湖南省長(zhǎng)沙市高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（23）.doc

湖南長(zhǎng)沙市2016高考英語(yǔ)（二輪）閱讀理解訓(xùn)練（23）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。all parents know that one of their most important tasks is to prepare their children for an independent life，but any parent can tell you that its hard to let go of your childrenthat balance between keeping your children safe and allowing them to learn from their own mistakes can be heartbreakingyears of experience means that parents often do know best，but on the other hand，the young，being less bound by tradition，are often more creative，more able to find new solutions to old problemsrevolutions are led by the younggood teachers make the growth of critical （批判性的） thinking easier in their students，only to find that this can lead to a questioning of the teachers basic beliefsschools encourage parents to become involved，but are often embarrassed when parents have reservations about some of the educational methods being usedgovernments encourage unimportant groups to empower themselves in order to participate fully in the development processand they are often surprised when the new leaders of these groups turn around and attack the policies of that same governmentthe rebellions （叛逆的）young and the newly unimportant groups are important in social developmentthey are not necessarily representatives of those they want to represent or not realistic in their demands，but their voices must be heardgood parents know that just forbidding particular behaviors does not prevent their children from finding ways to engage in these forbidden activitiesindeed，sometimes the forbidden fruit is more inviting，just because it is not accepted by authorityparents must work with their children to educate them on the facts，know as much as possible about he lives of their children，provide a good example，encourage more wholesome activities but also support their children when they dont follow what is expected of thembut the most important point is that they also need to learn how to let go1by saying “revolutions are led by the young”，the author indicates that young people are more_aconventional bcreative crealistic dheartbreaking2from the second paragraph we know_athe voice of the rebellious young should be heard by the governmentbschools encourage parents to question their education methodscmovement is satisfied with the new leaders attack on the policiesd teachers basic beliefs should be questioned by students 3in order to educate children well，parents should_aforbid particular behaviors in their daily lifebknow as much as possible as their childrenceducate them with facts and expect much of themd know them well and set a good example to them4from the passage we can learn that the author prefers_afree parenting btraditional parentingcsmart parenting d critical parenting5what is the best title of the passage?ateaching methods for teachers and schoolsbparents tasks in childrens developmentcway of growth for the young groupsdletting go for childrens independent life【參考答案】1-5、badcd 閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。the term“multitasking” originally referred to a computers ability to carry out several tasks at one time. for many people, multitasking has become a way of life and even a key to success. in fact, some excellent mental aerobic exercises(大腦訓(xùn)練)involve engaging the brain in two or more challenging activities at a time. although checking e-mail while talking on a phone and reading the newspaper may be second nature for some people, many times multitasking can make us less productive, rather than more. and studies show that too much multitasking can lead to increased stress, anxiety and memory loss. in order to multitask, the brain uses an area known as the prefrontal cortex(前額葉腦皮層). brain seans of volunteers performing multiple tasks together show that as they shift from task to task, this front part of the brain actually takes a moment of rest between tasks. you may have experienced a prefrontal cortex“moment of rest” yourself if youve ever dialed(撥電話) a phone number and suddenly forgotten who you called when the line is answered. what probably occurred is that between the dialing and the answering, your mind shifted to another thought or task, and then took that“moment” to come back. research has also shown that for many volunteers, job efficiency(效率) declines while multitasking, as compared to when they perform only one task at a time. multitasking is easiest when at least one of the tasks is habitual, or requires little thought. most people dont find it difficult to eat and read the newspaper at the same time. however, when two or more attention-requiring tasks are attempted at one time, people sometimes make mistakes. we often dont remember things as well when were trying to manage several details at the same time. without mental focus, we may not pay enough attention to new information coming in, so it never makes it into our memory stores. that is one of the main reasons we forget peoples nameseven sometimes right after they have introduced themselves. multitasking can also affect our relationships. if someone checks their e-mail while on the phone with a friend, they may come off as absent-minded or disinterested. it can also cause that person to miss or overlook key information being passed on to them. 1. why are some mental aerobic exercises designed to engage people in multitasking? a. to make them more productive. b. to reduce their stress and anxiety.c. to develop their communication skills. d. to help them perform daily tasks more easily.2. according to paragraph 2, why may a person suddenly forget who he has called? a. he may have his prefrontal cortex temporarily damaged.b. he is probably interrupted by another task.c. he is probably not very familiar with the person he has called.d. he may need a rest between dialing and speaking.3. people tend to make mistakes when.a. they perform several challenging tasks at a timeb. new messages are processed one after anotherc. their relationships with others are affectedd. the tasks require little thought4. what is the main idea of the passage? a. multitasking has become a way of life.b. multitasking often leads to efficiency decline.c. multitasking exercises need to be improved.d. multitasking enables people to remember things better.