給排水專業(yè)中英文對照--氧化溝工藝在污水處理中的應用與發(fā)展（畢業(yè)設計用）

氧化溝工藝在污水處理中的應用與發(fā)展 摘要： 本文主要闡述了 Carrousel 氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)、工藝機理、運行過程中存在的問題和相應的解決方法。最后，介紹了 Carrousel氧化溝的最新的研究進展并指出了未來的主要研究方向。 關鍵詞： Carrousel 氧化溝 除磷脫氮 結(jié)構(gòu) 機理 Application and Development of Carrousel Oxidation Ditch Process on WastewaterTreatment Abstract: The structure and the techniques of carrousel oxidation ditch processon nitrogen and phosphor removal are introduced in this paper. The problems inrunning and their corresponding resolvent are also pointed. At last, The author showed the up to date research improvement and the mainly future research direction. Key words: Carrousel; oxidation ditch; nitrogen and phosphor removal; structure； techniques 1. 前言 氧化溝（ oxidation ditch）又名連續(xù)循環(huán)曝氣池（ Continuous loop reactor），是活性污泥法的一種變形。氧化溝污水處理工藝是在 20世紀 50年代由荷蘭衛(wèi)生工程研究所研制成功的。自從 1954年在荷蘭的首次投入使用以來。由于其出水水質(zhì)好、運行穩(wěn)定、管理方便等技術特點，已經(jīng)在國內(nèi)外廣泛的應用于生活污水和工業(yè)污水的治理 1。 目前應用較為廣泛的氧化溝類型包括：帕斯韋爾（ Pasveer）氧化溝、卡魯塞爾（ Carrousel）氧化溝 、奧爾伯（ Orbal）氧化溝、 T型氧化溝（三溝式氧化溝）、 DE 型氧化溝和一體化氧化溝。這些氧化溝由于在結(jié)構(gòu)和運行上存在差異，因此各具特點 2。本文將主要介紹 Carrousel氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu)、機理、存在的問題及其最新發(fā)展。 2. Carrousel 氧化溝的結(jié)構(gòu) Carrousel氧化溝是 1967年由荷蘭的 DHV公司開發(fā)研制。在原 Carrousel 氧化溝的基礎上 DHV公司和其在美國的專利特許公司 EIMCO又發(fā)明了 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)（見圖 1），實現(xiàn)了更高要求的生物脫氮和除磷功能。至今世界上已有 850多 座 Carrousel 氧化溝和 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)正在運行 3。 由圖可見， Carrousel氧化溝使用定向控制的曝氣和攪動裝置，向混合液傳遞水平速度，從而使被攪動的混合液在氧化溝閉合渠道內(nèi)循環(huán)流動。因此氧化溝具有特殊的水力學流態(tài)，既有完全混合式反應器的特點，又有推流式反應器的特點，溝內(nèi)存在明顯的溶解氧濃度梯度。氧化溝斷面為矩形或梯形，平面形狀多為橢圓形，溝內(nèi)水深一般為 2.5 4.5，寬深比為 2:1，亦有水深達 7m的，溝中水流平均速度為 0.3m/s。氧化溝曝氣混合設備有表面曝氣機、曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷 或轉(zhuǎn)盤、射流曝氣器、導管式曝氣器和提升管式曝氣機等，近年來配合使用的還有水下推動器 46。 圖 1 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)平面結(jié)構(gòu)圖 3. Carrousel 氧化溝的機理 3.1 Carrousel 氧化溝處理污水的原理 最初的普通 Carrousel 氧化溝的工藝中 污水直接與回流污泥一起進入氧化溝系統(tǒng)。表面曝氣機使混合液中溶解氧 DO的濃度增加到大約 2 3mg/L。在這種充分摻氧的條件下，微生物得到足夠的溶解氧來去除 BOD；同時，氨也被氧化成硝酸鹽和亞硝酸鹽，此時，混合液處于有氧狀態(tài)。在曝氣機下游，水流由曝氣區(qū)的湍流狀態(tài)變成之后的平流狀態(tài)，水流維持在最小流速，保證活性污泥處于懸浮狀態(tài)（平均流速 0.3m/s）。微生物的氧化過程消耗了水中溶解氧，直到 DO 值降為零，混合液呈缺氧狀態(tài)。經(jīng)過缺氧區(qū)的反硝化作用，混合液進入有氧區(qū)，完成一次循環(huán)。該系統(tǒng)中， BOD降解是一個連續(xù) 過程，硝化作用和反硝化作用發(fā)生在同一池中。由于結(jié)構(gòu)的限制，這種氧化溝雖然可以有效的去處 BOD，但除磷脫氮的能力有限7。 為了取得更好的除磷脫氮的效果， Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng)在普通 Carrousel 氧化溝前增加了一個厭氧區(qū)和絕氧區(qū)（又稱前反硝化區(qū)）。全部回流污泥和 10-30%的污水進入?yún)捬鯀^(qū)，可將回流污泥中的殘留硝酸氮在缺氧和 10-30%碳源條件下完成反硝化，為以后的絕氧池創(chuàng)造絕氧條件。同時，厭氧區(qū)中的兼性細菌將可溶性 BOD轉(zhuǎn)化成 VFA，聚磷菌獲得 VFA將其同化成 PHB，所需能量來源于聚磷的 水解并導致磷酸鹽的釋放。厭氧區(qū)出水進入內(nèi)部安裝有攪拌器的絕氧區(qū)，所謂絕氧就是池內(nèi)混合液既無分子氧，也無化合物氧（硝酸根）， 在此絕氧環(huán)境下， 70-90%的污水可提供足夠的碳源，使聚磷菌能充分釋磷。