考研相似易混單詞-對(duì)比記憶.doc

考研相似易混單詞對(duì)比記憶applausen.喝彩；夸獎(jiǎng)，稱(chēng)贊applaudv.喝彩；稱(chēng)贊plausiblea.似乎合情理的，似乎可信的acclaimv.歡呼，喝彩；n.喝彩claimv.要求，索賠聲稱(chēng)，主張值得；n.C權(quán)利，要求權(quán)，所有權(quán)(for,on)索賠主張，斷言exclaimv.呼喊，驚叫exclamationn.感嘆，驚嘆reclaimvt.收回開(kāi)墾proclaimvt.宣布，聲明adoptvt.收養(yǎng)采用，采納adaptvt.使適應(yīng)改編adjustvt.調(diào)整，調(diào)節(jié)校正announcev.宣布，發(fā)表，通告報(bào)告到來(lái)announcern.C播音員，報(bào)幕員pronunciationn.發(fā)音（方法）pronouncev.宣判，宣布發(fā)音declarevt.宣布，宣告聲明，表明斷言，宣稱(chēng)declarationn.宣布，宣言assertvt.斷言，宣稱(chēng)維護(hù)insertvt.插入，嵌入exertvt.發(fā)揮，施加desertvt.拋棄擅離（職守）；n.沙漠，不毛之地abandonvt.離棄，拋棄放棄discardvt.丟棄，拋棄exilen.流放，流亡被流放者，流亡者；vt.流放reptilen.爬行動(dòng)物，爬蟲(chóng)textilen.C紡織品；a.紡織的pretextn.借口，托辭contextn.文章前后關(guān)系，上下文contestv.比賽，爭(zhēng)論；n.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，比賽protestv.n.抗議，反對(duì)testimonyn.U證據(jù)，證詞表明testifyv.證實(shí)，作證verifyvi.證實(shí)，核實(shí)certifyv.證明發(fā)證書(shū)certificaten.證書(shū)，證明書(shū)concertn.音樂(lè)會(huì)，演奏會(huì)一齊，一致ascertainvt.查明，弄清certaintyn.必然，肯定必然的事uncertaina.不肯定的，靠不住的uncertaintyn.不肯定，易變性certainlyad.一定，必定當(dāng)然行certaina.某一，某些確信的，可靠的肯定的，必然的surea.確信的，肯定的一定的，必然的可靠的，穩(wěn)當(dāng)?shù)膇nsurevt.給保險(xiǎn)保證insurancen.U保險(xiǎn)（費(fèi)）assurevt.向保證使確信assurancen.保證確定，斷言ensurevt.保證，確保pledgevt.發(fā)誓保證；n.誓言，保證warrantvt.保證，擔(dān)保；n.保修（期）憑證，委任狀根據(jù)，理由guaranteevt.保證，擔(dān)保；n.保修（期）保證（人或物）witnessvt.為作證，證明；n.證明，證據(jù)目擊者，證人underestimatevt.低估estimaten.vt.評(píng)估，評(píng)價(jià)appraisev.評(píng)價(jià)appraisaln.評(píng)價(jià)估計(jì)，估量praisev.n.稱(chēng)贊，表?yè)P(yáng)appreciablea.可估計(jì)的，可察覺(jué)的appreciatevt.感激，欣賞preciousa.寶貴的，貴重的previousa.先前的，以前的(to)在之前foregoinga.在前的precedinga.在前的，在先的precedev.領(lǐng)先，先于，在之前proceduren.程序，手續(xù)，步驟processvt.加工，處理；n.過(guò)程，進(jìn)程工序工藝，制作法microprocessorn.微處理器processionn.隊(duì)列，行列proceedvt.進(jìn)行，繼續(xù)（做某事）發(fā)出proceedingn.行動(dòng)，進(jìn)行(pl.)會(huì)議記錄，活動(dòng)記錄concedevt.勉強(qiáng)承認(rèn)退讓?zhuān)籿i.讓步concessionn.C讓步，遷就concessionairen.特許權(quán)享有人exceedvt.超過(guò)，勝過(guò)超出exceedinglyad.極端地，非常地excessa.過(guò)量的，額外的；n.超過(guò)，過(guò)多過(guò)度，過(guò)分excessivea.過(guò)多的，極度的successn.U成功，成就C成功的人或事successfula.成功的successivea.連續(xù)的successorn.繼承人successionn.連續(xù)，系列U繼任，繼承（權(quán)，次序等）succeedvi.成功繼承接著發(fā)生；vt.接替triumphn.vi.勝利triumphanta.勝利的，得意洋洋的winv.贏，獲得達(dá)到，趕上；n.勝利victoriousa.勝利的victoryn.勝利convictvt.（以審訊）證明有罪，宣判有罪；n.C囚犯convictionn.確信，深信convincevt.使確信，使信服persuadevt.使相信說(shuō)服，勸說(shuō)persuasionn.說(shuō)服，說(shuō)服力academyn.學(xué)院，協(xié)會(huì)academica.