【參考答案】1-4 、abab2016高考模擬題。閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。we often smile at times. however, the meaning of a smile in different cultures may be different. depending on different cultures, smiling can express joy and amusement, but it can also indicate embarrassment. the following examples show this point of view: in an attempt to be open and friendly, people in the united states smile a lot. every one smiles at each other, this nonverbal communication shows being friendly in the united states. however，in china, smiling is not only an expression of happiness, but also a way to avoid being embarrassed. chinese people like smiling when they are embarrassed in order to avoid embarrassment. smiling is a kind of good will but not sneer（嘲笑）. for example: when a child falls off from a bike, the adults in china may smile, which is a kind of gentle encouragement and may not be a kind of impolite laugh.when a person from the united states might blush（臉紅）with embarrassment or become offensive, a chinese might blush with smile. to avoid serious misunderstanding, people who engage in intercultural communication should be able to understand the meaning of smiling appropriately. related to the smile is the laugh. also, different cultures have different meanings about laugh. for example, americans can enjoy a very heartfelt belly (腹部) laugh that comes from the deepest emotions. however, most chinese seldom laugh that way because they are thought to be silly except among close friends. 1. we can use smile to express all of the following feelings except_,a. joy and happiness b. amusement c. embarrassment d. fear2. people often smile at each other in the united states because_.a. they are very happy b. they want to show they are friendlyc. they want to hide their true feelings d. they want to avoid embarrassment3. in china, seeing a child falls off a bike, an adult will smile in order to _.a. laugh at him b. avoid his own embarrassmentc. avoid embarrassment and encourage the boy d. show his politeness4. what is mainly talked about in the passage?a. people smile at times. b. smiling can express different feelings depending on different cultures.c. americans are more open and friendly than chinese people. d. the chinese people often hide their true feelings. 參考答案14、dbcb 閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。grown- ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. a man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. he can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. he can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. a mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins “twinkle, twinkle, little star” or remember the story of cinderella or goldilocks and the three bears.one explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: once we have learned something, additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.in childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. we continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as “twinkle, twinkle, little star”and childhood tales such as cinderella and goldilocks. we not only learn but overlearn.the multiplication tables (乘法口訣表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.the law of overlearning explains why cramming (突擊學(xué)習(xí)) for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. by cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. a little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for ones future development.1. what is the main idea of paragraph 1?a. people remember well what they learned in childhood.b. children have a better memory than grown- ups.c. poem reading is a good way to learn words.d. stories for children are easy to remember.2. the author explains the law of overlearning by.a. presenting research findings b. setting down general rulesc. making a comparison d. using examples3. according to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is.a. a result of overlearning b. a special case of crammingc. a skill to deal with math problems d. a basic step towards advanced studies4. what is the authors opinion on cramming?a. it leads to failure in college exams. b. its helpful only in a limited way.c. its possible to result in poor memory. d. it increases studentslearning interest.【參考答案】14、adab閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。food sometimes gets poisoned with harmful things. a person who eats such food can get an illness called food poisoning. food poisoning is usually not serious, but some types are deadly. the symptoms of food poisoning usually begin within hours of eating the poisoned food. fever is one of the most common symptoms. certain microorganisms(微生物) cause most types of food poisoning. bacteria and other microorganisms can poison eggs, meat, vegetables, and many other foods. after entering the body, these tiny living things release(釋放) poisons that make people sick. some chemicals can also cause food poisoning. they are often added to food while it is being grown, processed, or prepared. for example, many farmers spray chemicals on crops to kill weeds and insects. some people may have a bad reaction to those chemicals when they eat the crops. some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people. these include certain kinds of seafood, grains, nuts, seeds, beans, and mushrooms. when people handle food properly, the risk of food poisoning is very small. microorganisms multiply rapidly in dirty places and in warm temperatures. this means that people should never touch food with dirty hands or put food on unwashed surfaces. food should be kept in a refrigerator to stop microorganisms from growing. meat needs to be cooked thoroughly to kill any dangerous microorganisms. people should also wash food covered with chemicals before eating