絕氧區(qū)后接普通 Carrousel氧化溝系統(tǒng)，進一步完成去除 BOD、脫氮和除磷。最后，混合液在氧化溝富氧區(qū)排出，在富氧環(huán)境下聚磷菌過量吸磷，將磷從水中轉(zhuǎn)移到污泥中，隨剩余污泥排出系統(tǒng)。這樣，在Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)內(nèi)，較好的同時完成了去除 BOD、 COD和脫氮除磷 8。 綜合采用該工藝的昆明第一污水廠 9、長沙市第二污水凈化中心 10及漯河市污水處理廠的運行效果可見：經(jīng)過 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)處理后， BOD、 COD、 SS 的去除率均達到了 90%以上， TN的去除率達到了 80%， TP 的去除率也達到了 90%。 3.2 Carrousel 氧化溝除磷脫氮的影響因素 影響 Carrousel氧化溝除磷的因素主要是污泥齡、硝酸鹽濃度及基質(zhì)濃度。研究表明，當總污泥齡為 810d時活性污泥中的最大磷含量為其干污泥量的 4%，為異養(yǎng)菌體質(zhì)量的 11%，但當污泥齡超過 15d時污泥中最大含磷量明顯下降，反而達不到最大除 磷效果。因此，一味延長污泥齡（例如 20d、 25d、 30d）是沒有必要的，宜在 815d范圍內(nèi)選用。同時，高硝酸鹽濃度和低基質(zhì)濃度不利于除磷過程。 影響 Carrousel氧化溝脫氮的主要因素是 DO、硝酸鹽濃度及碳源濃度。研究表明，氧化溝內(nèi)存在溶解氧濃度梯度即好氧區(qū) DO達到 33.5mg/L，缺氧區(qū) DO達到 00.5mg/L是發(fā)生硝化反應及反硝化反應的前提條件。同時，充足的碳源及較高的 C/N比有利于脫氮的完成 7。 4. Carrousel 氧化溝存在的問題及解決方法 盡管 Carrousel氧化 溝具有出水水質(zhì)好、抗沖擊負荷能力強、除磷脫氮效率高、污泥易穩(wěn)定、能耗省、便于自動化控制等優(yōu)點。但是，在實際的運行過程中，仍存在一系列的問題。 4.1 污泥膨脹問題 當廢水中的碳水化合物較多， N、 P含量不平衡， pH值偏低，氧化溝中污泥負荷過高，溶解氧濃度不足，排泥不暢等易引發(fā)絲狀菌性污泥膨脹；非絲狀菌性污泥膨脹主要發(fā)生在廢水水溫較低而污泥負荷較高時。微生物的負荷高，細菌吸取了大量營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)，由于溫度低，代謝速度較慢，積貯起大量高粘性的多糖類物質(zhì)，使活性污泥的表面附著水大大增加， SVI值很高，形成污泥膨脹。 針對污泥膨脹的起因，可采取不同對策：由缺氧、水溫高造成的，可加大曝氣量或降低進水量以減輕負荷，或適當降低 MLSS（控制污泥回流量），使需氧量減少；如污泥負荷過高，可提高 MLSS，以調(diào)整負荷，必要時可停止進水，悶曝一段時間；可通過投加氮肥、磷肥，調(diào)整混合液中的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)平衡（ BOD5： N： P=100： 5： 1）； pH值過低，可投加石灰調(diào)節(jié)；漂白粉和液氯（按干污泥的 0.3%0.6%投加），能抑制絲狀菌繁殖，控制結(jié)合水性污泥膨脹11。 4.2 泡沫問題 由于進水中帶有大量油脂，處理系統(tǒng)不能完全有效地將其 除去，部分油脂富集于污泥中，經(jīng)轉(zhuǎn)刷充氧攪拌，產(chǎn)生大量泡沫；泥齡偏長，污泥老化，也易產(chǎn)生泡沫。用表面噴淋水或除沫劑去除泡沫，常用除沫劑有機油、煤油、硅油，投量為 0.51.5mg/L。通過增加曝氣池污泥濃度或適當減小曝氣量，也能有效控制泡沫產(chǎn)生。當廢水中含表面活性物質(zhì)較多時，易預先用泡沫分離法或其他方法去除。另外也可考慮增設一套除油裝置。但最重要的是要加強水源管理，減少含油過高廢水及其它有毒廢水的進入 12。 4.3 污泥上浮問題 當廢水中含油量過大，整個系統(tǒng)泥質(zhì)變輕，在操作過程中不能很好控制其 在二沉池的停留時間，易造成缺氧，產(chǎn)生腐化污泥上??；當曝氣時間過長，在池中發(fā)生高度硝化作用，使硝酸鹽濃度高，在二沉池易發(fā)生反硝化作用，產(chǎn)生氮氣，使污泥上??；另外，廢水中含油量過大，污泥可能挾油上浮。 發(fā)生污泥上浮后應暫停進水，打碎或清除污泥，判明原因，調(diào)整操作。污泥沉降性差，可投加混凝劑或惰性物質(zhì)，改善沉淀性；如進水負荷大應減小進水量或加大回流量；如污泥顆粒細小可降低曝氣機轉(zhuǎn)速；如發(fā)現(xiàn)反硝化，應減小曝氣量，增大回流或排泥量；如發(fā)現(xiàn)污泥腐化，應加大曝氣量，清除積泥，并設法改善池內(nèi)水力條件 12。 4.4 流速不均及污泥沉積問題 在 Carrousel氧化溝中，為了獲得其獨特的混合和處理效果，混合液必須以一定的流速在溝內(nèi)循環(huán)流動。一般認為，最低流速應為 0.15m/s，不發(fā)生沉積的平均流速應達到 0.30.5m/s。氧化溝的曝氣設備一般為曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷和曝氣轉(zhuǎn)盤，轉(zhuǎn)刷的浸沒深度為 250300mm，轉(zhuǎn)盤的浸沒深度為 480 530mm。與氧化溝水深（ 3.03.6m）相比，轉(zhuǎn)刷只占了水深的 1/101/12，轉(zhuǎn)盤也只占了 1/61/7，因此造成氧化溝上部流速較大（約為 0.81.2m，甚至更大），而底部流速很?。ㄌ?別是在水深的 2/3或 3/4以下，混合液幾乎沒有流速），致使溝底大量積泥（有時積泥厚度達 1.0m），大大減少了氧化溝的有效容積，降低了處理效果，影響了出水水質(zhì)。 加裝上、下游導流板是改善流速分布、提高充氧能力的有效方法和最方便的措施。上游導流板安裝在距轉(zhuǎn)盤（轉(zhuǎn)刷）軸心 4.0處（上游），導流板高度為水深的 1/51/6，并垂直于水面安裝；下游導流板安裝在距轉(zhuǎn)盤（轉(zhuǎn)刷）軸心 3.0m處。導流板的材料可以用金屬或玻璃鋼，但以玻璃鋼為佳。導流板與其他改善措施相比，不僅不會增加動力消耗和運轉(zhuǎn)成本，而且還能夠較大幅度地 提高充氧能力和理論動力效率 13。 