Part III Reading Comprehension.docxVIP

試題解析：本文講述了1957年發(fā)現(xiàn)的一種新的流感病毒亞洲流感以及它的傳播過(guò)程。 In 1957 a doctor in Singapore noticed that hospitals were treating an unusual number of influenza-like cases. Influenza is sometimes called “flu” or a “bad cold”. He took samples from the throats of patients in his hospitalandwas able to find the virus (病毒) of this influenza. There are three main types of the influenza virus. The most important of these are type A and B, each of them having several subgroups. With the instruments at the hospital the doctor recognized that the outbreak was due to a virus in group A, but he did not know the subgroup. Then he reported the outbreak to the World Health Organization(WHO)in Geneva. WHO published the important news alongside reports of a similar outbreak in Hong Kong, where about 1520% of the population had become ill. As soon as the London doctors received the package of throat samples, doctors began the standard tests. They found that by reproducing itself with very high speed, the virus had grown more than a million times within two days. Continuing their careful tests, the doctors checked the effect of drugs against all the known subgroups of virus type A. None of them gave any protection. This, then, was something new, a new influenza virus, against which the people of the world had no help whatever. Having found the virus they were working with, the two doctors now dropped it into the noses of some specially selected animals, which get influenza much as human beings do. In a short time the usual signs of the disease appeared. These experiments proved that the new virus was easy to catch, but that it was not a killer. Scientists, like the general public, call it simply Asian flu. The first discovery of the virus, however, was made in China before the disease had appeared in other countries. Various reports showed that the influenza outbreak started in China, probably in February of 1957. By the middle of March it had spread all over China. The virus was found by Chinese doctors early in March. But China was then not a member of WHO and therefore didnt report the disease to it. Not until two months later, when the virus spread to Singapore, did the news of the outbreak reach the rest of the world. By this time it was started on its way around the world.56.As the doctor in Singapore found the disease, he _.A) reported the outbreak to WHO B) found the subgroup of the virusC) was keen on naming the diseaseD) set his patients apart from others答案：A解析：第二段倒數(shù)第二句指出，醫(yī)生向位于日內(nèi)瓦的世界衛(wèi)生組織報(bào)告。所以B正確。57.The truth about the virus in this passage was that it _.A) had been stored in a fridgeB) could reproduce with high speed C) was a derivation from othersD) was a weak type答案：B解析：根據(jù)第三段第二句：They found that by reproducing itself with very high speed.可知，C為正確答案。第三段第五句指出，這是一個(gè)新的流感病毒，并不是衍生出來(lái)的，故B不正確。58.Which statement is TRUE about the influenza according to the passage?A) Animals were alert to this disease.B) There were no effective drugs for it. C) It could only be spread among children.D) It had been identified many years before.答案：B解析：第三段第四句指出，沒(méi)有一種藥物可以防御它，故C正確。倒數(shù)第四句指出，動(dòng)物和人類一樣容易感染流感，故D錯(cuò)誤。59.According to the experiment on animals, we can find that _.A) there was no significant sign of the fluB) the flu was serious but not deadly C) the flu was easy to cause death to animalsD) the flu has a more serious effect on animals答案：B解析：第三段倒數(shù)第二句和第三句指出這種流感是有癥狀的，但不會(huì)致死。所以D正確。60.It can be inferred that the first measure for WHO to track a disease such as influenza is to _.A) train more highly skillful expertsB) set apart adequate time to study the factC) set up an efficient reporting service D) cooperate with every doctor well答案：C解析：題目為WHO通過(guò)怎樣的措施來(lái)追蹤例如流感這樣的疾病。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容，此次流感是從中國(guó)開(kāi)始的，但因?yàn)橹袊?guó)當(dāng)時(shí)不是WHO的成員國(guó)，故沒(méi)有上報(bào)疾病的爆發(fā)。