河南省陜州中學(xué)高三英語上學(xué)期階段性考試前模擬訓(xùn)練試題（含解析）.doc

河南省陜州中學(xué)2016屆高三英語上學(xué)期階段性考試前模擬訓(xùn)練試題（含解析） 時(shí)間：120分鐘 滿分：150分第卷第二部分 閱讀理解 （共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) （共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文 ，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng) （a 、b 、c 和 d ）中 ，選出最佳選項(xiàng) ，并在題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。 avisitors worry that london is an expensive city but there really are so many free things to do here. the following ideas should get you started. all of londons major museums are free, but most offer some special exhibitions for a fee. my favorite is the museum of london where you can learn the history of london from roman times to today. and i love the geffrye museum which shows english domestic interiors and helps bring to life what it was really like to live in london. i regularly hear people tell me the queen marys rose gardens in regents park is their favorite spot in london, and who am i to argue? i would also recommend st. jamess park as it offers one of the best views of buckingham palace. hyde park is enormous and kensington gardens nearby includes the ever popular diana memorial playground and the peter pan statue. no visit to london is complete without seeing this military tradition. the queens guard in london changes in the forecourt inside the gates of buckingham palace at 11.30am every day in the summer and every other day in the winter. get there early and view the spectacle from outside the front gates. trafalgar square is one of britains greatest visitor attractions and was designed by john nash in the 1820s and constructed in the 1830s. this iconic square has many sights to see including nelsons column and the national gallery. it is both a tourist attraction and the main focus for political demonstrations. every december, norway donates a marvelous christmas tree, to thank britain for liberation from the nazis. 21. where can visitors find the peter pan statue?a. in regents park. b. in st. jamess park.c. in hyde park. d. in kensington gardens.22. which of the following descriptions is true?a. in the geffrye museum visitors can learn the history of london from roman times to today.b. the queen marys rose gardens is in buckingham palace. c. there is the queens guard change inside the gates of buckingham palace at 11.30 am every day all year around.d. trafalgar square is both a tourist attraction and a place for political demonstrations.23. the writer wrote the passage to _. a .compare some free places in london. b. advertise some free places in london. c. recommend some free places in london. d. expose some free places in london.【答案】21.d22.d23.c【解析】試題分析:本文作者向想到倫敦旅游的游客們推薦幾個(gè)可以免費(fèi)游覽的好去處。21.d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段hyde park is enormous and kensington gardens nearby includes the ever popular diana memorial playground and the peter pan statue. 可知graham是一個(gè)吸毒者，由此判斷他和朋友們都注射毒品，故選d。22.d細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段trafalgar square is one of britains greatest visitor attractions and was designed by john nash in the 1820s and constructed in the 1830s. . it is both a tourist attraction and the main focus for political demonstrations.可知倫敦特法拉廣場不僅是一個(gè)旅游景點(diǎn)也是一個(gè)主要的政治示威場地，故選d。23.c 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段visitors worry that london is an expensive city but there really are so many free things to do here. the following ideas should get you started.可知本文作者向想到倫敦旅游的游客們推薦幾個(gè)可以免費(fèi)游覽的好去處，故選c?？键c(diǎn)：考查旅游類短文閱讀bbeijing - a research team led by chinese scientists have discovered dietary modulation of gut microbiota（膳食干預(yù)腸道菌群）can alleviate both genetic and simple obesity in children.the findings of the team, led by zhao liping with shanghai jiaotong university, yin aihua with the guangdong province childrens hospital, and tang huiru with chinese academy of sciences, have been published on ebiomedicine, a renowned medical journal co-sponsored by cell and the lancet in july.the team identified bacterial genomes specifically for producing obesity-related metabolites（代謝物）, and said an improved gut microbiota can significantly help to treat genetic obesity such as prader-willi syndrome (pws).beginning in childhood, pws affected kids develop an insatiable appetite, leading to chronic overeating and obesity. the scientists used a diet therapy with beneficial gut bacteria on trial patients and found considerable diminished appetite, weight loss and improved health conditions on the patients.the paper concluded dysbiosis （失調(diào)）of gut microbiota is highly related with both genetic and simple obesity in children, implicating dietary modulation of gut microbiota a potentially effective treatment method.24. which of the following factors contributes to child obesity?a. dietary modulation of gut microbiota b. beneficial gut bacteria c. an improved gut microbiota d. dysbiosis of gut microbiota25. which can replace the underlined word “diminished”？