高考英語(yǔ)短文填單詞抓分練習(xí)（8）.doc

2014高考英語(yǔ)短文填單詞抓分練習(xí)（8）及答案第四部分 任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；滿分10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在表格的空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或短語(yǔ)，每空不超過(guò)3個(gè)單詞。happy birthday! do birthdays really make people happy ? of course they dobirthdays celebrate the day when we were bornbesides, that extra candle on the cake suggests another year of growth and maturity（成熟）or so we hopewe all like to imagine that we are getting wiser and not just oldermost of us enjoy seeing the wonder of growth in others, as wellfor instance, seeing our children develop and learn new things makes us feel proudfor americans, like people in most cultures, growing up is a wonderful processbut growing old? that is a different story growing old is not exactly for people in youth-oriented（ 以 年輕人為 中心）american culturemost americans like to look young, act young and feel youngas the old saying goes, “youre young as you feel” older people joke about how many years young they are, rather than how many years oldpeople in some countries value the aged as a source of experience and wisdombut americans seem to favor those that are young, or at least “young at heart”many older americans find the “golden years” to be anything but goldeneconomically, “senior citizens” often struggle just to get byretirement at the age of 65 brings a sharp decrease in personal incomesocial security benefits usually cannot make up the differenceolder people may suffer from poor nutrition, medical care, and housingsome even experience age discrimination（歧視）american sociologist pat moore once dressed up like an older person and wandered city streetsshe was often treated rudely-even cheated and robbedhowever, dressed as a young person, she received much more respectunfortunately, the elderly population in america is increasing fastwhy? people are living longerfewer babies are being bornand middle-aged “baby boomers” are rapidly entering the group of the elderlyamerica may soon be a place where wrinkles（皺紋）are “in”marketing experts are ready noticing this growing group of consumertitle: different opinions about 71._ 72_descriptions / detailsgeneral ideagrowing older, being mature and wiserpositive attitude74._a wonderful process: children75._ new things, enjoying another birthday partyabout the oldbeing respected by the young76._ as a source of experience and wisdomliving happily in the “golden years”73._never being young againfeeling lonely in a youth-oriented culture77._ problem: personal income 78._health problem: suffering from poor nutrition and other diseaseshousing problems: poor and simple 79._ problems: being ill-treated - experiencing age discrimination, cheating and robberysolutionimproving 80._ benefitsthe young caring for and respecting the old參考答案71. growing old 72. items / aspects 73. negative attitude 74. about the young 75. developing and learning 76. being valued / valuing the aged77. economical 78. decreasing sharply 79. social 80. social security一、根據(jù)所給句子的意思填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~。每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞。1.what should we do so that our communication will be effective? what should we do to communicate _? 2.good communication _ on （取決于）good personal qualities. 3.the total _ of libraries in north america is over 135,000. 4.in this way all works can be easily located by readers. in this way readers will have little _ locating what they want. 5. all you have to do is to take control of your emotions and make them positive instead of letting them control you. you have to control your emotions and make them positive instead of being _ by them. 參考答案1. well/ effectively 2. depends 3. number 4. difficulty/ trouble 5. controlled6.another great way to keep yourself motivated over the holiday is to find a friend who another great way to keep up your _ for reading over the holiday is to find.7.advertising agencies appeared in the latter part of the 19th century. advertising agencies came into _ in the latter part of the 19th century.8. advertising spending has increased dramatically in recent years. there has been a _ in advertising spending. 9. we prefer to be a little cautious at this stage. more _ is needed at this stage.10. in the early 1900s the birth rate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. the birth rate was on the _ and more people got divorced. 參考答案6. motivation 7. appearance 8. rise 9. caution 10. decrease/ decline 1.2.6 billion people lack proper wastewater treatment. 2.6 billion people are _ of proper wastewater treatment. 2. the un aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population unable to reach or afford safe drinking water. the un aims to cut in half by the year 2015 the population having no _ to safe drinking water. 3. your own weight is the amount of the force that holds you to the earth. the force that holds you to the earth is _ to your own weight. 4.studies have shown that the presence of natural green spaces and plants is connected with a 50 percent reduction in the incidents of violent crime. the incidents of violent crime have _ in places where there are natural green spaces and plants. 5.most of the worlds rainforests are topical rainforests that grow in warm places near the earths equator. the _ of the rainforests are topical forests, while another6. the trees take in carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. the trees _ carbon dioxide and give off oxygen. 