后傳到新加坡，才由新加坡報(bào)告到WHO的。所以WHO了解疾病爆發(fā)及傳播的主要途徑就是：建立一個(gè)有效的上報(bào)機(jī)構(gòu)以便成員國(guó)上報(bào)具體情況。所以A正確。試題解析：本文主要講述了金錢與幸福的關(guān)系一個(gè)人完全沒(méi)有金錢固然不行，但有了金錢也不能保證得到幸福。本文還進(jìn)一步挖掘了幸福與社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況之間的關(guān)系，指出所謂的“美國(guó)矛盾”，即物質(zhì)財(cái)富充裕和精神匱乏之間的矛盾。 Does money buy happiness? Not! Ah, but would a little more money make us a little happier? Many of us smirk (傻笑，假笑) and nod. There is, we believe, some connection between fiscal fitness and emotional fulfillment. Three in four American collegians (大學(xué)生) now consider it very important or essential that they become very well off financially. Money matters. But a surprising fact of life is that in countries where nearly everyone can afford lifes necessities, increasing affluence matters surprisingly little. The correlation between income and happiness is surprisingly weak, observed University of Michigan researcher Ronald Inglehart in one 16-nation study of 170,000 people. Once comfortable, more money provides diminishing returns. The second piece of pie, or the second $100,000, never tastes as good as the first. Even lottery winners and the Forbes 100 wealthiest Americans have expressed only slightly greater happiness than the average American. Making it big brings temporary joy. But in the long run wealth is like health: its utter absence can breed misery, but having it doesnt guarantee happiness. Happiness seems less a matter of getting what we want than of wanting what we have. Has our happiness floated upward with the rising economic tide? Are we happier today than in 1940s, when two out of five homes lacked a shower or tub? Actually, we are not. Since 1957, the number of Americans who say they are very happy has declined from 35 to 32 percent. Meanwhile, the divorce rate has doubled, the teen suicide rate has nearly tripled (使成三倍), the violent crime rate has nearly quadrupled (使成四倍) (even after the recent decline), and more people than ever (especially teens and young adults) are depressed. This soaring wealth and shrinking spirit is called the American paradox. More than ever, we have big houses and broken homes, high incomes and low morale, secured rights and diminished civility. We excel at making a living but often fail at making a life. We celebrate our prosperity but yearn for a purpose. We cherish our freedoms but long for connection. In an age of plenty, we feel spiritual hunger.61.Which of the following statements best expresses the authors view?A) In the long run, happiness grows with economy.B) The more money we earn, the happier we would be.C) The more money we earn, the diminished returns we have.D) In the long run, money cannot guarantee happiness. 答案：D解析：A項(xiàng)與C項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤。B項(xiàng)只是第二段在舉例證明時(shí)提出的觀點(diǎn)，這句話的意思是“幸福感還是隨著金錢的增加而增長(zhǎng)，只是增加量在減少?！边@并不是文章的主旨，是為了論證“長(zhǎng)期來(lái)看，金錢不能保證幸福”。因此D正確。62.The second $100,000 never tastes as good as the first, because _.A) it is not so important as the first $100,000B) its not so fresh as the first $100,000C) profit brought by it is less than that from the first $100,000D) happiness brought by it is less than that from the first $100,000 答案：D解析：該句是用非常形象的說(shuō)法解釋了前一句話Once comfortable, more money provides diminishing returns ，即，“第二張餅不如第一張香，第二次獲得10 萬(wàn)美元不如第一次那樣開(kāi)心。”經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)術(shù)語(yǔ)diminishing returns 的含義是“收益遞減”，但在文中是指“幸福感遞減”。因此，A項(xiàng)、B項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)不對(duì)，只有D項(xiàng)為正確答案。63.In this passage, the American paradox probably means _ (Para. 4).A) the American characteristicB) the American contradiction C) the American wonderD) the American phenomenon答案：B解析：paradox意為“矛盾”。該詞匯出現(xiàn)的前后均有提示，用的都是并列的兩個(gè)概念形成對(duì)比。第四段的第一句實(shí)際上就是對(duì)paradox的解釋soaring wealth and shrinking spirit，其后的幾句話也是對(duì)這一說(shuō)法的具體闡述。故選B項(xiàng)。