云南省楚雄市高考英語一輪復習 完形填空 閱讀理解 基礎訓練11.doc

云南省楚雄市2015高考英語完形填空、閱讀理解一輪基礎訓練（11）及答案【廣東卷完形填空】number sense is not the ability to count. it is the ability to recognize a 1 in number. human beings are born with this ability. 2 ，experiments show that many animals are, too. for example, many birds have good number sense. if a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 3 . however, if you remove two, the bird 4 leaves. this means that the bird knows the 5 between two and three.another interesting experiment showed a birds 6 number sense. a man was trying to take a photo of a crow(烏鴉)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. the bird did not 7 until the man left the tower. the man had an 8 .he took another man with him to the tower. one man left and the other stayed, but they did not 9 the bird. the crow stayed away until the second man left, too. the experiment was 10 with three men and then with four men. but the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 11 .it was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 12 able to fool the crow.how good is a humans number sense? its not very good. for example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 13 group. but when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 14 fooled.it seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 15 is not much better than a crows.1. a. rise b. pattern c. changed. trend2. a. importantly b. surprisingly c. disappointedly d. fortunately3. a. surviveb. care c. hatch d. notice4. a. generally b. sincerely c. casually d. deliberately5a. distance b. range c. different d. interval6a. amazing b. annoyingc. satisfying d. disturbing7. a. relaxb. recoverc. react d. return8. a. appointment b. excuse c. idea d. explanation9. a. fool b. hurt c. catch d. kill10.a. repob. repeated c. designed d. approved11.a. confusedb. gone c. tired d. drunk12.a. graduallyb. luckily c. strangely d. finally13.a. single b. small c. local d. new14. a. seldom b. temporarily c. merely d. often15. a. sightb. nature c. ability d. belief語篇解讀：本文是一篇說事理性的說明文，篇章模式為總-分-分-總的結構。第一段提出話題，說明什么是數字感，并通過拿鳥類作為例子說明，不僅人類與生俱來都有這種數字感，而且動物也有；第二段運用一個人想對一只烏鴉進行拍照的另一個有趣的例子來進一步鳥類的神奇的數字的分辨力；第三段，以一個嬰兒為例說這里要表達的意思是：這個人有（或想出）了一個主意，四個選項的含義分別為：a“失望”，b“借口”，c“主具備的能力，而且）我們人類的這種能力不比烏鴉更強。閱讀下列短文, 從給的四個選項 (a、b、c和d) 中, 選出最佳選項。ive written 14 moviesmy characters smoke in many of them, and they look cool and glamorous（有魅力的） doing itsmoking was an integral（必需的） part of many of my screenplays because i was a heavy smokerit was part of a bad-boy image id cultivated for a long time smoking, drinking, partying, rock n rollsmoking, i once believed, was every persons rightthe second-hand smoke was non-existent problem invented by professional do-goodersi put all these views into my playsremembering all this, i find it hard to forgive myselfi have been an accomplice (幫兇) to the murders of untold numbers of human beingsi am admitting this only because i have made a deal with godspare me, i said, and i will try to stop others from committing the same crimes i dideighteen months ago i was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smokingi am alive but disabledmuch of my larynx (喉) is gonei have some difficulty speaking; others have some difficulty understanding mei havent smoked or drunk for 18 months now, though i still take it day by day and pray for helpi believe in prayer and exercisei have walked five miles a day for a year, without missing even one dayquitting smoking and drinking has taught me the hardest lesson ive ever learned about my own weakness; it has also given me the greatest affection and empathy(同感) for those still addictedi dont think smoking is every persons right anymorei think smoking should be as illegal as heroin（海洛因）im no longer such a bad boyi go to church on sundayim desperate to see my four boys grow upi want to do everything i can to undo the damage i have done with my own big-screen words and imagesscreen writers know, too, that some movie stars are more likely to play a