學(xué)院的學(xué)術(shù)的epidemicn.流行?。籥.流行性的傳染的infectiousa.傳染（性）的有感染力的infectv.傳染感染affectvt.打動(dòng)，震動(dòng)影響affectionn.感情慈愛(ài)，愛(ài)defectn.缺點(diǎn)，缺陷perfectvt.使完善，改進(jìn)；a.完善的，無(wú)瑕的十足的perfectiblea.可以改善的，可以達(dá)到完美的perfectionn.完美，盡善盡美perfectlyad.很完全地完美地effectivea.有效的，生效的effectn.效果，結(jié)果(on)作用，影響；v.產(chǎn)生，招致resultn.結(jié)果，成績(jī)；vi.(in)導(dǎo)致，結(jié)果是(from)起因于，因而造成resultanta.合成的作為結(jié)果而發(fā)生的insultvt.n.侮辱consultantn.會(huì)診醫(yī)師，顧問(wèn)醫(yī)生顧問(wèn)consultvt.請(qǐng)教，與商量查閱；vi.(with)商量，商議negotiatevt.協(xié)商，談判；vi.商議confervi.商談，商議；vt.授予（稱(chēng)號(hào)/單位），賦予conferencen.會(huì)議differvi.不同與意見(jiàn)不同differencen.差別，分歧differenta.(from)有差別的各種不同的differentiatev.區(qū)別，區(qū)分indifferenta.冷淡的inferv.推斷offervt.主動(dòng)提供；n.提供prefervt.更喜歡，寧愿preferablea.更可取的，更好的preferencen.偏愛(ài)優(yōu)惠suffervt.遭受，忍受；vi.(from)受痛苦，患病受損失transfervt.調(diào)動(dòng)，轉(zhuǎn)換；vi.遷移轉(zhuǎn)車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)賬referv.(to)查閱，參考(to)提到，引用提交，上呈referencen.參考，參考書(shū)目提及，涉及C證明書(shū)（或人），介紹（人）bibliographyn.C（有關(guān)某一專(zhuān)題的）書(shū)目，參考書(shū)目biographyn.傳記photographn.照片paragraphn.（文章等的）段落短評(píng)，短訊telegraphv.發(fā)電報(bào)；n.電報(bào)（機(jī)）wirevt.打電報(bào)用鐵絲捆；n.電信，電報(bào)電線(xiàn)，金屬線(xiàn)cablevt.拍電報(bào)；n.U電報(bào)電纜繩套cradlen.C搖籃發(fā)源地；v.將放在籃子里bendv.（使）屈從，（使）彎曲；n.C彎曲benta.彎曲的有決心的flexiblea.易彎曲的靈活的reflectionn.沉思，反省反射，反映映像，倒影reflectv.反省，細(xì)想反映，表現(xiàn)反射，反響thinkv.認(rèn)為，想thoughtn.想法U思想weighvt.權(quán)衡，考慮稱(chēng)重weightn.重要性重量，重?fù)?dān)considerv.認(rèn)為，把看作考慮，細(xì)想體諒，照顧considerablea.相當(dāng)大（或多）的值得考慮的consideratea.體諒人的，考慮周到的considerationn.U考慮，思考體諒，照顧需要考慮的事，理由presidevi.(at,over)主持（會(huì)議，業(yè)務(wù)等）residentn.C居民，常住者；a.居住的residencen.C住處，住宅residevi.(in)居住屬于livevi.居住，生存；vt.過(guò)生活livea.活的實(shí)況轉(zhuǎn)播的livelya.活躍的，活潑的栩栩如生的；ad.快活地，活潑地alivea.活躍的，熱鬧的活著的（作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ)）livinga.活（著）的；n.生計(jì)，生活lifen.生命C一生生涯，生計(jì)U生物settlementn.C定居點(diǎn)U結(jié)賬U調(diào)停，解決settlevt.結(jié)（帳），支付解決；vi.定居（鳥(niǎo)等）歇落dwellingn.住處，寓所dwellv.居住swellv.（使）膨脹增大隆起inflationn.U脹大，夸張通貨膨脹（物價(jià)）上漲termn.C(pl.)條件術(shù)語(yǔ)期限，某特定的期間學(xué)期terminatev.結(jié)束terminala.末端的，終端的；n.C終點(diǎn)（站）終端，接線(xiàn)端determinevt.決定，決心確定限定resolutionn.堅(jiān)定，決心C決定，決議解決absolutea.絕對(duì)的，純粹的dissolvevt.解除（婚約等）（使）溶解，融化solvevt.解決，解答salutev.歡迎向打招呼敬禮solutionn.解決方法溶解，溶液solublea.可溶的resolutea.堅(jiān)決的，果斷的resolvev.決定，決定；n.解決，解答決心，決定決議abide, adhere, conform, comply這四個(gè)研究生入學(xué)考試中的高頻考詞都有“遵守”的意思，但是它們的搭配不同。abide v.后接by表示“遵守，同意”。I will abide by the director decision.