【步步高】高考英語大二輪專題復(fù)習(xí) （高考回眸+模擬演練+高分特訓(xùn)）專題十四 名詞.doc

專題14名詞1with inspiration from other food cultures，american food culture can take a_for the better.(2013江蘇，33)ashare bchancecturn dlead答案c解析句意為：受到了其他飲食文化的啟發(fā)，美國的飲食文化正朝更好的方向發(fā)展。take a share分擔(dān)，為出力；take a chance冒險(xiǎn)；take a turn轉(zhuǎn)變，轉(zhuǎn)彎；take a lead領(lǐng)先，帶頭。2poetry written from the_of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.(2013湖北，21)aperspective bprioritycparticipation dprivilege答案a解析考查名詞辨析。句意為：從都市青年的角度寫的詩歌傾向于反映他們對(duì)缺乏歸屬感的焦慮。a項(xiàng)意為“觀點(diǎn)，看法”；b項(xiàng)意為“優(yōu)先，優(yōu)先權(quán)”；c項(xiàng)意為“參加，參與；分享”；d項(xiàng)意為“特權(quán)；榮幸”。結(jié)合句意可知正確答案為a項(xiàng)。3the accident caused some_to my car，but its nothing serious.(2013遼寧，23)aharm binjurycruin ddamage答案d解析考查名詞辨析。句意為：這次事故對(duì)我的車造成一些損傷，但不嚴(yán)重。根據(jù)but its nothing serious可知損傷不嚴(yán)重，用damage表示可以修復(fù)。harm一般指對(duì)人的無形傷害；injury指對(duì)人體部位的挫傷；ruin指不可修復(fù)的嚴(yán)重傷害。4while she was in paris，she developed a _for fine art.(2013天津，7)away brelationctaste dhabit答案c解析考查名詞辨析。develop a taste for.意為“養(yǎng)成愛好；喜歡上；愛上”。way意為“方法”；relation意為“關(guān)系”；taste意為“愛好”；habit意為“習(xí)慣”。5as the worlds population continues to grow，the _ of food becomes more and more of a concern.(2013浙江，4)aworth bsupplycpackage dlist答案b解析句意為：隨著世界人口持續(xù)增長，食品的供應(yīng)成了人們?cè)絹碓疥P(guān)心的事情。worth價(jià)值；supply供應(yīng)；package包裝；list名單。根據(jù)句意知，b項(xiàng)為正確答案。6my first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(2012山東，24)aexpression battentioncsatisfaction dimpression答案d解析expression表情，詞語；attention注意(力)，專心，關(guān)注；satisfaction滿意，滿足；impression印象。由題干中的關(guān)鍵信息“he was a kind and thoughtful young man”可推知這是“我”對(duì)他的“印象”。句意為：他給我的第一印象就是，他是一個(gè)和善且關(guān)心別人的年輕人。7can i help you with it?i appreciate your_，but i can manage it myself.(2012江蘇，21)aadvice bquestioncoffer didea答案c解析句意為：我可以幫你嗎？我感激你主動(dòng)提供幫助，但我自己能完成。offer出價(jià)，(主動(dòng)提供)幫助，符合題意。advice建議，勸告；question問題；idea想法，主意。8your_as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.(2012浙江，7)aoperation bgrowthcperformance dcharacter答案c解析句意為：作為一名學(xué)生，如果你能夠養(yǎng)成對(duì)所學(xué)的東西進(jìn)行思考的話，你的成績會(huì)很棒的。performance成績，表現(xiàn)，符合句意。operation操作，手術(shù)；growth增長；character人物，角色。9why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?well，you know，english is my _.so it is my best choice.(2012福建，25)astrength btalentcability dskill答案a解析strength長處；talent天賦；ability能力；skill技能。句意為：你為什么選擇在一家國際旅行社工作？噢，你知道的，英語是我的強(qiáng)項(xiàng)，所以那是我最好的選擇。根據(jù)句意可知a項(xiàng)最符合。10you are working too hard.youd better keep a_between work and relaxation.(2012天津，3)apromise bleadcbalance ddiary答案c解析句意為：你工作太努力了。你最好保持工作和休息之間的平衡。keep a balance保持平衡，符合句意。keep a promise遵守諾言；lead帶頭，領(lǐng)先的地位；diary日記。11youd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future_.(2012江西，29)apurpose breferencecprogress dmemory答案b解析記下電話號(hào)碼是以備日后參考，for future reference是字典中的典型表達(dá)。12it is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye disease that may not have any _.(2012湖北，29)asymptom bsimilaritycsample dshadow答案a解析句意為：定期進(jìn)行眼查，看看是否有可能沒有任何癥狀的眼疾的跡象，這是很重要的。symptom癥狀，符合句意。similarity類似；sample樣本；shadow陰影，都與句意不符。13the officer insisted that michael did not follow the correct _ in applying for a visa.(2012湖北，30)apattern bprocedurecprogram dperspective答案b解析句意為：這位官員堅(jiān)持認(rèn)定michael沒有按照正確的程序申請(qǐng)簽證。procedure程序，符合句意。pattern模式；program節(jié)目；perspective視角，都與句意不符。