a. unsatisfied b. increased c. decreased d. good 26. where is the passage extracted?a. medicine book b science book c. doctors instructions d news report27. which might be the best title for the passage?a. chinese scientists discover treatment to child obesity.b .the reasons for genetic obesity in children has been found.c. obesity-related research has been done by chinese scientists.d. an effective treatment to obesity has been found. 【答案】24.d25.c26.d27.a【解析】試題分析:本文介紹了：中國科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)腸道菌群失調(diào)是影響兒童單純性肥胖癥和遺傳性肥胖的主要因素,可以通過膳食來干預(yù)腸道菌群，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為兒童單純性肥胖癥的防治提供依據(jù)。24.d推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段the paper concluded dysbiosis （失調(diào)）of gut microbiota is highly related with both genetic and simple obesity in children,可知腸道菌群失調(diào)會引起兒童肥胖，故選d。25.c猜測詞義題。根據(jù)第五段 diminished appetite, weight loss and improved health conditions on the patients. 中劃線詞后面是體重下降，健康狀況改善可知是胃口食欲減損，選c。26.d推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容得知這是一篇關(guān)于健康的報(bào)道，應(yīng)該是摘自于新聞報(bào)道中的科研板塊 故選d。27.a 最佳標(biāo)題題。文章介紹了中國科學(xué)家們發(fā)現(xiàn)：腸道菌群失調(diào)是影響兒童單純性肥胖癥和遺傳性肥胖的主要因素,可以通過膳食來干預(yù)腸道菌群，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)為兒童單純性肥胖癥的防治提供依據(jù)，故選a?？键c(diǎn)：考查健康研究類短文閱讀cgetting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. however, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.in the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. a particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. by 1538, the french king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. so did the king of england in 1546. thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. henry iv, king of france, was famously dirty. upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.though the belief in the merit of dirt was long-lived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since world war . advertisements repeatedly sell the idea: clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays. many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.on the contrary, mary ruebush, an american immunologist(免疫學(xué)家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system. and the latter position is gaining some ground.28. the kings of france and england in the 16th century closed bath houses because .a. they lived healthily in a dirty environment.b. they believed disease could be spread in public baths c. they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay ind. they considered bathing as the cause of skin disease29. which of the following best describes henry ivs attitude to bathing?a. approving. b. afraid. c. curious d. uninterested.30. how does the passage mainly develop?a. by providing examples. b. by making comparisons.c. by following the order of time. d. by following the order of importance.31. what is the authors purpose in writing the passage?a. to stress the role of dirt. b. to introduce the history of dirt.c. to call attention to the danger of dirt. d. to present the change of views on dirt.【答案】28.b29.b30.c31.d考點(diǎn)：考查歷史知識類短文閱讀dwelcome to your future life!you get up in the morning and look into the mirror. your face is firm and young-looking. in 2035, medical technology is better than ever. many people your age could live to be 150, so at 40, youre not old at all. and your parents just had an anti-aging(抗衰老的) treatment. now, all three of you look the same age!you say to your shirt, “turn red.” it changes from blue to red. in 2035, “smart clothes” contain particles(粒子) much smaller than the cells in your body. the particles can be programmed to change clothes color or pattern.you walk into the kitchen. you pick up the milk, but a voice says, “you shouldnt