仁愛九上Unit3.topic2-重點知識點歸納詳解及練習.doc

Unit 3 English around the worldTopic.2 Some things usually have different meanings in different culture.1 重要句型：Section A1. I cant believe that Im flying to Disneyland tomorrow.我簡直不敢相信我就要飛往迪斯尼了。此句中 am flying是表示一般將來時.英語中,位移動詞或稱趨向動詞?可以用現在進行時的結構表示將來發(fā)生的動作, 這類動詞有l(wèi)eave, leave for, leave for, come, fly, return, arrive, go,? start(出發(fā)), 等等, 如: Im going.我要走了. Im coming! 我就來!2. Michael and Kangkang are going to see them off. 邁克和康康打算給他們送行。3. Now they are on the way to the airport.現在他們在去飛機場的路上。 A. on the way to. 在某人.的路上；On my way to school,I met my best friend. 在我上學的路上，我遇見了我的好朋友。 B. 當地點是副詞時，不用to；On his way home, he bought a cake. 在他回家的路上，他買了一塊蛋糕。 C. the way to. 去.的路；This is the way to school. 這是去學校的路。4. Michael see a stranger putting out his hand with his thumb raised. 邁克爾看到一位陌生人拇指向上伸出手。 (1) A. see sb. do sth.看見某人做了某事，強調看見動作的全過程，現在動作已結束。 I often see Tom play basketball on the playground. 我經?？匆姕吩诓賵錾洗蚧@球。 B. see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事，強調動作正在進行。 I saw Tom playing basketball on the playground yesterday this time.我昨天這個時候看見湯姆正在操場上打籃球。 (2) put out 伸出; 熄滅； Jim put his foot out and tripped me. 吉姆把腳伸出來把我絆倒了。 (3) with his thumb raised (介詞短語做伴隨狀語)，其中 raised是過去分詞作his thumb的后置定語。 The thief stood there with his arms tied behind his back. 那個賊雙手被綁在背后站在那里。 5. Whats up? 怎么了？6. The reach the airport twenty minutes late. 二十分鐘后他們到達了機場。 reach=arrive in/at =get to 到達某地； A. reach 及物動詞，后面直接跟表示地點的詞； He will reach home tomorrow.他明天將到家。 B. get to 是口頭用語； What time shall we get to Shanghai? 我們什么時候到達上海？ C. arrive at + (小地名)；arrive in +（大地名）； arrive in Beijing 到達北京； arrive at the station 到達車站； 注意： 當 get to, arrive at/ in,與副詞連用，不用介詞。7. Whenever you need help, send me an e-mail or call me. 無論何時你需要幫助，就給我發(fā)電子郵件或打電話。 (1) whenever = no matter when (2) A. send sth. to sb. / send sb. sth. 給某人寄/ 發(fā)送某物； He sent a letter to his friend. = He sent his friend a letter. 他寄了一封信給他的朋友。 B. send sb. to +地點， 讓某人前往某處； She sent the kids to bed early. 她早早打發(fā)孩子們睡覺了。 8. They will board in several minutes and their friend will pick them up in California. 幾分鐘后他們要登機了，在加利福利亞他們的朋友會來接他們。 (1) A. board v. 上船（或火車，飛機，公共汽車等）； Passengers are waiting to board. 乘客們正在候機。 B. board n. 木板； A black board 黑板； (2) in在以后，后加時間段，常與將來時連用； She will be back in three minutes. 她三分鐘后回來。 (3) pick sb. up 意為“（開車）接人、讓人乘車、搭載”。如： Ill pick you up at 9:00. 我九點來接你。Section B1. Did you notice that Miss Wang smiles when she is happy?你有沒有注意到王老師高興時會微笑？ notice v. 看（或聽）到，注意到，意識到； A.notice sb. do sth. 注意某人經常做了某事或做過某事，強調看見動作的全過程，現在動作已結束。 I often notice them run on the playground. 我經?？吹剿麄冊诓賵錾吓懿?。 B. notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人正在做某事，強調動作正在進行。 I notice he is playing computer. 我看見他正在玩電腦。C. notice + that 從句；I notice that she is in a good mood today. 我注意到她今天心情很好。D. notice n. 注意，察覺，通知，布告等； a notice saying “keep off the grass” 寫著“勿踏草地”的布告牌2. Then I know whether she will praise or punish us.由此我知道她會表揚還是懲罰我們。 （1）whether. or. “是.還是.”，引導的是賓語從句。I dont know whether its Saturday or Sunday today.我不知道今天是星期六還是星期日。 （2）A. if 引導賓語從句時，作為“是否”講，可與whether互換。 I dont know if / whether he will come here today. 我不知道他今天是否會來這兒。 B. if引導條件狀語從句時，作“如果”講，主句用一般將來時，從句用一般現在時表示將來(主將從現）。 