14he will come to understand your efforts sooner or later.its just a matter of _.(2012四川，15)aluck bvaluectime dfact答案c解析本題考查名詞辨析。句意為：他遲早會(huì)理解你付出的努力的。這只是時(shí)間問題。根據(jù)句意選c。15“tommy，run！be quick！the house is on fire！” the mother shouted，with _ clearly in her voice.(2011湖北，21)aanger brudenesscregret dpanic答案d解析句意為：tommy，快跑！快點(diǎn)！房子著火了！母親大聲喊著，聲音中明顯透著恐慌。anger生氣；rudeness粗魯；regret后悔；panic恐慌。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選d項(xiàng)。16giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big _，but now i know it was the best decision i ever made.(2011湖北，22)aproject bcommitmentccompetition dambition答案b解析句意為：放棄我的工作并重新接受全日制教育是一個(gè)重大的決定，但現(xiàn)在我知道這是我做過的最好決定。project項(xiàng)目；commitment承諾，投入，花費(fèi)；competition比賽；ambition志向。根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選b項(xiàng)。17always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of childrens _.(2011四川，13)atouch bsightcreach ddistance答案c解析句意為：永遠(yuǎn)都要記得把那些刀子之類的具有危險(xiǎn)性的東西放到孩子們夠不到的地方。touch聯(lián)系；sight視野；reach夠到，此處與out of構(gòu)成短語out of ones reach，指“在某人夠不到的地方”，符合句意；distance距離。18theres a _ in our office that when its somebodys birthday，they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2011山東，34)atradition bbalancecconcern drelationship答案a解析句意為：在我們辦公室有一個(gè)傳統(tǒng)，那就是在某一個(gè)人過生日時(shí)，那個(gè)人就帶一個(gè)蛋糕到辦公室和大家一起分享。tradition傳統(tǒng)；balance平衡；concern關(guān)心；relationship關(guān)系。根據(jù)句意知選a。19teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional_.(2011江蘇，27)aconsequence bindependenceccompetence dintelligence答案c解析句意為：教師必須不斷更新知識(shí)來保持他們的專業(yè)能力。consequence后果，結(jié)果；independence獨(dú)立；competence能力，技能，勝任；intelligence智力，智慧，才智。由句意可知選c項(xiàng)。20anyway，i cant cheat himits against all my_.(2011浙江，18)aemotions bprinciplescregulations dopinions答案b解析句意為：無論如何我不能騙他這違背了我的_。emotion感情，情感，情緒；principle原理，原則，行為準(zhǔn)則，為人之道；regulation規(guī)則，條例，法規(guī)；opinion看法，主意，主張。所以b項(xiàng)符合邏輯。1we have worked out the plan and now we must put it into _.afact brealitycpractice ddeed答案c解析o/in practice 為習(xí)慣用語，意思是“把付諸實(shí)施”。2the doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from his patients，so he has a very good _.aexpectation breputationccontribution dcivilization答案b解析expectation期望；reputation名聲，聲望，聲譽(yù)；contribution貢獻(xiàn)；civilization文明。結(jié)合句意可知答案應(yīng)為b項(xiàng)。3he kept sending her presents in an attempt to win her _.arespect bfavorcadmiration dpleasure答案b解析句意為：他不停地送禮物給她，試圖獲得她的好感。favor喜愛，寵愛，好感，歡心。4there are ten _ teachers and two hundred _ students in the school.awomen；girl bwoman；girlscwomen；girls dwoman；girl答案a解析名詞作定語時(shí)，通常用單數(shù)。但man與woman 作定語時(shí)，如果后面的名詞是單數(shù)，這兩個(gè)詞也用單數(shù)，如果后面的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)，這兩個(gè)詞也用復(fù)數(shù)，如：a man doctor，two men doctors 等。5the city government decided to keep the old temple for its historical _.aprice bcostcvalue dusefulness答案c解析price 指物品在金錢上的“價(jià)格”；cost 指事物的生產(chǎn)“成本或費(fèi)用”；value 指事物內(nèi)在的“價(jià)值”；usefulness 指事物“有用”。6theres no _ from my bedroom window except for some factory chimneys.aview bscenecsight dlook答案a解析view自然美景，風(fēng)景，指從某一角度看到的景色；scene景色；sight奇觀，壯觀；look看，瞧，望。本句句意為：除了一些工廠的煙囪外，從我臥室看不到任何風(fēng)景了。7some famous singers live on the_from their record sales.asalary bvaluecbill dincome答案d解析bill賬單，清單，顯然不符合題意；value“價(jià)值”是抽象的，不能用來消費(fèi)；salary“工資，薪水”，是按年、月發(fā)給相關(guān)人的，而本句的record sales并不是他們的工作；income“收入，收益”，通常指一個(gè)人收入所得的錢，不僅只是工資部分。結(jié)合上下文，應(yīng)該選d。