我將遵從主任的決定。adhere v.后接to表示“遵守”。(當(dāng)然adhere一詞的其它意思如“堅(jiān)持；粘附”也經(jīng)常被考到。)Car drivers must adhere to the rules of driving.汽車(chē)司機(jī)必須遵守駕駛規(guī)則。conform v.后接to表示“遵守，符合”。All individuals are required to conform to the laws made by their governments.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該遵守政府制訂的法律。comply v.后接with表示“遵守，服從”，用于正式的場(chǎng)合。Our company complies with governmental regulations on paying taxes.我們公司遵守政府有關(guān)納稅的規(guī)定。abnormal, uncommon, disordered這三個(gè)單詞都有“反常的”之意，在考研和CET-6當(dāng)中經(jīng)常讓考生們辨析它們的細(xì)微差別。abnormal a.不正常的，反常的(但并非罕見(jiàn))，指行為或現(xiàn)象(如氣候)的異常。His body temperature has been abnormal for 3 days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.他的體溫三天來(lái)一直都不正常，最高的時(shí)候達(dá)到40.5攝氏度。(盡管身體發(fā)燒不正常，但生活中也時(shí)有發(fā)生。)uncommon a.罕見(jiàn)的，不平常的，指很少經(jīng)歷或很少見(jiàn)到的狀況；特別的，出色的。Hurricanes are uncommon in England.颶風(fēng)在英國(guó)非常罕見(jiàn)。That is uncommon instant coffee; it tastes great!那速溶咖啡質(zhì)量上乘，味道好極了！disordered a.混亂的，雜亂的；(精神或身體)有病的。We couldnt understand her disordered presentation.我們聽(tīng)不明白她條理不清的陳述。abolish, cancel, eliminate, dispose, erase, exclude, extinguish這一組動(dòng)詞都有“取消，除掉”的意思。abolish v.指對(duì)法律、習(xí)俗、制度的廢除；完全破壞。The government abolished the tax on alcohol.政府取消了酒稅。cancel v.對(duì)預(yù)先安排的某種活動(dòng)(如旅行、計(jì)劃、會(huì)議等)的取消；刪去(字、句)。The meeting has been cancelled because of the flu.會(huì)議由于流感而取消了。eliminate v.指消除、淘汰已經(jīng)存在但是現(xiàn)在不需要的東西。The losing team was eliminated from further competition.失利的那個(gè)隊(duì)被淘汰了，不能參加下一階段的比賽。The doctor helped him eliminate toxins from the intestine.醫(yī)生幫助他排出腸中毒素。dispose v.處理，處置；表示“除掉、扔掉”時(shí)常與of連用。(這一點(diǎn)需要注意。)After your picnic, please dispose of the litter.野餐后請(qǐng)清除掉垃圾。erase v.除去，擦掉，指有意識(shí)地除去字跡、聲音等。I erased the music on the tape before recording on the tape again.我在往磁帶上錄音之前先消掉了上面的音樂(lè)。exclude v.排斥；排除，不包括在內(nèi)，與include互為反義詞。The restaurant excludes anyone who is not properly dressed from entering.衣冠不整者不得進(jìn)入該餐館。extinguish v.熄滅，撲滅(火)；使沉默，使暗淡。Firefighters extinguished a big fire.消防隊(duì)員撲滅了大火。abstract, digest, outline, summary這一組名詞都有“要點(diǎn)，摘要”的意思。abstract n.概要，摘要，尤其指對(duì)學(xué)術(shù)論文或法律論據(jù)作的簡(jiǎn)述。I have read the abstract of his book.我已經(jīng)讀了他的書(shū)的概要。digest n. (篇幅較長(zhǎng)的)摘要，文摘，它是對(duì)原文的濃縮而不是對(duì)原文的簡(jiǎn)單解釋?zhuān)瑵饪s后仍保持原文的順序、重點(diǎn)和風(fēng)格。Readers Digest讀者文摘outline n.要點(diǎn)，大綱，概要。She made an outline of ideas she wanted to present in her talk.她把自己要談的想法列了一個(gè)提綱。summary n.