We will have a picnic if it doesnt rain tomorrow. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去野餐。3. calm down! 冷靜！ （1）calm 意為“使平靜”，也可作形容詞，表示“平靜的，沉著的” ，指無風浪或人的心情不激動。 We must be calm before danger. 危險面前我們要沉著冷靜。（2） quiet 寧靜的，安靜的； 指沒有聲音，不吵鬧或心里沒有煩惱。 Ask the boys to keep quiet. 讓孩子們保持安靜。（3）silent寂靜的，沉默的； 不發(fā)音的 指沒有聲音或不說話。 The girl keep silent about the matter.那個女孩對這件事保持沉默。4. Im puzzled. 我不明白。 5. Im just kidding. 我只是開玩笑。 A. kid v.( 尤指作為玩笑）戲弄，嘲笑，欺騙。 Dont get mad. I was just kidding. 別生氣，我不過是開玩笑。 B. kid n.（非正式）孩子，兒童。 Im going taking the kids to the zoo today. 我今天帶孩子們去動物園。Section C1. Dogs are considered honest and good friends of humans. 人們認為狗是忠誠的，而且是人類的好朋友。 consider v. 考慮，認為; 常用結構： A. consider sb. / sth. (as) sth. = regard sb. / sth. as sth. 視某人/ 某物為. We consider Mr zhang (as) the best teacher in our school. 我們視張老師為我們學校最好的老師。 B. consider doing sth. 考慮做某事； They are considering buying a new car. 他們正在考慮買一輛車。2. And “every dog has its day” means each person has good luck at times. “every dog has its day” 意思是“凡人皆有得意時”。 at times“有時，間或”，相當于sometimes; Life is hard at times. 生活有事很難。 鏈接：at one time曾經，一度； at this time此時此刻； all the time一直，始終； in time及時； on time按時; 3. The ancient emperors compared themselves to dragons. 古代的皇帝把自己比作龍。 A. compare A to B 把 A 比作 B； Mans life is often compared to a candle. 人生常被比為蠟燭。 B. compare A with B 把 A 和B 相比； Compare American English with British English, you can find some differences. 把美式英語與英式英語作比較，你會發(fā)現一些不同之處。Section D1. “cookbook” from German.從德語中借用了“cookbook” （食譜） 。 German (n.)德語，德國人。 其復數形式是“Germans”； Germany 德國； 注意：由man組成的合成詞復數形式是把a變?yōu)閑 。如：policemen 而German不是由man組成的合成詞。2. The English language has changed little in the past few centuries. 英語在過去的幾個世紀中變化很小?！癷n the past + 時間段”表示“在過去的.”，通常用現在完成時中，類似的短語有 in recent years最近今年；In the past five years, China has developed rapidly. 在過去的五年里，中國發(fā)展得很快。We have learned about 3 000 English words in recent years. 最近幾年，我們已經學了大學三千個英語單詞。3. the English language is changing all the time.英語語言一直在變化。4. Im writing to you from California. 我正在加利福利亞給你寫信。 write to sb. 給某人寫信。 I wrote to my mother yesterday. 我昨天給我媽媽寫了一封信。5. Even worse, I cant understand some of their body language and spelling.更糟糕的是，我不能理解他們的肢體語言及單詞拼寫。 even worse意同whats worse，用來引出更糟糕的情況。 2 重點詞組：1 see.off 送別，給某人送行； 2 on the way to. 在某人.的路上； the way to. 去.的路；3 on the way home 回家的路上； 4 see sb. do sth. 看見某人做了某事； see sb. doing sth. 看見某人正在做某事；5 put out 伸出; 熄滅； 6 ask for a ride 想搭車； give sb. a ride 送某人一程，給某人以方便；7 get on 上車； 8 reach=arrive in/at =get to 到達某地；9 be worried about 對.感到著急/ 擔心； worry about 對.著急，擔心；10 have much difficulty in doing sth. 做某事有困難；11 send sth. to sb. / send sb. sth. 給某人寄/ 發(fā)送某物； send sb. to+地點 讓某人前往某處；12 leave for +地點 動身去某地；13 pick sb. up （開車）接人、讓人乘車、搭載；14 give. a speech 給.演講；15 wave ones hand 招手；16 a sign of respect 尊重的標志；17 body language 肢體語言；18 a homeless dog 喪家犬； a running dog 走狗； a mad dog 瘋狗； a dog catching a mouse 狗拿耗子多管閑事；19 western culture 西方文化；20 negative meaning 貶義； positive meaning 褒義；21 have good luck 有好運；22 at times 有時； 有時，間或；23 as we know 眾所周知； 24 ancient times 古代； 25 strong and magical creatures 強大而且有魔力的動物；26 compare A to B 把 A 比作 B； compare A with B 把 A 和B 相比；27 pay attention to + v.ing 注意，留心；28 become “ dragons” 望子成龍； 29 have similar meanings 有相似的含義；30 consider sb. / sth. (as) sth. = regard sb. / sth. as sth. 