另外，通過在曝氣機上游設置水下推動器也可以對曝氣轉(zhuǎn)刷底部低速區(qū)的混合液循環(huán)流動起到積極推動作用，從而解決氧化溝底部流速低、污泥沉積的問題。設置水下推動器專門用于推動混合液可以使氧化溝的運行方式更加靈活，這對于節(jié)約能源、提高效率具有十分重要的意義 14。 5. Carrousel 氧化溝的發(fā)展 由于污水處理標準中對除磷脫氮的要求越來越嚴格， Carrousel氧化溝也得到了進一步的發(fā)展。目前，研究及應用較多的包括以下兩種類型：微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)、 Carrousel 3000系統(tǒng)。 5.1 微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng) 微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng)采用微孔曝氣（供氧設備為鼓風機），微孔曝氣器可產(chǎn)生大量直徑為 1mm左右的微小氣泡，這大大提高了氣泡的表面積，使得在池容積一定的情況下氧轉(zhuǎn)移總量增大（如池深增加則其傳質(zhì)效率將更高）。根據(jù)目前鼓風機生產(chǎn)廠家的技術能力，池的有效水深最大可達 8m，因此可根據(jù)不同的工藝要求選取合適的水深。傳統(tǒng)氧化溝的推流是利用轉(zhuǎn)刷、轉(zhuǎn)碟或倒傘型表曝機實現(xiàn)的，其設備利用率低、動力消耗大。微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng)則采用了水下推流的方式，即把潛水推進器葉輪產(chǎn)生的推動力直接作用于水體，在起推流作用的同時又可有效防止污泥的沉降。因而，采用潛水推進器既降低了動力消耗，又使泥水得到了充分地混合。 從水力特性來看，微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)為環(huán)狀折流池型，兼有推流式和完全混合式的流態(tài)。就整個氧化溝來看，可認為氧化溝是一個完全混合曝氣池，其濃度變化系數(shù)極小甚至可以忽略不計，進水將迅速得到稀釋，因此它具有很強的抗沖擊負荷能力。但對于氧化溝中的某一段則具有某些推流式的特征，即在 曝氣器下游附近地段 DO 濃度較高，但隨著與曝氣器距離的不斷增加則 DO濃度不斷降低（出現(xiàn)缺氧區(qū)）。這種構(gòu)造方式使缺氧區(qū)和好氧區(qū)存在于一個構(gòu)筑物內(nèi)，充分利用了其水力特性，達到了高效生物脫氮的目的。 微孔曝氣型 Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng)盡管具有充氧能力強、除磷脫氮效果好、占地面積少和能耗低等優(yōu)點，但同時它也存在微孔曝氣設備維修的問題。目前，國內(nèi)微孔曝氣器的使用壽命為 45年，好的可達 810年，但與進口微孔曝氣器相比還有一定的差距。曝氣器的維修不像表曝設備那樣方便，它需要干池才能檢修，也就是說一旦微孔曝氣 器出現(xiàn)問題需采用平行兩組或三組來解決問題，或者采用提升裝置等來解決，這也將會給生產(chǎn)和管理帶來極大的不便 15 16。 5.2 Carrousel 3000 系統(tǒng) Carrousel 3000 系統(tǒng)是在 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)前再加上一個生物選擇區(qū)。該生物選擇區(qū)是利用高有機負荷篩選菌種，抑制絲狀菌的增長，提高各污染物的去除率，其后的工藝原理同 Carrousel 2000 系統(tǒng)。 Carrousel 3000 系統(tǒng)的較大提高表現(xiàn)在：一是增加了池深，可達 7.58m，同心圓式，池壁共用，減少了占地 面積，降低造價同時提高了耐低溫能力（可達 7 ）；二是曝氣設備的巧妙設計，表曝機下安裝導流筒，抽吸缺氧的混合液，采用水下推進器解決流速問題；三是使用了先進的曝氣控制器 QUTE（它采用一種多變量控制模式）。四是采用一體化設計，從中心開始，包括以下環(huán)狀連續(xù)工藝單元：進水井和用于回流活性污泥的分水器；分別由四部分組成的選擇池和厭氧池。這之外是有三個曝氣器和一個預反硝化池的 Carrousel 2000系統(tǒng)（如圖 2 所示）。五是圓形一體化的設計使得氧化溝不需額外的管線，即可實現(xiàn)回流污泥在不同工藝單元間的分配 17。 6. 結(jié)論 Carrousel氧化溝由于具有良好的出磷脫氮能力、抗沖擊負荷能力和運行管理方便等優(yōu)點，已經(jīng)得到了廣泛的應用。但由于科技的發(fā)展和社會的進步，該工藝必將得到進一步的提高。作者認為： Carrousel 氧化溝的未來研究方向?qū)⒅饕w現(xiàn)在以下幾方面。 1 結(jié)合生物膜法，研究和開發(fā)生物模型 Carrousel氧化溝。這樣不僅可以提高單位反應器的微生物總量，從而提高有機負荷，而且生物膜本身具有的內(nèi)置 A/O系統(tǒng)強化了脫氮效果 18。 2 不斷提高 Carrousel 氧化溝中微生物的活性。例如在氧化溝中投加 EM 專一菌種、投入鐵鹽使微生物馴化成生物鐵、投入活性炭增強菌膠團的形成并提高耐毒性沖擊等。 3 提高 Carrousel氧化溝設備性能和監(jiān)控技術。提高表曝機、水下推進器的性能，減少維修工作量；利用 DO、 ORP等多目標監(jiān)控技術及變頻技術是今后 Carrousel氧化溝科學運行的必由之路。 4 提高 Carrousel氧化溝的耐寒、耐毒性能，減少占地面積和工程造價。膜理論的應用、深池水力條件和工藝性能的研究為降低工程造價、提高耐寒耐毒性能等提供了可能的方向。 