part if they can smoke because they are so addicted to smoking that they have difficulty stopping even during the shooting of a scenemy hands are bloody; so are hollywoodsmy cancer has caused me to attempt to cleanse（徹底清潔） mei dont wish my fate upon anyone in hollywood, but i beg that hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others1. the main idea of this passage probably is _a. the writer is ashamed of the bad effects his screenplays have had on human beingsb. the writers smoking experience nearly killed himselfc. the bad effects that hollywood screenplay have brought to childrend. the determination of the writer to overcome his illness答案解析：答案為a。本題為文章大意題。第一段作者引入話題，在他創(chuàng)作的電影中，很多人物吸煙，吸煙是他的作品中必需的，這些吸煙的場景影響了人們，后面的段落介紹作者因為吸煙而患上了喉癌，深受其苦，也表達了他深深的懺悔之意，最后一段表達作者的希望，希望好萊塢電影不再有吸煙的場景，讓厄運降臨到別人身上。故本文的大意為作者對他的熒幕劇對人們產生的壞影響感到慚愧。故答案為a。b、d是文中的細節(jié)，c選項在文中未提及，均不選。2. how do you think the writer has realized his mistake?a. so many people have found the habit of smoking due to his playsb. his plays have brought great harm to teenagersc. he himself suffered greatly from smokingd. his screenplays have been doing more and more harm to human beings答案解析：答案為c。本題為推理題。由第三段的首句提到的 “i find it hard to forgive myself”和該段最后一句提到的 “and i will try to stop others from committing the same crimes i did.”, 以及第四段首句 “eighteen months ago i was diagnosed with throat cancer, the result of a lifetime of smoking” 可知，作者難以原諒自己，將會努力阻止別人和他一樣犯相同的罪，因為他診斷有吸煙導致的喉癌，故答案為c，作者自己深受吸煙之害。 a選項與題干無關；b選項未提及；d選項夸大了他的作品的危害，均不選。3. according to the passage, what does the underlined sentence mean?a. he has made up his mind to give up smoking foreverb. he will try his best to prevent others from writing screen plays encouraging smokingc. he will try his best to bring up his four childrend. he has decided to write his screenplays without smoking scenes答案解析：答案為d。本題為語義理解題。劃線部分所在的句意為“我會盡我一切所能來消除我在熒幕上創(chuàng)作的文字和形象給人們帶來的傷害”。這種傷害來自第一段提到的作者的作品中吸煙是必需的場景，由此可以推斷，劃線部分意為作者決定在自己的作品中不再有吸煙場景。故答案為d。4. it can be inferred from the passage that _a. the writer will soon be recovered from his illness thanks to his exerciseb. the writer will soon die because of his deadly diseasec. smoking will be got rid of in all hollywood films d. smoking in hollywood films is still doing great harm to human beings答案解析：答案為d。本題為推理題。由第四段第二句話 “i am alive but disabled” 可知，作者雖然活著但是殘疾了，故a、b選項錯誤。由最后一段最后一句話 “i dont wish my fate upon anyone in hollywood, but i beg that hollywood should stop putting it upon millions of others” 可知，作者不希望自己的命運降臨到好萊塢的任何人身上，但是乞求好萊塢應該阻止吸煙導致的危害降臨到成千上萬人的身上，可以推斷，好萊塢電影上出現(xiàn)的吸煙場景仍然在對人們造成傷害，故c選項錯誤，d選項正確。閱讀下列四篇短文，從每小題后所給的a,b,c或d四個選項中，選出最佳選項。do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too? or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself? well, apparently its because we have mirror neurons (神經元) in our brains. put simply, the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something, our brains imitate (模仿) it, whether or not we actually perform the same action. this explains a great deal about how we learn to smile, talk, walk, dance or play sports. but the idea goes further: mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions, they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people. mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains, but especially in the areas which relate to our ability to use languages, and to understand how other people feel. researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language. a group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to (for example: “the hand took hold of the ball”) , the same mirror neurons weretriggered as when the action was actually performed (in this example, actually taking hold of a ball) . any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior. much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning. however, it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders. research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact (互動) . indeed, it may turn out to be the equivalent (相等物