8so far，i havent adapted to the fast _of the life in toronto.astep bstylecpace dmanner答案c解析step步伐；style風(fēng)格；pace步速，節(jié)奏；manner習(xí)慣，方式。句意為：到目前為止，我還沒有適應(yīng)多倫多快節(jié)奏的生活。9surely you can find the museum，for it is within easy_of your hotel.awalk breachcdistance dspace答案b解析within easy reach of sth.距不遠(yuǎn)(很近)。句意為：你一定會(huì)找到那個(gè)博物館的，因?yàn)樗x你的賓館很近。10each of us is likely to develop a personal _ for certain types of entertainment.acomparison bpossessioncpreference dadvantage答案c解析句意為：我們每個(gè)人都有可能養(yǎng)成對(duì)某些娛樂活動(dòng)的偏愛。preference偏愛，愛好，符合語境。11all the_indicates that he has been deeply involved in the crime.aevidence bfactcfactors dcause答案a解析考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為：所有的跡象表明他已經(jīng)深陷這次犯罪。evidence跡象；fact事實(shí)；factors因素；cause原因。根據(jù)句意選a項(xiàng)。12obamas success in presidential election proves that the color of ones skin shouldnt be a_to success.abarrier bbehaviorcbattle dbunch答案a解析考查名詞詞義辨析。句意為：奧巴馬總統(tǒng)競(jìng)選成功證明膚色不應(yīng)該成為成功的障礙。此處barrier意為“障礙”。13dr.king won the nobel peace prize in 1964 for his achievement and_.ahonor bvictoryccourage dfailure答案b解析victory勝利，符合句意。14li yuchuns song was a_at once and its recording tape rose to no.1 on the best seller list.ashock bstrikechit dbeat答案c解析考查詞義辨析。shock震驚；strike打擊；beat連續(xù)不斷地敲打；hit命中；擊??；演出成功。依據(jù)句意選c項(xiàng)。15achieving a high degree of proficiency in english as a foreign language is not a mysterious _without scientific basis.aprocess bpracticecprocedure dprogram答案a解析考查名詞辨析。process過程；practice實(shí)習(xí)，練習(xí)，慣例；procedure程序；program課程，計(jì)劃，節(jié)目。16it was difficult to guess what her_to the news would be.aimpression bcommentcreaction dopinion答案c解析考查名詞詞義辨析。 reaction (to)對(duì)的反應(yīng)，符合語境。17your work experience is a big_in the job market but your poor eyesight will limit your choices.abenefit bconditioncpromise dadvantage答案d解析考查名詞詞義辨析。advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)，符合句意。18dont try to persuade your boss；he wont have the_of employing mea flesh student.aintention battentioncsense dattraction答案a解析考查名詞詞義辨析。此處intention意為“傾向”。19the students union was founded for the_of them.abenefit badvantagecinterest dvalue答案a解析for the benefit of為了的利益。20the generation_makes it difficult for parents to understand their childrens opinions.adivision bgapcseparation dinterval答案b解析考查名詞詞義辨析。generation gap代溝。division分，劃分；separation分開；interval間隔，間隙；幕間休息，休息時(shí)間。21the _ of school leavers that go to university is about fifty percent.adegree bpercentageclevel dstandard答案b解析考查名詞辨析。percentage百分率；degree學(xué)位，度數(shù)；level層次，水平；standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。22independent innovation has brought us a_in profits,40% higher than in the traditional way.aboom bfailurecdecrease dsuffering答案a解析考查名詞詞義。boom繁榮；failure失??；decrease減少；suffering痛苦。由句意可知a項(xiàng)正確。23an experienced doctor usually judges a patients illness according to the various_.asigns bsymptomscsignals dmarks答案b解析考查名詞詞義。sign信號(hào)，暗號(hào)；symptom癥狀，征兆；signal預(yù)兆，征象；信號(hào)；mark印，記號(hào)，符號(hào)。由句意可知b項(xiàng)正確。24shelly has been preparing carefully for the driving test so that she can be sure of passing it at her first_.aintention bpurposecattempt ddesire答案c解析句意為：雪莉一直在認(rèn)真準(zhǔn)備駕駛考試，以便于她第一次嘗試就能通過。at ones first attempt某人第一次嘗試，符合題意。25she came with a large _ of yellow roses in her hand.abranch bbunchcbit dbeach答案b解析a bunch of roses一束玫瑰花。.