drink that!” your fridge has read the chip (芯片) that contains information about the milk , and it knows the milk is old . in 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.its time to go to work. in 2035, cars drive themselves. just tell your “smart car” where to go. on the way, you can call a friend using your jacket sleeve. such “smart technology” is all around you.so will all these things come true? “for new technology to succeed,” says scientist andrew zolli, “it has to be so much better that it replaces what we have already.” the internet is one example - what will be the next?32. we can learn from the text that in the future_.a. people will never get old b. everyone will look the samec. red will be the most popular color d. clothes will be able to change their pattern33. what can be inferred from paragraph 4?a. milk will be harmful to health.b. more drinks will be available for sale.c. milk in the grocery store will stay fresh much longer.d. food in the grocery store will carry electronic information.34. which of the following is mentioned in the text?a. fridges will know what people need.b. jacket sleeves can be used as a guide.c. cars will be able to drive automatically. d. nothing can replace the internet.35. what is the text mainly about?a. future technology in everyday life.b. food and clothing in 2035.c. medical treatments of the future. d. the reason for the success of new technology. 【答案】32.d33.d34.c35.a【解析】試題分析:本文是科技小短文，主要暢想了未來30-50年人們生活所發(fā)生的一系列變化。32. d 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段the particles can be programmed to change your clothes color or pattern.進(jìn)行推斷：在未來你所穿的衣服可以通過變化粒子來改變顏色和樣式。a和b都與第一段的內(nèi)容相關(guān)，但不是推斷結(jié)果；c與文章內(nèi)容無關(guān)。，選c。33.d推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句話in 2035, every article of food in the grocery store has such a chip.進(jìn)行推斷：未來商店的食物都含有一個(gè)芯片，故選d。34.c推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段判斷a錯(cuò)誤，冰箱只能告訴你食物信息；根據(jù)第三段判斷b錯(cuò)誤,衣服可以改變顏色和樣式但沒有說可以當(dāng)作向?qū)?。文章的最后一句話判斷d錯(cuò)，因特網(wǎng)也會在未來被替代；用排除法判斷c正確在未來，汽車可以無人駕駛，故選c。35.a 主旨大意題。根據(jù)本文主要內(nèi)容都是敘述的是在未來人們的衣食住行的變化，可知選a。考點(diǎn)：考查科技類短文閱讀第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10 分） 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 while the rest of the world is waking up as the weather turns warm, our bodies may not respond the same way. many of us may share the same feeling of inexplicable drowsiness as we embrace spring, and traditional chinese medicine (tcm) has a term for it: chunkun, spring sleepiness._36_.1. dont sleep more, exercise moreeight hours of sleep is usually enough for adults. getting longer sleep may reduce activity in the cerebral cortex, making people sleepier. _37_. aerobic exercise, such as jogging, swimming and rope skipping, are recommended.2._38_a cup of coffee or tea that contains a good amount of caffeine is good for the health, and is important to keep us alert for important occasions, such as crucial meeting. however, too much coffee may cause an accelerated heartbeat, anxiety and other symptoms that may be linked to heart problems.3. splash cold water on your faceif a cup of coffee doesnt keep you awake long enough, try splashing cold water on your face, which is always refreshing.4. get some fresh air_39_. bad air flow will lead to insufficient oxygen, which will affect the brains performance. 5. drink enough water try to always have a bottle of water next to you, as it can help to eliminate accumulated toxins and help to fight spring fatigue. _40_.if none of the above tips work for you, you should be fine by the end of april.a. fight back with caffeine but do not overdoseb. find the natural scent that awakes you c. make sure that air flows properly in your office and bedroom.d. you can also add slices of lemon to make it vitamin-rich.e. also go outdoors to get close to nature.f. although spring sleepiness is not an illness, the following tips might be essential for those who really need to stay awake.g. instead, a slight increase of the level of your physical activity will make us feel awake and energetic.【答案】36.f37.g38.a39.c40.d【解析】試題分析:春天是萬物復(fù)蘇，生機(jī)勃勃的季節(jié)，在這春暖花開的時(shí)候，人卻常感到困倦，特別愛睡，所以古人說“春眠不覺曉”。本文介紹了五種方法來克服“春眠”。36.f 考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。