總結(jié)，摘要，指用寥寥數(shù)語(yǔ)概括文章或者講話(huà)的要點(diǎn)，不考慮原文的風(fēng)格。absurd, ridiculous, silly這一組形容詞都有“愚蠢，可笑”的意思。absurd a.荒謬的，可笑的，指因不符合常識(shí)、違反真理或不合邏輯而令人發(fā)笑。There was an absurd idea that the earth was flat and motionless.過(guò)去曾經(jīng)有一種荒謬的觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為地球呈扁平狀而且靜止不動(dòng)。ridiculous a.荒唐可笑的，指因?yàn)橛廾翢o(wú)知而令人發(fā)笑并成為笑柄，含有蔑視成分。It is ridiculous to judge a foreign culture only by its food.僅僅根據(jù)一個(gè)國(guó)家的飲食來(lái)評(píng)價(jià)該國(guó)家的文化是荒唐可笑的。silly a.愚蠢的，傻的，指由于單純或者頭腦簡(jiǎn)單而顯得愚蠢。a silly little boy傻小子abundant, plentiful這兩個(gè)形容詞都有“充足的”之意。abundant a. (數(shù)量)充足的，常用于人、物產(chǎn)、資源、雨量等，含有“過(guò)多”之意。Oil is in abundant supply in this country.這個(gè)國(guó)家石油供應(yīng)十分充裕。plentiful a.豐富的，充足的，常用于食物、收獲、財(cái)產(chǎn)等，不能用于時(shí)間、空間、思想等方面。Eggs are plentiful at this moment.現(xiàn)在雞蛋很多。accent, tone, dialect這三個(gè)名詞意思相近，容易混淆。accent n.口音，指某一地區(qū)語(yǔ)言的發(fā)音特征；重音。He speaks English with a Spanish accent.他講英語(yǔ)帶有西班牙口音。tone n.語(yǔ)氣，音調(diào)，指說(shuō)話(huà)人的口氣或聲音的高低、輕重等。He speaks to his baby in soft tones.他用柔和的語(yǔ)調(diào)和他的嬰兒說(shuō)話(huà)。dialect n.方言，土語(yǔ)，地方話(huà)，指一個(gè)地區(qū)人們所使用的語(yǔ)言。the Yorkshire dialect約克郡方言the Sichuan dialect四川方言access, assess這兩個(gè)詞為一組“形近易混詞”。access n.接近，進(jìn)入。The people living in these apartments have free access to that swimming pool.住在這些公寓里的人可以免費(fèi)地進(jìn)入游泳池。assess v.評(píng)估(財(cái)產(chǎn)，價(jià)值)。I assessed how much it would cost to build a new apartment.我評(píng)估了一下建一套新的公寓要多少錢(qián)。accommodate, afford, furnish這一組動(dòng)詞都有“提供”的意思。accommodate v.提供住宿、房間；適應(yīng)，迎合，遷就。This hotel can accommodate up to 500 guests.這家飯店可供500位來(lái)賓住宿。The company accommodated the customers wish and sent the delivery overnight.公司滿(mǎn)足了顧客的愿望，連夜將貨物發(fā)了出去。afford v.負(fù)擔(dān)，支付；當(dāng)“提供”講時(shí)，多用于指抽象事物的提供。We cant afford that expensive sports car.我們買(mǎi)不起那輛昂貴的跑車(chē)。The tall building affords a beautiful view of the ocean.從這幢高樓上可以看到大海的美麗景致。furnish v.指提供生活或某種用途所需要的東西。Reading furnishes the mind only with materials of knowledge, it is thinking that makes what we read ours.閱讀雖然為我們的思想提供了各種知識(shí)，然而只有思考才能將我們讀到的內(nèi)容變成自己的東西。accomplishment, attainment, achievement這三個(gè)名詞都有“成就”的意思。accomplishment n.成功，成就；才藝，修養(yǎng)。Climbing that high mountain was an accomplishment for the hikers.對(duì)于登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員來(lái)說(shuō)，爬上了那座山就是成功。Being able to paint well is just one of her accomplishments.畫(huà)畫(huà)得好只是她的許多才能之一。attainment n.