64.The example of what happened after 1957 is given to illustrate that _.A) young people are not happy about their lifeB) peoples spiritual needs cannot be fulfilled by wealth C) social crimes have increased by a large marginD) family problems become more and more serious答案：B解析：第三段可以分為兩個(gè)層次，前三句構(gòu)成設(shè)問(wèn)句為第一層，后面兩句為第二層。第二層主要起到承上啟下的作用：通過(guò)列數(shù)字、舉事例來(lái)說(shuō)明第一層的觀點(diǎn)，同時(shí)進(jìn)一步轉(zhuǎn)入到第四段。因此，文中列舉出的1957 年以后的事例都是想要說(shuō)明隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，人們并沒(méi)有為此而增加幸福感，相反，幸福感還會(huì)減少。接下來(lái)的第四段第一句話，實(shí)際上是對(duì)第三段第二層的總結(jié)。B項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)the divorce rate，C項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)violent crime rate，D項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)teen suicide rate ，這些都只是對(duì)現(xiàn)象的單方面歸納，而非結(jié)論。A項(xiàng)則是綜合性的結(jié)論。65.According to the passage, people excel at making a living but _.A) dont know how to spend moneyB) dont have any aim or idealC) dont have any contact with other peopleD) dont know how to enjoy life 答案：D解析：文中最后一段說(shuō)，我們善于謀生，但卻往往不會(huì)營(yíng)造生活。根據(jù)上下文，并列的兩個(gè)相對(duì)概念中，前者為積極的方面，后者則是消極的方面。A項(xiàng)aim or ideal 對(duì)應(yīng)的是purpose，C項(xiàng)contact with other people 對(duì)應(yīng)的是connection，D項(xiàng)無(wú)對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容，只有B項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是making a living，故選B項(xiàng)。文章主要講述的是作者在國(guó)外教學(xué)的經(jīng)歷和對(duì)國(guó)外教學(xué)的看法。作者主要把自己在英國(guó)教學(xué)和在泰國(guó)教學(xué)的經(jīng)歷做了對(duì)比。通過(guò)對(duì)比，作者總結(jié)出幾點(diǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)：第一，學(xué)校管理層應(yīng)該更加重視教師職業(yè)的發(fā)展；第二，激發(fā)學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力對(duì)他們而言更有裨益；第三，如果一個(gè)人想恢復(fù)對(duì)教育熱情可以嘗試去國(guó)外作教師。 Imagine working at a school where you rarely have to use your disciplinary skills, and the students are motivated to succeed and lead well-rounded lives by participating in sporting and creative activities. Even better, imagine a parent-teacher conference where the parents respect you and your professional development is of concern to the schools administration. These are the benefits I have attained from my move into an international teaching career. Prior to securing my position as an international teacher in Thailand, I worked for over three years in England. While I enjoyed my time there and learned a lot from my colleagues, there were parts of the job I didnt like. Thats one of the reasons I now teach at an international school. When I was teaching in England, I often found that I had spent much of my time on discipline. However, as an international educator, I dont have even a quarter of the discipline issues I had when I was teaching in England. Its not because I teach less students; I still teach classes of 23 to 25 students. The reason I spend less time on discipline is because teaching is a respected profession in Thailand and therefore teachers are treated very well by the whole community. Here in Thailand, the majority of students are motivated to succeed academically. The whole school has a culture of rewarding success. This is in part because we are in Thailand, but it is also an integral (不可缺少的) component of the educational philosophy in the International Baccalaureate Organizations (IBO) curriculum. In the UK I was constantly giving of myself to keep my students motivated and believing that they could achieve well if they put in the effort. After a while this became draining. Now I can concentrate onteaching and opening my students eyes to the wider world because they are so motivated to learn. If you are not feeling the passion for education that originally inspired you to become a teacher, perhaps you should be looking at moving overseas. An additional benefit is that the salary is better than I was getting in the United Kingdom as well!56.In Thailand, the author seldom has to use disciplinary skills because _.A) the students would not like the author to use disciplinary skillsB) the author is not good at using disciplinary skillsC) the students are self-conscious and teachers are respected D) the author has less students to deal with答案：C解析：文章分別在兩個(gè)段落中明確提到作者在學(xué)校很少懲罰學(xué)生的原因。