完形填空ive always had strong opinions of how love should be expressed，but others had their own ways of showing care.what i _1_ most about visiting my boyfriends parents is the loud tick of the clock in the dining room as we _2_ ate our meal.with so little conversation i was quick to _3_ his family as cold.when we got into the _4_ to go home，his father suddenly appeared._5_，he began to wash his sons windscreen.i could feel he is a caring man through the glass.i learned another lesson about love a few years later.my father often _6_ me early in the morning.“buy xerox.its a good sharp price，” he might say when i answered the phone.no pleasant _7_ or inquiry about my life，just financial instructions.this manner of his _8_ me and we often quarreled.but one day，i thought about my fathers success in business and realized that his concern for my financial security lay behind his _9_ morning calls.the next time he called and told me to buy a stock，i _10_ him.when my social style has conflicted with that of my friends，ive often felt _11_.for example，i always return phone calls _12_ and regularly contact my friends.i expect the same from them.i had one friend who rarely called，answering my messages with short emails.i rushed to the _13_：she wasnt a good friend！my anger _14_ as the holidays approached.but then she came to a gathering i _15_ and handed me a beautiful dress i had fallen in love with when we did some windowshopping the previous month.i was _16_ at her thoughtfulness，and regretful for how id considered her to be _17_.clearly i needed to change my expectations of friends.far too often，i ignored their _18_ expressions，eagerly expecting them to do things in my _19_.over the years，however，ive learned to _20_ other persons love signs.1a.remember benjoycvalue dadmire答案a解析根據(jù)上下文得知作者起初以自己的方式評(píng)價(jià)別人的愛，以為別人的方式都不正確、不合理，包括男朋友父母的、自己父親的和朋友的，因此此處提到男朋友父母的表達(dá)方式起初應(yīng)為作者不欣賞和不喜歡的，故排除b、c、d三項(xiàng)。句意為：對(duì)于拜訪我男朋友的父母，我記憶(remember)最多的是餐廳鬧鐘的滴答聲。2a.excitedly bnervouslycsilently dinstantly答案c解析由后面的with so little conversation可知，作者與男朋友一家人吃飯時(shí)他們很少說話，故用silently。3a.regard btreatcfind dthink答案a解析regard.as.意為“把看作/當(dāng)作.”。由于表達(dá)愛的方式不一樣，作者把男朋友家人用餐時(shí)的少言寡語當(dāng)成冷漠。4a.bus btrainccar dplane答案c解析由下文父親為兒子“wash windscreen”可知作者和男朋友是開車回去的。5a.punctually bcarefullycproudly dcoldly答案b解析作者原來以為男朋友的父親很冷漠，而現(xiàn)在卻“.feel he is a caring man through the glass.”能夠改變其看法的應(yīng)該是細(xì)心地(carefully)擦車這一動(dòng)作。punctually準(zhǔn)時(shí)地；proudly自豪地；coldly冷漠地。6a.visited binterruptedcwarned dtelephoned答案d解析根據(jù)下文“.when i answered the phone.”可知，d項(xiàng)符合語境。7a.greeting bmeetingcapology dexplanation答案a解析父親在電話中指導(dǎo)作者如何買東西而沒有給她令人愉悅的問候(greeting)，曾經(jīng)這也是作者對(duì)父親的誤解原因。meeting會(huì)議；apology道歉；explanation解釋，說明。8a.interested bangeredcencouraged dsurprised答案b解析根據(jù)下文“.we often quarreled.”可知，他的方式惹惱了作者。9a.long bshortcwarm dpolite答案b解析從上文父親電話的內(nèi)容可看出父親的電話很簡(jiǎn)短，并沒有讓作者感到溫暖，也沒體現(xiàn)出禮貌來。10a.praised brememberedcblamed dthanked答案d解析根據(jù)上句“but one day，i thought about my fathers success in business and realized that his concern for my financial security lay behind his _ morning calls.”可知，父親下次讓作者買股票時(shí)，自然要感謝他了。11a.content bguiltyccurious ddisappointed答案d解析根據(jù)前半句“when my social style has conflicted with that of my friends.”可知，作者因自己的社交方式和朋友不同而失望。12a.in order bin turncwithout delay dwithout difficulty答案c解析作者的朋友表達(dá)關(guān)愛的方式與作者不一樣，因此，對(duì)比其朋友，作者的方式應(yīng)該是及時(shí)地(without delay)回電話。