指學(xué)識(shí)和造詣(常用作復(fù)數(shù))；達(dá)到，到達(dá)。a scholar of the highest attainments造詣極高的學(xué)者achievement n.可指抽象的“成就”，或具體的“成績(jī)”，與accomplishment是同義詞。accuse, charge兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有“控訴，指控”之意，但它們后面所搭配的介詞不同。accuse v.指控，控訴，與介詞of連用。The police accused him of theft.警察指控他犯有盜竊罪。charge v.可以指因?yàn)樾″e(cuò)而受的責(zé)備，也指因違法而受到控告，與介詞with連用。The police charged him with murder.警察指控他犯了謀殺罪。acquire, attain, obtain, gain, earn, achieve, secure 這一組動(dòng)詞都有獲得，取得的意思，在考研和CET-6當(dāng)中屢次出現(xiàn)它們之間的辨析。acquire v.多指經(jīng)過(guò)努力逐步獲得才能、知識(shí)、習(xí)慣等，也可用于對(duì)財(cái)物等的獲得，該詞強(qiáng)調(diào)一經(jīng)獲得就會(huì)長(zhǎng)期持有的含義。It is through learning that the individual acquires many habitual ways of reacting to situations.正是通過(guò)學(xué)習(xí)，個(gè)人才得以獲得應(yīng)付各種情況的習(xí)慣做法。attain v.指經(jīng)過(guò)不懈的努力獲得未曾預(yù)料到的結(jié)果；也可指達(dá)到某一目標(biāo)。The salesperson attained his sales goal for the month.這名銷(xiāo)售員完成了當(dāng)月的銷(xiāo)售目標(biāo)。obtain v.獲得，買(mǎi)到，用于正式語(yǔ)體中。He obtained the property with a bank loan.他通過(guò)向銀行貸款買(mǎi)下了那份房產(chǎn)。gain v.指通過(guò)較大努力獲得某種利益或好處；亦可指軍事上的武力奪取等。An investor gains by buying stocks that go up in value.投資者通過(guò)所買(mǎi)股票價(jià)格上漲而得利潤(rùn)。earn v.掙得，贏得，指因工作等而得到報(bào)酬或待遇。How much do you earn a week?你一星期掙多少錢(qián)？achieve v.得到，獲得，多指成就、目標(biāo)、幸福的取得。The movie star achieved success and wealth.這個(gè)影星取得了成功和財(cái)富。secure v.得到；把拿到手，含有肯定占有難以得到的東西之意；使安全，保衛(wèi)；作形容詞比較常見(jiàn)，意為安全的。A million signatures have been secured.已征集到了100萬(wàn)人的簽名。He secured the office before leaving it for the night.他晚上離開(kāi)前鎖好了辦公室的門(mén)窗。acute, critical, crucial, urgent這一組形容詞都有嚴(yán)重的，重要的意思。acute a.劇烈的，嚴(yán)重的；急性的(病)。An acute lack of food brought hunger to the Iraqi people.食品嚴(yán)重缺乏，伊拉克人民正在忍饑挨餓。critical a.意為關(guān)鍵的，表示處于極度缺乏的狀態(tài)或事件的轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，與crucial相似。與crucial的區(qū)別在于它對(duì)缺乏的或危急的程度有更準(zhǔn)確的衡量；還指批判性的，分析性的。It is critical that you study hard for the exam or you will fail it.為了考好你必須用功學(xué)習(xí)，則你會(huì)不及格的。crucial a.意為決定性的，緊要關(guān)頭的，至關(guān)重要的，最為籠統(tǒng)，適用于上述兩種情況。Improved consumer confidence is crucial to an economic recovery.消費(fèi)者信心的增強(qiáng)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的復(fù)蘇是至關(guān)重要的。urgent a.意為緊迫的，急迫的，緊要的，它不強(qiáng)調(diào)所指的問(wèn)題是最重要的，僅強(qiáng)調(diào)緊急的狀態(tài)。We have an urgent need for help; we are running out of water.我們急需要幫助，我們的水就快要用光了。adjust, regulate, rectify, amend, convert, alter, modify, transform, vary這九個(gè)動(dòng)詞都含有調(diào)整、改變的意思。