越南和阿根廷，這是一個粗魯?shù)氖謩?符合語境，故選b項。 【導學號：33220144】.語法填空(2017全國卷)there has been a recent trend in the food service industry towards lower fat content and less salt.this trend，which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學界) 1 a method of fighting heart disease，has had some unintended side 2 (effect)such as overweight and heart diseasethe very thing the medical community was trying to fight.fat and salt are very important parts of a diet.they are required 3 (process)the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.when fat and salt 4 (remove)from food，the food tastes as if it is missing something.as 5 result，people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.even 6 (bad)，the amount of fast food that people eat goes up.fast food 7 (be)full of fat and salt；by 8 (eat)more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心)between meals and will improve the taste of your food.however，be 9 (care)not to go to extremes.like anything，it is possible to have too much of both， 10 is not good for the health.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章分析了飲食低脂、低鹽的利弊以及對人體健康的影響。1as考查介詞。此處指作為抵抗心臟病的一種方法，所以用介詞as。2effects考查名詞復數(shù)。side effect副作用，由前面的some和下文中的兩個例子overweight and heart disease可知名詞effect用復數(shù)形式effects。3to process考查非謂語動詞之動詞不定式。require sth.to do sth.需要某物做某事，此處用了被動語態(tài)結構，所以填動詞不定式to process作主語補足語。4are removed考查時態(tài)、語態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)語境可知此處用一般現(xiàn)在時，由于主語fat and salt是復數(shù)概念，且與remove是被動關系，所以填一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)結構are removed。5a考查固定搭配中的冠詞。as a result結果，是固定搭配。6worse考查副詞的比較級。根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示程度的加深，所以用比較級形式。even worse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。7is考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。根據(jù)行文的時態(tài)可知，此處用一般現(xiàn)在時；句子的主語fast food(快餐)是不可數(shù)名詞短語，故填be的第三人稱單數(shù)形式is。8eating考查非謂語動詞之動名詞。表示方式的介詞by之后接動名詞作賓語。9careful考查詞性轉換之名詞變?yōu)樾稳菰~。be之后接形容詞作表語，care的形容詞形式是careful。10which考查非限制性定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結構可知，空格處所填詞引導非限制性定語從句并在從句中作主語，且指代整個主句的內容，故填關系代詞which。.短文改錯(2017大連雙基測試)with teachers day draw near, i would like to express my thanks to ms.li, who taught me english last year.at that time, i was having a trouble studying english and my scores fell.ms.li encouraged me and tell me her story that she never gave up before her studies didnt go well.she also said that it was necessary to make efforts so that i would not regret waste time.her words were the best medicine because she stood in her shoes to deal with problems and gave me sincere advices.she didnt simple comfort me.her teaching methods also counted.it had never occurred me that studying could be so interested until i met ms.li.【答案】with teachers day near, i would like to express my thanks to ms.li, who taught me english last year.at that time, i was having trouble studying english and my scores fell.ms.li encouraged me and me her story that she never gave up her studies didnt go well.she also said that it was necessa