Oxidize the ditch craft in dirty water handle of application and development Summary: This text expatiated primarily the Carrousel oxidizes the construction, craft mechanism of the ditch and circulate the problem exsited in the process with the homologous the method of solution.Finally, introduce the Carrousel oxidize the latest research progress of the ditch and pointed out the future and main research direction. Key phrase: The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphor takes off the nitrogen construction mechanism Application and Development of Carrousel Oxidation Ditch Process on Wastewater Treatment Abstract: The structure and the techniques of carrousel oxidation ditch process on nitrogen and phosphor removal are introduced in this paper. The problems inrunning and their corresponding resolvent are also pointed. At last, The authorshowed the up to date research improvement and the mainly future research dire-ction. Key words: Carrousel; oxidation ditch; nitrogen and phosphor removal; structure;techniques 1. Foreword Oxidize the ditch( oxidation ditch) again a continuous circulation spirit pond( Continuous loop reactor), is a live and dirty mire method a kind of to transform.Oxidizing the dirty water in ditch handles the craft be researched to manufacture by the hygiene engineering graduate school of Holland in the 50s of 20 centuries success.Since in 1954 at Dutch throw in the usage for the very first time.Because its a water fluid matter good, circulate the stability and manage convenience etc. technique characteristics, already at domestic and international and extensive application in live the dirty water to is dirty to manage aqueously with the industry1. Current application than oxidize extensively the ditch type include:The ( Pasveer) oxidizes the ditch, the ( Carrousel) oxidizes the ditch, ( Orbal) oxidizes the ditch, the type of T oxidizes the ditch( three ditch types oxidize the ditch), the type of DE oxidizes the ditch to turn to oxidize the ditch with the integral whole.These oxidize the ditch because of the difference of esse in construction with circulating, therefore each characteristics2.This text will introduce construction, mechanism, existent problem and its latest developments that Carrousel oxidize ditches primarily. 2. The Carrousel oxidizes the construction of the ditch The Carrousel oxidize the ditch to be researched to manufacture by Dutch DHV company development in 1967.Oxidize the last the company of DHV in foundation of the ditch in the original Carrousel to permited specially the company EIMCO to invent again with its patent in the United States Carrousel 2000 system( see the figure ), realizes the living creature of the higher request takes off the nitrogen with divided by the function of .There has been in the world up to now more than 850 Carrousels oxidize the ditch with the Carrousel 2000 system are circulating3. From diagram therefore, the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch the usage the spirit of that definite direction