視某人/ 某物為. consider doing sth. 考慮做某事；31 a symbol of love 愛情的象征；32 stand for 代表；33 be different from 不同于.；34 understand each other 互相理解；35 in the past + 時間段 在過去的.；36 write to sb. 給某人寫信；37 (英):ground floor (美):first floor 一樓；38 all the time 一直；39 take the subway= take the underground 乘地鐵 ；40 written/oral English 書面/口頭英語；41 come about （強調原因）=happen （強調偶然性） 發(fā)生；42 How are you doing? 你好嗎？43 write back to sb. 寫回信給某人；44 even worse 更糟糕的是； 45 Best wishes to sb. 向某人致以最美好的祝愿；463 重點語法用現在進行時表示將來“am / is / are + v.-ing”是現在進行時的結構，通常表示“現在”這個時間里“正在”發(fā)生的動作。但是表示暫時性動作的動詞，通常情況下，用現在進行時表示將來。英語中，表示暫時性動作，常用進行時表示將來的動詞有come, go, arrive, leave, start, fly, die等。例： Dont worry. The train is arriving here soon.別著急，火車馬上就到了。 1. 表示轉移動詞。 Im going. 我要走了。 When are you starting?你什么時候動身？ 2. 亦可用于某些非位移動詞。 Im meeting you after class. 課后我找你。 What are you doing next Sunday? 下星期天你打算干什么？ 3. 表示將來的現在進行時，有時含有“決心”的意思，多用在否定結構中。 Im not going. 我不走了。 4. 但有時也用于肯定結構中。 Im backing out. 我要打退堂鼓了。 5. 用這種現在進行時與對方講話可變成命令，不過語氣比較溫和。 Dont forget, you are taking part, too. 你不要忘記，你也要參加。四：交際用語： 談論不同國家英語的不同點并了解交際中的身體語言。1.I cant follow you. Can you speak more slowly, please?2.Oh, it sounds interesting.3.If you want to succeed in making yourself understood, you need to know some of these differences4.-Whats up? -The foreigner is asking for a ride.五練習：A. 選擇題。( )1. Well never give up our plan_ happens. A. however B. whatever C. whenever D. wherever( )2. I wonder if the foreign friends _ for Shanghai next week. A. leave B. leaves C. left D. are leaving( )3. Dont _your hands from the window when you are on a bus. A. put out B. put on C. take off D. throw away( )4. Liu Hai met his elder brother on _home. A. his way to B. their way to C. his way D. their way( )5. My uncle will go abroad tomorrow. I am going to _ at the airport. A. sent him off B. see off him C. meet him D. see him off( )6. As we know, Australia is _country as well. A.an English-speaking B.an English-spoken C.a speaking-English D.the English-spoken( )7. How about going to the Yellow Mountain this weekend? It _ interesting. A. sounds B. tastes C. smells D. feels( )8. When _you _to Japan? Tomorrow morning. A. are; fly B. are; flying C. are; to fly D. did; fly( )9. Jim, you speak so fast. I cant _you. Oh, sorry. I will say it again slowly. A. listen B. watch C. follow D. think( )10. My father was bought a computer for me. It is the same_. A. with you B. with yours C. as you D. as yours( )11. I hope you can succeed _up your own company. Thank you. A. on setting B. in setting C. on set D. in set( )12. She was glad that she could make herself_.A. to understand B. understand C. understood D. UnderstandingB. 根據漢語提示完成句子。1) Maybe you should _ your father _ _ _ (請求搭車) to school.2) Dont _ _(伸出) our hand when the train is moving. Its dangerous.3) They arrived at the stadium in time, but they still couldnt _(進入).4) He will be away for a long time, so Im going to_ him _(送行) at the station.5) The train will stop 20 times in the journey to _ _(搭載) passengers.6)We use _ _（肢體語言）to communicate how we feel.7) I think that is _ _（所謂的）body language.8)We bow when we are saying hello _ _ _（以示）of respect.9). His decision is _（認為） to be wrong.10). Jack is _（誠實）and we all believe him.11). Chinese people always _（比較）the Yellow River to mother.12).In _（古代的）China, many emperors made special medicine for long life.C. 