adjust v.一般指很小的改變或技術(shù)性的調(diào)整；修理。I adjusted the air conditioner to stay cool.我調(diào)節(jié)了空調(diào)以保持涼爽。regulate v.指根據(jù)規(guī)定或需要對(duì)某物(機(jī)器、鐘表等)進(jìn)行調(diào)整或調(diào)節(jié)，使之準(zhǔn)確工作或運(yùn)行；多含有控制之意。Lights are used to regulate the traffic.紅綠燈被用來(lái)管制交通。rectify v.糾正，校正(錯(cuò)誤、文章、合同等)。He rectified the mistake in the contract by changing its wording.他通過(guò)改變措辭糾正了合同里的錯(cuò)誤。amend v. (正式用語(yǔ))指修改文件、法律、規(guī)范等。The politicians amended the law to provide more jobs.政治家們修正了這項(xiàng)法律以提供更多的就業(yè)。convert v.改變某事物的形式或用途，還可以指改變信仰尤其是宗教信仰。Britain converted to a decimal currency system in 1971.英國(guó)于1971年改用十進(jìn)制貨幣體系。Hes converted to Catholicism.他已經(jīng)皈依天主教。alter v.使事物在外觀、性質(zhì)、用途等方面稍作改變。The tailor altered the waistband on my pants because it was too tight.裁縫修改了我的褲腰因?yàn)樗o了。modify v.改變，修改，以使某物更趨完善，還可以用來(lái)表示態(tài)度、脾氣、意見(jiàn)變得溫和。He was loud and angry, and his friends told him to modify his behavior.他粗聲大氣，脾氣暴躁；朋友們告訴他要改變自己的舉止。transform v.指徹底、深遠(yuǎn)的改變，這種變化完全改變了外觀或特性，使被改變的對(duì)象脫胎換骨。Remodeling transformed an old, dark housesintosa cheerful one.重新裝修使這所陳舊昏暗的房子變得賞心悅目。vary v.強(qiáng)調(diào)沒(méi)有一定規(guī)則、陸續(xù)的變化或差異。Air fares vary from one airline to another.航空公司的機(jī)票價(jià)格各不相同。admit, confess, concede這幾個(gè)動(dòng)詞都有承認(rèn)的意思。admit v.指由于說(shuō)服、再三追問(wèn)而承認(rèn)某一事實(shí)或過(guò)錯(cuò)。I admit that you have a point.我承認(rèn)你有理。confess v.供認(rèn)(罪行、過(guò)錯(cuò)等)，含有坦白、招認(rèn)的意思。He confessed his crimes to the judge.他向法官供認(rèn)了他的罪行。concede v.指曾想隱瞞或不愿意承認(rèn)某一錯(cuò)誤，但由于證據(jù)確鑿而不得不勉強(qiáng)承認(rèn)，還可以指以退為進(jìn)的承認(rèn)。The man who caused the accident finally conceded to the police that he had done it.造成這次交通事故的人最終向警察承認(rèn)他是肇事人。affiliate, link, attach, append這一組動(dòng)詞都有附加的意思。affiliate v.加入，成為一部分。an affiliated middle school一所附屬中學(xué)link v.將人或物連接起來(lái)。The crowd linked arms to form a barrier.群眾臂挽著臂組成人墻。attach v.將某物系在、貼在、附在另一物上。I attached a note to my report with a paper clip.我用別針將一張字條別在報(bào)告的后面。append v.增加，附加(與attach的意思比較接近)。The lawyer appended two more pages to the contract.律師在合同后又附加了兩頁(yè)。affirm, assert, allege, claim, announce, proclaim這一組動(dòng)詞都有聲稱(chēng)的意思。affirm v.堅(jiān)信不疑地肯定或宣稱(chēng)，是deny的反義詞。He affirmed his love for her.他發(fā)誓愛(ài)她。assert v.指不管事實(shí)如何，主觀自信地宣稱(chēng)，或者清楚有力地堅(jiān)持某個(gè)情況為事實(shí)。She asserted that she was innocent .她宣稱(chēng)自己是無(wú)辜的。allege v.在無(wú)真憑實(shí)據(jù)的情況下宣稱(chēng)、斷定。The suspect alleged that he had not been in the neighborhood at the time of the crime.