control with shake up the device, face to mix with the liquid deliver the level speed, from but make drive the liquid of admixture that shake up is in oxidize ditch shut match outlet circulate flow.Therefore oxidize the ditch have the special hydraulics flows the , current complete mix with the characteristics of the type reactor, have the characteristics that push the flow type reactor again, the ditch inside exsits obviously of deliquescence oxygen density steps degree.Oxidizing the ditch cross section is rectangle or trapezoids, the flat surface shape is many for oval, the ditch internal water is deep general for 2.5 4.5 , the breadth is deep compare for 2:1, also have the deep water amount to 7 ms of, ditch inside average speed in water current is 0.3 ms/ s.Oxidize ditch spirit admixture equipments contain surface spirit machine, the spirit of turn to brush or turn the dish and shoot to flow the spirit machine, pipe type spirit machine with promote take care of type spirit machine etc., match with in recent years usage still contain underwater push machine46. 3. The Carrousel oxidizes the mechanism of the ditch 3.1 The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch handles dirty and aqueous principle The at the beginning common Carrousel oxidizes the dirty water in inside in craft of the ditch direct with dirty mire in reflux together enter oxidize the ditch system.The surface spirit machine makes fuse in the liquid of admixture the density of the oxygen DO increases about 2 the 3 mgs/ L.Under this kind of well the term of the oxygen , the microorganism gets the enough deliquescence oxygen comes and go to divided by the BOD;At the same time, the ammonia were too oxidized nitrate with second nitrate, this time, mix with the liquid be placed in the oxygen appearance.In the spirit machine downstream, after water current be become by the swift flow appearance of the spirit District of even flow the appearance, the water current maintains in the minimum current velocity, guaranteeing the live and dirty mire be placed in the floats the appearance.( average current velocity0.3 ms/ s)Oxidize microbially the process consumed to fuse the oxygen in the water, until the value of DO declines for zero, mixing with the liquid report the anoxia appearance.Versa nitric that turn the function through anoxia area, mix with the liquid enter to have the oxygen area, completing once circulating.That system inside, the BOD declines the solution is a continuous process, the nitric turns the function to turn with the versa nitric the function take place in same pond.Because of structural restrict, this kind of oxidize the ditch although can then valid whereabouts BOD, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous ability limited7. For the sake of the acquisition better divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogenous result, Carrousel 2000 systems increased a oxygen District before common Carrousel oxidize ditch with the unique oxygen area.