高考英語閱讀理解鞏固練習(xí)（27）.doc

2014高考英語閱讀理解鞏固練習(xí)（27）及答案閱讀下列材料，從每題所給的四個選項（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項。ait is obvious that doctors recognize obesity as a health problem. so why is it so hard for them to talk to their patients about it?the results of two surveys, one of primary care physicians and the other of patients, found that while most doctors want to help patients lose weight and think it is their responsibility to do so, they often dont know what to say.“so while doctors may tell patients they are overweight, the conversation often ends there,” said christine c. ferguson, director of the stop obesity alliance. “patients are not told about the possibility of diabetes (a kind of disease),” she said. “and doctors dont feel they have good information to give. they felt that they didnt have adequate tools to address this problem.the lack of dialogue hurts patients, too. the patient survey, of over 1,000 adults, found that most overweight patients dont even know that theyre too heavy. only 39 percent of overweight people surveyed had ever been told by a health care provider that they were overweight.of those who were told they were obese, 90 percent were also told by their doctors to lose weight, the survey found. in fact most have tried to lose weight and may have been successful in the pastand many are still trying, the survey found. and many understand that losing even a small amount of weight can have a positive impact on their health and reduce their risk of obesityrelated diseases like hypertension and diabetes.dr. william bestermann jr., medical director of holston medical group, in kingsport, tenn. , which ranks the 10th in obesity among metropolitan areas in the united states, said the dialogue had to be an ongoing one and could not be dropped after just one mention of the problem. “if youre to be successful with helping your patients lose weight, you have to talk to them at actually every visit about their progress, and find something to encourage them and coach them,” he said.he acknowledged that many doctors tend to be not optimistic.“part of this is that theres this common belief, and doctors are burdened by it, too, that overweight people are weak-willed and just dont have any willpower and are selfindulgent and all that business,” he said. “if you think that way, youre not going to spend time having a productive conversation.”1. what is the stop obesity alliance most probably in paragraph 3?a. an organization of doctors specializing in obesity.b. an organization of patients suffering from obesity.c. a research group that conducts special surveys about overweight people.d. a research group dealing with doctor-patient relationship.2. how many of the patients surveyed have been advised by their doctors to lose weight?a. about 350.b. about 390. c. about 900.d. about 1,000.3. what can be inferred about obesity patients in paragraph 5?a. they are not as hopeless as doctors think they are.b. most of them have tried hard to lose weight, but in vain.c. without their doctors constant coaching, there is little chance of their succeeding in losing weight.d. most of them have just given up their hope of becoming less heavy.4. according to the passage, which factor contributes to the lack of dialogue between doctors and patients?a. most doctors just never think of warning their patients about their weight problem.b. many doctors find it difficult to persuade overweight people to lose weight.c. most patients are too weak-willed to do anything about their weight.d. many patients tend not to trust their doctors about their weight problem.5.which of the following is the best title of the passage?a. obesity in the u. s.b. trouble of overweight americans.c. talk more, help better.d. doctors or patients-who to bear more blame?參考答案15 baabc 第三部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(a、b、c、d)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。a(2012沈陽四校協(xié)作體月考)italians like to say that when it comes to alcohol, they have a sipping(小酌) culture rather than a drinking culture. that means that while italians may enjoy a glass of wine or beer, they dont usually get very drunk.thats not true any more. the new study by the italian national health institute found that 63 percent of italians under age 18 get drunk on the weekends. now, the city of milan has created a law that will stop anyone under 16 from buying alcohol. anyone who sells or gives alcohol to a person under 16 can be fined up to $700. young people who feel that the new law is unfair should go to the us for some perspective (觀點). the us has the highest drinking age in the world: its illegal for anyone under 21 to buy alcohol, and stores or restaurants that are caught selling alcohol to people under the legal age risk losing their licenses.many young americans complain that the drinking laws are unfair: they are allowed to vote in elections and join the army at age 18, so why wait another three years just to buy a bottle of beer?these young people have found help in an unusual place. last year, more than 100 presidents of us universities joined together to ask lawmakers to consider changing the drinking age. they argued that the law doesnt stop underage college kids from getting drunkit just makes them want to drink more. for now, the law seems unlikely to change. but us teenagers who want alcohol can go north to canada, where the drinking age is 1819, or south to mexico where the legal age is 18. throughout much of asia, africa and europe, the legal drinking age ranges 1618. in plenty of places though, the official drinking age is ignored, and even young children can buy alcohol if they have the money to pay for it.no matter how old you are, you should always be responsible with alcohol. teenagers in milan are now learning that their reckless (不顧后果的) drinking behavior may come at a high price.by ariel lown lewiton, 21st teens staff文章大意：米蘭剛剛出臺了新法令，任何商家都不能向16歲以下的人出售酒，否則會面臨700美元的罰款。其實，很多國家都有這種飲酒最低年齡的限制。56the new law by the city of milan_.a. aims to keep italys sipping culture alive b. forbids selling alcohol to people under 16 c. is welcomed by italian young people dhas reduced the number of underage youths getting drunk答案：b細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段的第三、四兩句話“now, the city of milan has created a law that will stop anyone under 16 from buying alcohol. anyone who sells or gives alcohol to a person under 16 can be fined up to $700.”可知，該法案禁止出售酒給16歲以下的人。57which of the following places has the lowest drinking age? a. milan b. new yorkc. mexico d. canada答案：a細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中不難得出，各地的最低飲酒年齡限制：米蘭是16歲；紐約是21歲；墨西哥是18歲；加拿大是18歲到19歲。所以a項正確。