嫌疑犯聲稱(chēng)案發(fā)時(shí)他不在現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。claim v.要求，聲稱(chēng)，斷言。多指根據(jù)某種規(guī)定提出的要求或主張。They claim that if more people rode bicycles to go to work there would be fewer automobiles in the downtown section of the city.他們生成如果有更多的人騎自行車(chē)上班的話(huà)，鬧市區(qū)的汽車(chē)就會(huì)有所減少。announce v.宣布，宣告。多指首次當(dāng)眾正式宣布某一主張或態(tài)度，常常帶有預(yù)告的意味。The invention of the printing press announced the diffusion of knowledge.印刷術(shù)的發(fā)明宣告了知識(shí)普及時(shí)代的來(lái)臨。proclaim v.宣布；宣告(成立)。指經(jīng)過(guò)深思熟慮后向大眾宣布一個(gè)明確的決定或判斷，尤其指重大事件的宣布，多用于官方場(chǎng)合。The president proclaimed an emergency when the war came.當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)來(lái)臨的時(shí)候總統(tǒng)宣布進(jìn)入緊急狀態(tài)。aggravate, reinforce, increase, strengthen, intensify這一組動(dòng)詞都有加強(qiáng)的意思。aggravate v.加重(負(fù)擔(dān)、罪行、病情等)，使之惡化。I hurt my foot, then aggravated it by trying to walk too soon.我的腳受傷了，而過(guò)早的下地走路又加重了傷情。reinforce v.增援，一般用于軍隊(duì)或警察的行動(dòng)；(以添加材料等)加固。A police officer saw three thieves robbing a bank and radioed to reinforce him.一位警察看到三個(gè)盜賊搶劫銀行，用無(wú)線(xiàn)電話(huà)要求增援。increase v.指數(shù)量上的增加。The number of people has been increased.人數(shù)增加了。strengthen v.加強(qiáng)，鞏固，增強(qiáng)，相當(dāng)于to become stronger。Exercising every day strengthens the heart.每天鍛煉可以提高心臟的功能。Competition, they believe, strengthens the national character rather than corrupt it.人們認(rèn)為競(jìng)爭(zhēng)加強(qiáng)了民族性而不是破壞了它。intensify v.使變得更強(qiáng)烈、劇烈，加劇，相當(dāng)于to become more intense or intensive。intensify colors加深色彩intensify hatred加深仇恨alert, cautious, considerate這一組形容詞都表示小心的，謹(jǐn)慎的。alert a.警惕的，留神的。The hostess remained standing, alert to every guests drinking need.女主人一直站在旁邊，時(shí)刻準(zhǔn)備給大家斟酒。cautious a.細(xì)心的，謹(jǐn)慎的。He has a cautious attitude about spending money.在花錢(qián)的問(wèn)題上他態(tài)度謹(jǐn)慎。considerate a.關(guān)心他人的，體貼的。He is always considerate of others; he is kind and sympathetic.他總是很體諒他人，并且慈祥而富有同情心。alive, live, living, lively這一組形容詞都跟活有關(guān)。alive a.活著的，有活力的，常作表語(yǔ)，作定語(yǔ)時(shí)必須后置。After the accident, he was barely alive.交通事故后，他奄奄一息。all man alive所有活著的人live a.活的，有活力的，現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播的，We watched the live broadcast of the opera on TV.我們通過(guò)電視觀看了這部歌劇的實(shí)況。living a.活著的，作定語(yǔ)可前可后，可修飾人也可修飾物。Who is the worlds greatest living artist?誰(shuí)是現(xiàn)在還健在的世界上最偉大的藝術(shù)家？living room起居室lively a.活潑的，栩栩如生的。She is a lively young girl, always laughing and doing things.