第一段開(kāi)頭部分提到，可以想象：在一個(gè)很少用懲罰性方法的學(xué)校工作，學(xué)生們都以成功為目的，而且通過(guò)參加運(yùn)動(dòng)和有創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)來(lái)豐富生活（.students are motivated to succeed and lead well-rounded lives by participating in sporting and creative activities）；文章第三段中提到我在校規(guī)方面花很少時(shí)間是因?yàn)樵谔﹪?guó)，教育是一種受尊重的職業(yè)，因此全社會(huì)都對(duì)教師非常好（The reason I spend less time on discipline is because teaching is a respected profession in Thailand and therefore teachers are treated very well by the whole community），由此可以分析出，正是學(xué)生的自覺(jué)性和教師受到尊重這兩個(gè)原因，所以選C。57.Which of the following is NOT parts of the job I didnt like (Para. 2)?A) Consuming much time on discipline.B) Learning from the authors colleagues. C) Trying in vain to motivate the students.D) Losing the passion for teaching.答案：B解析：文章第二段中提到在那兒的時(shí)光我很高興，而且從同事們那里也學(xué)到了很多東西，不過(guò)也有我不喜歡的方面（While I enjoyed my time there and learned a lot from my colleagues, there were.），由此可以看出，作者“不喜歡的方面”并不包括從同事們那里學(xué)到很多東西。所以選C。58.The following are the authors benefits of working in Thailand EXCEPT _.A) concentrating on what to doB) developing professionallyC) earning more moneyD) feeling secured working in Thailand 答案：D解析：文章分別在三個(gè)段落中提到在泰國(guó)工作的好處。其中第一段提到學(xué)校的管理事務(wù)中涉及到了職業(yè)的發(fā)展（.and your professional development is of concern to the schools administration）；第四段中提到“現(xiàn)在我可以集中精力來(lái)教學(xué)”（Now I can concentrate on teaching and.）；第五段中提到另外一個(gè)好處就是薪水也比作者在英國(guó)時(shí)的多（An additional benefit is that the salary is better than I was getting in the United Kingdom as well），由此可以分析出，在泰國(guó)作教師的好處就在于以上三個(gè)方面，不包括選項(xiàng)D，所以選D。59.According to the passage, whats the authors attitude towards teaching overseas?A) Its much better to teach in Thailand than any other overseas countries.B) If one needs to regain passion for teaching, then its recommended. C) There is no clue about the authors attitude towards this matter.D) Its a recommended way to open ones eyes and deliver knowledge.答案：B解析：文章第五段開(kāi)頭部分提到，如果你感覺(jué)不到那種最初促使你成為一名教師的對(duì)教育的熱忱的話，或許你應(yīng)該去國(guó)外（If you are not feeling the passion for education that originally inspired you to become a teacher, perhaps you should be looking at moving overseas），由此可以看出，作者認(rèn)為如果一個(gè)人想要重獲對(duì)教育的熱忱，可以去國(guó)外作教師，所以選C。60.What can be inferred from this passage?A) The author usually had more classes in the United Kingdom.B) The author thinks keeping students motivated to learn brings more benefits to them. C) The author also regards British students as motivated ones.D) The author doesnt like the United Kingdom at all.答案：B解析：考生回答此問(wèn)題需要從整體上理解文章。文章第一段中提到一所很少使用懲罰性校規(guī)的學(xué)校，學(xué)生們都以成功為目的，而且通過(guò)參加運(yùn)動(dòng)和有創(chuàng)造性的活動(dòng)來(lái)豐富生活；文章第四段中提到我現(xiàn)在可以集中精力教學(xué)，為學(xué)生們面向更廣闊的世界打開(kāi)視野，因?yàn)閷W(xué)生們也被激發(fā)出學(xué)習(xí)的動(dòng)力，由此可以看出，作者認(rèn)為激發(fā)出學(xué)生們的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)力對(duì)他們更有好處，所以選D。試題解析：文章講述了亞洲人口老齡化的現(xiàn)象。在未來(lái)的50年里，亞洲人口老齡化的現(xiàn)象會(huì)繼續(xù)加劇，僅南亞和東亞就占有世界老齡人口數(shù)量的一半，這些皆可歸因于醫(yī)療和公共衛(wèi)生事業(yè)的大力發(fā)展。但是，亞洲人民的生活質(zhì)量還有待提高。而相比較而言，西方國(guó)家各方面的發(fā)展則比較均衡，因此，亞洲國(guó)家需要制定新的策略來(lái)發(fā)展和完善與人口相適應(yīng)的各項(xiàng)服務(wù)。 