58many us university presidents want lawmakers to consider changing the drinking age because_.atheyve received complaints from many young americans about the unfairness of the lawsbthey agree that people old enough to vote and join the army should be allowed to drinkcthey believe the law is pushing underage youths toward alcohol instead of stopping themdthey dont want to see us teenagers going to neighboring countries for a drink答案：c細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第五段最后一句話“they argued that the law doesnt stop underage college kids from getting drunkit just makes them want to drink more.”可知。59what can we infer from the passage?arestaurants in the us dont sell alcohol to people under 21 for fear of a $700 fine.bthe author thinks that us teenagers should go to canada or mexico to drink.cin many places, shop owners dont mind selling alcohol to underage customers.dteens in milan have to pay a lot of money for their reckless drinking behavior.答案：c推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第二段“in plenty of places though, the official drinking age is ignored, and even young children can buy alcohol if they have the money to pay for it.”可知，在很多地方，年輕人只要有錢就能買到酒。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（a、b、c和d）中，選出最佳選項。afat and shy, ben saunders was the last kid in his class picked for any sports team. football, tennis, cricket anything with a round ball, i was useless, he says now with a laugh. but back then he was the one always made fun of in school gym classes in devonshire, england.it was a mountain bike he received for his 15th birthday that changed him. at first he went hiking alone in a nearby forest. then he began to ride the bike along with a runner friend. gradually, saunders set his mind on building up his body, increasing his speed and strength. at the age of 18, he ran his first marathon. the following year, he met john ridgway and was hired as an instructor at ridgway s school of adventure in scotland, where he learned about ridgway s cold-water exploits. greatly interested, saunders read all he could about north pole explorers and adventures, then decided that this would be his future.in 2001, after becoming a skillful skier, saunders started his first long-distance expedition (探險) towards the north pole. it took unbelievable energy. he suffered frostbite (凍瘡) , ran into a polar bear and pushed his body to the limit, pulling his supply-loaded sled(雪撬) up and over rocky ice.saunders has become the youngest person to ski alone to the north pole, and he s skied more of the north pole by himself than any other british man. his old playmates would not believe the change.next october, saunders, 27, heads south from the coast of antarctica to the south pole and back, a 2900-kilometre journey that has never been completed on skis.1. what change happened to saunders after he was 15 years old? a. he became good at most sports. b. he began to build up his body. c. he joined a sports team. d. he made friends with a runner.2. the underlined word exploits (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to _.a. journeys b. researches c. adventures d. operations3. which of the following is the correct order of the events that happened to saunders?a. he ran his first marathon. b. he skied alone in the north pole. c. he rode his bike in a forest. d. he planned an adventure to the south role.a. acdb b. cdab c. acbd d. cabd4. what does the story mainly tell us about saunders?a. he is a success in sports. . b. he is the best british skier. c. he is ridgway s favorite student. d. he is a good instructor at school.參考答案1-4 bcda *bit s 2035. you have a job, a family and you re about 40 years old. welcome to your future life.getting ready for work, you pause in front of the mirror. turn red, you say. your shirt changes from sky blue to deep red. tiny preprogrammed electronics (智能電子元件) are rearranged in your shirt to change its color. looking into the mirror, you find it hard to believe you re 40. you look much younger. with amazing advances in medicine, people in your generation may live to be 150 years old. you re not even middle-aged!as you go into the kitchen and prepare to pour your breakfast cereal into a bowl, you hear, to lose weight, you shouldnt eat that, from your shoes. they read the tiny electronic code(電子源碼) on the cereal box to find out the nutrition details. you decide to listen to your shoes. kitchen, what can i have for breakfast? a list of possible foods appears on the counter as the kitchen checks its food supplies. ready for your trip to space? you ask your son and daughter. in 2005 only specially trained astronauts went into space and very few of them. today anyone can go to space for day trips or longer vacations. your best friend even works in space. handing your children three strawberries each, you add, the doctor said you need these for space travel. thanks to medical advances, vaccination shots (防疫針) are a thing of the past. ordinary foods contain specific vaccines. with the berries in their mouths, the kids head for the front door.it s time for you to go to work. your car checks your fingerprints and unlocks the doors. my office. autopilot, you command. your car drives itself down the road and moves smoothly into traffic on the highway. you sit back and unroll your e-newspaper. the latest news downloads and fills the viewer. looking through the pages, you watch the news as video film rather than read it.1、. what changes the color of your shirt?a. the mirror. b. the shirt itself. c. the counter. d the medicine.2、. how do the shoes know that you shouldnt eat the breakfast cereal?a. by pouring the breakfast into a bowl. b. by listening to the doctor s advice. c. by testing the food supplies in the kitchen; d. by checking the nutrition details of the food.3、. the strawberries the children eat serve as _a. breakfast b. lunch c. vaccines d. nutrition4、. how is the text organized? a. in order of time. b. in order of frequency.c. in order of preference. d. in order of importance參考答案1-4bdca (2012瀘州一診)one of my main concerns when i am helping people achieve their goals is how they measure success. i see individuals getting frustrated (挫敗) as they struggle hard for success.one of the main reasons that cause this frustration is that people allow their definition (定義) of success to be determined by someone or something else.another is that they become frustrated at their own apparent (表面的) lack of success when comparing themselves to other people.we are individuals with individual wants, skills and experiences.we should look our own skills to determine what is successful to us.we should look inward to determine what it would mean for us to be successful in our own mind rather than someone else s.evaluating (評價) a successful person needs to look at his pathway to success, his actions, his determination and translate that into his own experience to see how he can improve himself.you must set your own course of action, and stay on your course.you alone must determine what success means to you.do what you do to the best of your ability and the rest will take care of itself.for example, i believe that i am