她是個(gè)活潑可愛(ài)的小姑娘，總是歡聲笑語(yǔ)忙個(gè)不停。alleviate, diminish, reduce, decrease, decline這一組動(dòng)詞都有減少，減輕的意思。alleviate v.在痛苦方面的減輕，緩和The painkiller alleviated the pain.止疼藥減緩了疼痛。diminish v.指因?yàn)椴粩嘞?，在?shù)量方面緩慢減少，也指在素質(zhì)或者價(jià)值的下降。The supply of oil has diminished because of the war.由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)石油的供應(yīng)減少了。reduce v.指人為地使某物在數(shù)量或重量方面的減少或降低。He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他縮減了他們的開(kāi)銷(xiāo)。decrease v.指數(shù)量上的減少；力量或者強(qiáng)度的減弱。The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口數(shù)量急劇下降。decline v. (數(shù)目、價(jià)格、比率)下降；謝絕，婉言推辭；衰退，衰落。Last year, the crime rate in Chicago has sharply declined.去年芝加哥的犯罪率明顯下降。He declined our invitation to dinner.他婉拒了我們請(qǐng)他吃飯的邀請(qǐng)。allocate, separate, detach, divide這一組動(dòng)詞都有分開(kāi)的意思。allocate v.分配，把撥給。The city government allocated money for schools and the police in this years budget.市政府在今年的預(yù)算中給學(xué)校和警察部門(mén)分配了資金。separate v.人為地分開(kāi)，使隔離開(kāi)。We separated the salad forks from the dinner forks.我們把沙拉叉與餐叉分隔開(kāi)。detach v.拆開(kāi)組合的物體；遠(yuǎn)離，疏遠(yuǎn)。We need a carpenter to detach this bookshelf from the wall.我們需要一名木匠將書(shū)架從墻上拆下來(lái)。divide v.指將整體分為若干個(gè)部分。The huge corporation dividedsintossmaller companies.這家特大公司分成一些較小的公司。ambiguous, obscure, vague, unclear, dim 這一組形容詞都有模糊的意思。ambiguous a.意義含糊的，有歧義的，指因字、詞、句有歧義而使人感到模糊不清、難以理解和把握。His ambiguous directions confused us; we did not know which of the two roads to take.他的模棱兩可的指導(dǎo)使我們很迷惑以至于我們不知道該走哪條路了。obscure a.用于表達(dá)因光線(xiàn)不足而使人看不清楚。該詞的引申意義可以表示語(yǔ)法、文字、記憶等因復(fù)雜、深?yuàn)W、模棱兩可而使人看不懂和無(wú)法理解。The poetry of Ezra Pound is sometimes difficult to understand because it contains so many obscure references.艾茲拉龐德的詩(shī)有時(shí)候難以理解，因?yàn)樵?shī)歌中含有許多令人費(fèi)解的典故。vague a.含混的，不清楚的，多用于比喻意義，用來(lái)表示因邏輯關(guān)系不清、言辭籠統(tǒng)而導(dǎo)致的意義不清楚，該詞也可表示輪廓形狀的不清楚和模糊。He has some vague ideas about what to do, but nothing specific.他大概知道他要做什么，但沒(méi)有具體的計(jì)劃。unclear a.指句意、字跡不清楚，使人難以看懂；不肯定的。Unclear writing is difficult to understand.模糊的字跡使人難以辨認(rèn)。It is unclear whether the economy will get better.經(jīng)濟(jì)是否好轉(zhuǎn)仍不明朗。dim a.光線(xiàn)暗淡的，看不清的；記憶力模糊的；不大可能的。Dont work in dim light.不要在昏暗的光線(xiàn)下工作。His changes of recovery from illness are dim.他康復(fù)的可能性十分渺茫amplify, enlarge, stretch, magnify, reinforce, expand amplify v.擴(kuò)大，增加，尤其指通過(guò)增強(qiáng)電壓或電流使聲音擴(kuò)大；補(bǔ)充敘述(故事、事件等)。We must ask you to amplify your statement.我們得請(qǐng)你對(duì)你的說(shuō)法作進(jìn)一步的說(shuō)明。enlarge v.擴(kuò)大，多指具體物