根據所給要求完成句子。1. My grandparents reached the train station twenty minutes ago.(同義句轉換) My grandparents _ _the train station twenty minutes ago.2. My son has some trouble in learning English.(同義句轉換) My son has some _ in learning English.3. The film is starting at 5 oclock in the afternoon.(同義句轉換) The film _ _ _ start at 5 oclock in the afternoon.4. Zhang Hua is coming home in half an hour. (對畫線部分提問) _ _ is Zhang Hua coming home?5. They make toys in the factory.(改為被動語態(tài)) Toys _ _in the factory by _.6 我想知道肢體語言在不同的文化中是否有著同樣的意思。 I _ _ body language means the same thing _ all _.7. 我的朋友今晚過來。 My friends _ _ over this evening.8. 下周五我們乘飛機去上海。 We _ _ _ Shanghai next Friday.9. 我不知道明天是不是會下雨。 I dont know _ it _ _ tomorrow or not. 10. 如果明天不下雨，我們將去梵凈山。 _ it _ _ tomorrow, we _ _ to Mount Fanjing.11.在我們班里他的發(fā)音被認為是最棒的。 His _ is _ to be the most excellent in our class.12.他明天要動身去倫敦，我會為他送行。 He _ _ _ London tomorrow and I will _ _ _ .13.說英語時不要害怕出錯。 Dont be afraid to _ _ while speaking English.14.我們常會把父親比作大山。 We often _ father _ a mountain.D. 閱讀理解。(1) Miss Wang is a young teacher of English in a middle school in Chongqing. She loves teaching very much. One day when she was giving an English lesson, she found Mr. Li, the headmaster, sitting at the back of the classroom. After class, Mr. Li told her that he came to her class to find out how much English and how much Chinese she was using in class. The result was about half English and half Chinese. She was using Chinese when she gave instructions(指示) to her students and when she explained some grammar rules to her students. Mr. Li suggested her that she should use English as much as she could in class. Miss Wang made the following plans: Join an English club and practice speaking English. Learn more English teaching expressions by heart. Have a five-minute talk with students in English before class. She used body language to make herself understood whenever students could not follow her.One year later, she found she could speak English fluently in class.根據短文內容，選擇正確答案。( )1. Miss Wang _. A. hates to teach English B. is a teacher of Chinese C. loves her job D. is angry with the headmaster( )2. Mr. Li came to Miss Wangs class to _. A. practice speaking English B. make Miss Wang understood C. give instructions to the students D. find out how much English and how much Chinese Miss Wang was using in class( )3. After Mr. Li left, Miss Wang realized that she should _ in her class. A. use more Chinese B. use more English C. use half English and half Chinese D. use body language( )4. The underlined word “fluently” means_. A. easily and well B. completely C. slowly D. recently( )5. What is the main idea of this passage? A. Joining an English club. B. Talking with the students before class. C. Speaking more English in English classes. D. Learning more English teaching expressions.(2) Cats are the most popular pets