Asias population is growing old. All across Asia, the number of people aged 65 and above is expected to grow dramatically over the next 50 years. For the region as a whole, the population in this age group will increase by 314%from 207 million in 2000 to 857 million in 2050. Surveys commissioned by the United Nations also indicate that by the early half of the 21st century, South and East Asia will have almost half the worlds elderly people. The aging of Asia is essentially a story of success. But advances in medicine and public health over the past two decades have far outstripped (超過(guò)) theprogress on other fronts. If Asia continues moving down the path of Western-style industrial development with its urban expansion, radical policy adjustments will be essential to maintain a sense of balance. What has long been one of the societys primary goalslong life for its peopleis rapidly becoming one of its major problems. Having learned to postpone death, the region must now address itself to the quality of life of the survivors. A series of recent studies reflect the view that Asiais about to age too early. Some Western societies had smaller populations, which grew during the industrial revolution, concurrent (一致的) with advances in health, education and welfare, which to a great extent eased the problems posed by the growing numbers and increasing age of the population. But some Asian nations have had to search for strategies to improve these same services. The result has been a separated, sectoral (部門的) approach which has focused on medicine and public health while leaving education, housing, consumer goods production, income distribution and institutional modernization aside. However, balanced improvements in all these areas are essential if some guarantee of a decent existence is to be provided to the growing people now considered fortunate to be able to reflect on their youth.61.There are more old people in Asia today because _.A) its medicine and public health have been improved B) its industrialization has been sped upC) Asia is an old continentD) there has been Western-style industrial development答案：A解析：文章第三段開(kāi)頭部分提到亞洲的老齡化本質(zhì)上是一種成功，但是在過(guò)去的二十多年中，醫(yī)藥和公共衛(wèi)生的進(jìn)步遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超過(guò)了其他方面的進(jìn)步（The aging of Asia is essentially a story of success. But advances in medicine and public health over the past two decades have far outstripped the progress on other fronts），由此可以推斷出，亞洲老齡化主要應(yīng)該歸因于醫(yī)藥和公共衛(wèi)生條件的改善，所以選C。62.In the authors view, Asia now needs to _.A) improve the general standards of living B) increase its rate of urbanizationC) stop people from getting so oldD) change attitudes towards old age答案：A解析：文章第四段中提到，已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)延緩人們死亡的亞洲國(guó)家，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該致力于人民的生活質(zhì)量的改善（Having learned to postpone death, the region must now address itself to the quality of life of the survivors），由此可以看出，作者認(rèn)為亞洲國(guó)家現(xiàn)在需要提高人民生活的整體水平，所以選D。63.It can be learned that some Western countries _.A) learned solutions from elsewhereB) rejected the problem of old ageC) experienced the same problem in the pastD) developed in a more balanced way 答案：D解析：文章第五段提到，一些西方國(guó)家擁有很少的人口，在工業(yè)革命時(shí)期，人口的增長(zhǎng)與醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、教育和社會(huì)福利的進(jìn)步是相一致的（Some Western societies had smaller populations, which grew during the industrial revolution, concurrent with advances in health, education and welfare.），由此可以推斷出，一些西方國(guó)家各方面的發(fā)展更加均衡，所以選B。64.According to the passage, some Asian countries _.A) have been able to afford to buy most solutions they wanted from elsewhereB) have made unwise decisions on the approach to improving services C) have imported solutions from other countriesD) have guaranteed a comfortable old age life to their citizens答案：B解析：文章第六段開(kāi)頭部分提到，但是一些亞洲國(guó)家已經(jīng)不得不尋找策略來(lái)完善相應(yīng)的服務(wù)（But some Asian nations have had to search for strategies to improve these same services），由此可以看出，有些亞洲國(guó)家在完善相應(yīng)的服務(wù)中曾經(jīng)做出過(guò)不明智的抉擇，現(xiàn)在不得不尋找策略來(lái)完善相應(yīng)的服務(wù)，所以選A。65.The author claims that to be old in Asia is now considered _.A) expensiveB) healthyC) a curseD) lucky 答案：D解析：文章第六段的結(jié)尾處提到現(xiàn)在上歲數(shù)的人被認(rèn)為是幸運(yùn)的（. to be provided to the growing people now considered fortun