( call again that the versa nitric in front turns the area)The dirty mire in all refluxes enters the anaerobic District with 10-30% dirty water, can under the anoxia with 10-30% carbon source term complete remaining of dirty mire in reflux inside nitric acid nitrogen to versa nitric to turn, creates for the unique oxygen pond of hereafter unique oxygen term.At the same time, anaerobic District inside of concurrently the sex germs convert the dissolubility BOD VFA, the germ acquire the VFA its assimilation PHB, the energy source needed solves in the phosphoric water and cause phosphatic releasing.The anaerobic District a water enters the inner part installs the unique oxygen area that have the mixer, the so-called unique oxygen is a pond inside to mix with liquid since have no the numerator oxygen, also have no the compound oxygen( nitric acid root), the here unique oxygen environment is next,70-90% dirty water can provide the enough carbon source, can make the germ of released the phosphorus well.The unique oxygen area connects behind the common Carrousel oxidizes the ditch system, further completing to do away with the BOD and take off the nitrogen with divided by the phosphorus .Finally, mix with the liquid transfer the dirty mire inside in oxidize ditch enrich oxygen area eject, while enriching the oxygen environment germ surfeit, phosphorus from the water, ejecting the system with the dirty mire in surplus.Like this, in Carrousel 2000 systems, than completed to do away with the BOD, COD with take off at the same time goodly the nitrogen divided by the phosphorus . Synthesizing and dirty water in the river City , long sand City decontamination centers of the dirty the factory of water in the first in Kunming of adoption that crafts handles the movement result of the factory therefore:Through Carrousel 2000 system after handling, the BOD, COD, SS does away with the rate to all come to a 90% above, the TN does away with the rate comes to a 80%, the TP does away with the rate to also come to a 90%. 3.2 The Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphorus takes off the nitrogenous influence factor. Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch divideds by the phosphoric factor is dirty mire , nitrate density and quality densities primarily.The research expresses, being total and dirty mire as 11% that a hour biggest phosphorus 4% with deal is its fuck dirty mire deal within live and dirty mire, keep for the the germ physical endowment measures, but when dirty mire over 15 d hour dirty mire the inside is biggest to contain the obvious descent in