7. conservationists are looking for ways that people can use the forests without destroying them. conservationist are trying to use the forests without causing _. 8.you should walk fast enough to cause you to breathe hard. walk fast enough to cause you to breathe with _.9.the drawbacks of hosting the olympics should be taken into careful consideration. the drawbacks need to be carefully _ as well. 10.she is considered as a role model and an inspiration by many of her peers.she is really a role model, _ many people. 參考答案1. short 2. access 3. equal 4. decreased/ declined 5. majority 6. absorb 7. destruction 8. inspiring 9.considered 10. inspiring第四部分：任務(wù)型閱讀（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分 10分）請(qǐng)認(rèn)真閱讀下列短文，并根據(jù)所讀內(nèi)容在文章的表格里填入最恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~或短語(yǔ)。recently 3 kinds of foods are very popular in the us.convenience foodsinstead of buying only fresh foods, americans buy many more convenience foods. these are foods which are ready partly or completely prepared. there are also many canned convenience foods, such as soups and vegetables.convenience foods save time and trouble. they are popular with people who are busy or who dont like to cook or wash dishes. but they often cost more money than fresh , unprepared foods and may contain man-made additives. also they dont taste as good as home-cooked foods.health foodsin the 1960s, a “back-to-the earth ” movement was started by young people in the us. the movement was a reaction against the harmful effects of technology. many people now prefer natural and organic foods to the prepared foods sold in food stores.diet foods these days americans are more and more concerned with their weight. american supermarkets sell a variety of diet foods as diet soft drinks, diet candy, and diet salad dressings. each year dozens of new diets are popularized. however, some of the diet foods are unbelievable. there are tricks in their advertisements. three popular foods in the uskinds of foodsconvenience foodshealth foodsdiet foodspeople who like the foodsthose who are 71_.those who dont like to cook or wash dishesthose who are against the 72_effects of technology.those who are moreconcerned with their73_.advantagessave 74_and troublebe good for ones healthhelp people to 75_weight.76_cost more 77_may contain78_additivesnot 79_asgood as home-madefoodsunknown80_all ofthe diet foods are believable參考答案：71.busy 72.harmful 73.weight 74.time 75.;lose 76. disadvantages 77.money 78.man-made 79.taste 80.not附：任務(wù)型閱讀中的高頻詞：1.使某人能夠做enable / allow sb to do 2.不能做某事fail to do 3.絕非易事no easy job 4.避免做avoid doing 5.包括including sth= sth included 6.導(dǎo)致result in= lead to=contribute to=bring about = cause= give rise to 7.符合需求meet/ satisfy / suit ones needs/ wants/ demands/ requirements8.充分利用make the most of=make the best(use) of= make full use of 9.依靠depend on=be dependent on 10.建立在基礎(chǔ)上be based on 11.做某事有困難have difficulties with sth have difficulty / trouble (in) doing sth 12.參與participate in =get/be involved in13.獻(xiàn)身于，投入于devote .to sth/doing14.一刻，四分之一quarter 十年decade 一個(gè)世紀(jì)century 15.和相似be similar to 16.熟悉be familiar with 17.重要/有價(jià)值/有用/有幫助be of importance/ significance/ value/ use/ help= be important/ significant/ valuable/ useful/ helpful 18.在幫助下with the help of =with the aid/ assistance of.19.在某人許可之下with ones permission20.開(kāi)始存在come into being/ existence 21.影響have aeffect on = affect 22.被取代be replaced by/ with 23.在上升中be increasing/ rising=be on the increase/ rise 在減少中be decreasing/declining/ dropping=be on the decrease/ decline 24.除了做別無(wú)選擇have no choice/ alternative/ option but to do25.對(duì)負(fù)責(zé)；是成因be responsible for= take responsibility for26.對(duì)有害do harm to= be harmful to27.對(duì)有好處be good for=do good to=be beneficial to = be of benefit to.= benefit sb/ sth28.對(duì)造成威脅be a threat to sth = be dangerous to .29.意識(shí)到be aware / conscious of 提高意識(shí)raise/ increase ones awareness of30.有機(jī)會(huì)利用/進(jìn)入have access to.31.和相等；勝任于be equal to32.有規(guī)律的/地regular(ly) 33.舒適的/地 comfortable-comfortably34.大多數(shù)the majority of the students= most of the students = most students 35.占多數(shù)in the majority占少數(shù)in the minority 36.大的百分比a large percentage of37.毀壞(v) destroy 毀壞(n) destruction 38.可得到的available 39.建立set up=found=establish組成form a team/ band 40.消失(v)disappear 消失(n) disappearance 41.對(duì)感到自豪be proud of=take pride in42.描述(v) describe 描述(n) description 43.起作用play a role in44.保持平衡keep a balance 45.考慮consider .= o consideration/ account 46.和有聯(lián)系be related to= relate to=be linked with/ to= be connected with/ to = be associated with 47.以紀(jì)念/以對(duì)某人表示敬意in honor of 48.以慶祝in celebration of 49.一開(kāi)始in the beginning 在開(kāi)始at the beginning of50.使某人想起；提醒某人注意 remind sb of sth 51.和和諧相處live in harmony with = live harmoniously with 52.對(duì)造成損害do /cause damage to.53.成本高at high cost 54.以認(rèn)可in recognition of.55.阻止某人做prevent / stop/ keep sb from 56.保持健康keep fit/ healthy 57.鼓勵(lì)某人做encourage sb to do 在某人鼓勵(lì)之下under ones encouragement在某人指導(dǎo)之下under ones guidance 58.成功地做manage to do= succeed in doing59.受傷(v) injure 受傷(n) injury 受傷(adj) injured 60.遭受suffer from.61.被限制到be limited to n/ doing 一個(gè)的限制a limit to61.人們普遍接受it is widely(=generally) accepted that.我認(rèn)為是可接受的i think it acceptable that62.獲得成功achieve success;達(dá)到目的achieve ones goal63.除了.之外還有in addition to= besides= apart from=as