13a.feeling bsuggestioncjudgment dbelief答案c解析“she wasnt a good friend！”是作者對(duì)朋友作出的評(píng)價(jià)，而不是對(duì)朋友的感情、提議或信念。14a.disappeared bgrewchelped ddeclined答案b解析“my anger _ as the holidays approached.”與“but then.”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系?！癰ut then.”所在的一句及下文說明作者改變了對(duì)朋友的看法，故前面作者的觀點(diǎn)依然是否定的。故選b項(xiàng)。15a.opened brefusedchosted dinvited答案c解析朋友通過參加作者舉辦的聚會(huì)一事改變了作者的看法。host做東，作為主人組織(聚會(huì))，符合句意。16a.depressed bupsetcfascinated dshocked答案d解析作者的朋友通過自己的方式表現(xiàn)出了其獨(dú)特的關(guān)愛，讓作者感到吃驚(shocked)，從而改變了她的看法。17a.uncaring bdishonestcunhappy ddiscouraged答案a解析一旦改變了看法，作者便對(duì)自己以前認(rèn)為朋友是沒愛心的(uncaring)感到后悔和愧疚了。18a.unique bcommoncpleasant dfamiliar答案a解析概括上文，作者回憶自己以前沒有注意到人人都有獨(dú)特的(unique)關(guān)愛方式。19a.opinion bwaycmind dlife答案b解析由句意可知，作者總是忽視他們獨(dú)特的表達(dá)方式，期望他們按照她自己的方式做事，故選way。20a.send breadcgive dexpress答案b解析此處表現(xiàn)作者由起初的誤解他人到最后懂得領(lǐng)會(huì)(read)人們傳達(dá)愛的方式，照應(yīng)文章的開頭。.閱讀理解amaybe you love them and want to pet every one you see.or maybe youre afraid of them and want to move to a dogfree neighborhood.either way，dogs are a part of life.millions of people have dogs as pets.youll see them all over town，in the city，country，and even when youre on vacation.like many kinds of petsno matter how small or cute they aredogs need to be respected as animals that，under certain conditions，could hurt you.nearly 5 million dog bites happen every year in the united states.no one wants a dog bite，but how do you prevent one?one dog expert has come up with an easy way for kids to remember some tips to prevent dog bites.it spells “dog safe”dont tease，please：teasing a dog can make it angry enough to bite.for instance，if a dog has food or a toy，never try to take it away.you wouldnt like it if someone took your snack(點(diǎn)心) while you were eating it!only pet with permission：never pet a dog without asking the owner if its ok.some dogs dont like to be touched by strangers.give space：little kids especially might run right up to a lovely dog and try to pet it or give it a hug.but dogs need space.crowding a dog can frighten or anger the dog.slow down：some dogs like to chase(追逐) and bite.of course，you dont want to be chased or bitten！the way to avoid it is to go slow around dogs.never run toward them or away from them.if a dog you dont know runs toward you，freeze.if you need to get away，back up slowly.always get help：you may want to bring home a dog that seems lost or injured.but animals who are lost or injured may be very frightened or in pain.find a grownup instead who can decide how to care for the animal.fingers together：when feeding a dog a treat，put the treat in the palm of your hand and keep your fingers and thumb close together.why？the dog is less likely to get confused about which is the treatthe doggie snack or your finger!even good dogs can bite：some people are very surprised when their dog bites someone，but all dogs can bite.avoid doing things that make dogs scared or angry，such as backing them into a corner or bothering them when they are sleeping.1the purpose of the text is to _.ahelp kids avoid being bitten by dogsbshow methods of feeding dogscwarn dog owners of dangerdwarn kids to keep away from dogs答案a解析寫作目的題。第三段中的“.some tips to prevent dog bites.”是全文的中心句，其他內(nèi)容都是關(guān)于防止兒童被狗咬傷的建議。故選a項(xiàng)。2you wont make a dog angry if _