deal in phosphorus , canning not reach the biggest divideding by the result of phosphorus on the contrary.Therefore, prolong persistently the dirty mire ( for example 20ds,25ds,30ds) is to have no necessary, proper choose to use within the scope of 815 d.At the same time, high nitrate density with low quality density disadvantage in divided by the process of phosphorus . Affecting the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch takes off the nitrogenous and main factor is DO, nitrate density and carbon source densities.The research expresses, oxidizing the ditch inside exsits deliquescence oxygen density steps degree namely the good oxygen area DO attains 33.5 mgs/ L, the anoxia area DO attains 00.5 mgs/ L is a prior condition to take place nitric turn reaction and versa nitrics turn the reaction.At the same time, ample carbon source and higher C/ the N ratio benefits to take off to complete nitrogenously7. 4. The Carrousel oxidizes problem and solution methods of the ditch esse. Though the Carrousel oxidizes the ditch has a water fluid matter good, the anti- pounds at the burthen ability strong, divided by the phosphorus take off the nitrogen efficiency. But, in physically of movement process, still exsits a series of problem. 4.1 Dirty mire inflation problem When discard the aquatic carbohydrate more, the N, P contains the unbalance of deal, the pH value is low, oxidizing the dirty mire in inside in ditch carries high, fuse the oxygen density the shortage, line up the mire not etc. causes easily dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflation;Not the dirty mire in germ in form in silk inflation takes place primarily at the waste water water temperature is lower but the dirty mire carries higher hour.The microbial burthen is high, the germs absorbed the large quantity nourishment material, is low because of the temperature, metabolism the speed is slower, accumulating the rises large quantity is high to glue sexual and many sugar materials, making the surface of the live and dirty mire adhere to the water to increase consumedly, SVI the value is very high, becoming the dirty mire inflation. Cause that aim at the dirty mire inflation, can adopt the different counterplan:From the anoxia, water temperature high result in of, can enlargement tolerance or lower into the water measures to alleviate burthen, or the adequacy lowers the MLSS( control dirty mire reflux measure), making need the oxygen measures decrease;If the dirty mire carries high, can increase MLSS, to adjust the burthen, necessity the hour can stop into the water, stuffy a period of time;Can pass the hurl add the nitrogen fertilizer, phosphorus fatty, adjust the admixture nourishment in the liquid material equilibrium( BOD5:N:P=100:5:1);The value of pH over low, can throw to