前句介紹春暖花開的時(shí)候人們卻困倦欲睡，下文提到了五個(gè)技巧，由此判斷空格內(nèi)容提到了如何克服春困的問題，而f選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容although spring sleepiness is not an illness, the following tips might be essential for those who really need to stay awake.恰好符合語境，起到承接作用，故選f。37.g考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。標(biāo)題建議少睡多鍛煉，由此可知建議我們增加鍛煉的活動會使我們保持清醒，判斷g選項(xiàng)instead, a slight increase of the level of your physical activity will make us feel awake and energetic.符合語境。38.a考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。本段介紹了使用咖啡或茶來提神，但是過量會導(dǎo)致心跳加快、焦慮等，由此判斷a選項(xiàng)fight back with caffeine but do not overdose.可以起到統(tǒng)領(lǐng)本段的作用，選a。39.c考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。標(biāo)題建議應(yīng)該多呼吸新鮮空氣，下文提到了渾濁的空氣讓人缺氧，而c選項(xiàng)make sure that air flows properly in your office and bedroom.恰好是對標(biāo)題的進(jìn)一步解釋，故選c。40.d考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。前句提到多喝水，從而推斷后句內(nèi)容應(yīng)涉及飲食方面，而d選項(xiàng)you can also add slices of lemon to make it vitamin-rich.是介紹加幾片檸檬給人們帶來的好處，故選d?？键c(diǎn)：考查信息匹配第三部分 英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（a、b、c和d）中，選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。it was a bitter, cold evening in northern virginia many years ago. the old man was _41_ for a ride across the river. the wait seemed _42_. his body became stiff(僵硬的) from the cold north wind.he heard the _43_ of approaching hooves(馬蹄) running along the frozen path. anxiously, he _44_ as several horsemen rounded the bend. he let the first one pass by _45_ an effort to get his attention. then another passed by, and another. _46_, the last rider drew near. the old man caught the riders eyes and said, “sir, would you _47_ giving an old man a ride to the other side?”reining (勒住) his horse, the rider replied, “sure thing. hop_48_.” the horseman got off and helped the old man onto the horse. he took the old man not _49_ across the river, but to his destination.as they neared the tiny but cozy cottage, the horsemans _50_ caused him to inquire, “sir, i noticed that you let several other riders pass by. im curious _51_ you would wait and ask the last rider. what if i had _52_ and left you there?”the old man replied, “i looked into the eyes of the other _53_ and immediately saw there was no concern for my situation. it would have been _54_ even to ask them for a ride. but when i looked into your eyes, kindness and compassion were _55_. i knew your gentle spirit would _56_ the opportunity to help me.”those heartwarming comments _57_ the horseman deeply. “im most _58_ for what you have said,” he told the old man. “may i _59_ get too busy in my own affairs so that i fail to _60_ to the needs of others with kindness and compassion.” with that, thomas jefferson turned his horse around and made his way back to the white house.41.a.waiting b.searching c.preparing d.leaving42.a.wordless b.priceless c.careless d.endless43.a.number b.distance c.rhythm d.length44.a.stopped b.watched c.followed d.wandered45.a.beyond b.with c.through d.without46.a.finally b.luckily c.sadly d.slowly47.a.enjoy b.avoid c.mind d.admit48.a.ahead b.aboard c.below d.above49.a.still b.yet c.even d.just50.a.courage b.determination c.curiosity d.bravery51.a.why b.when c.how d.where52.a.agreed b.changed c.escaped d.refused53.a.soldiers b.riders c.leaders d.enemies54.a.successful b.necessary c.useless d.impolite55.a.obvious b.missing c.hidden d.helpful56.a.order b.force c.allow d.welcome57.a.affected b.touched c.injured d.shocked58.a.careful b.peaceful c.grateful d.powerful59.a.never b.always c.usually d.often60.a.stick b.lead c.point d.respond【答案】41.a42.d43.c44.b45.d46.a47.c48.b49.d50.c51.a52.d53.b54.c55.a56.d57.b58.c59.a60.d【解析】試題分析：本文是一篇記敘文。在一個(gè)寒冷的傍晚，一個(gè)老人等待過路的騎者帶他過河。然而好幾個(gè)騎者過去了，老人都無動于衷。當(dāng)最后一個(gè)騎者過來時(shí)，老人請求他的幫助。他們順利的到達(dá)了目的地。騎者很好奇的問老人為什么不尋求前面幾個(gè)人的幫助。老人回答說自己沒有在他們的眼中看到關(guān)心，而從這最后一位騎者眼中看到了。這位騎者就是托馬斯.杰斐遜。41.a考查動詞。a.waiting 等待 ； b.searching 尋找； c.preparing 準(zhǔn)備； d.leaving離開；從下句the wait提示詞，可知老人在等待帶他過河的騎者，故選a。42.d考查形容詞。a.wordless沉默的；無言的； b.priceless 無價(jià)之寶的；c.careless 粗心的；d.endless無盡頭的；根據(jù)通常等待的人都會覺得時(shí)間過得慢，而這樣寒冷的夜晚就更漫長，另外下段的at last，以及后面的老人都凍僵了的描寫都是線索。所以，故選d。43.c考查名詞。a.number 數(shù)字；b.distance 距離；c.rhythm 旋律； d.length長度；根據(jù)下文中several horsemen”好幾個(gè)騎者“騎著馬臨近，可知過了很長時(shí)間老人才聽到了有節(jié)奏的馬蹄聲，故選c。44. b考查動詞。a.stopped停止；b.watched 觀看；c.followed跟著； d.wandered閑逛；從第五段老人解釋他為什么只向最后一位騎手求助的原因可以看出，他是根據(jù)這些騎手的眼神做出判斷的，所以watch正確。故判斷選b。45. d考查介詞。a.beyond超出； b.with 和；伴隨；c.through 穿過； d.without沒有