河南省翻譯競(jìng)賽試題(非英語專業(yè)類).doc

(考試時(shí)間為120分鐘)一、漢譯英（50%）空巢老人在中國，我們會(huì)經(jīng)?？吹綄?duì)“空巢老人”的報(bào)道，這些老人因?yàn)闆]有子女在身邊，過著孤獨(dú)的生活。其實(shí)，英國也存在這種現(xiàn)象。我就曾遇見過一位孤獨(dú)的英國老人。諾瓦克太太是位波蘭人，在英國已生活了六十多年，說她是英國本土人也不為過。我是在自己打工的那家超市認(rèn)識(shí)她的。那是一家在英國很有名的超市，每個(gè)星期五晚上超市都會(huì)有一些快過期的食物打折出售，而諾瓦克太太每周五晚都會(huì)出現(xiàn)在超市里。我打工的時(shí)間剛好是每周五晚上和周六白天，所以我們就這么認(rèn)識(shí)了。二、英譯漢（50%）The English WordsThe foreign student of English may be discouraged and dismayed when he learns that there are over 400,000 words in the English language, without counting slang. But let him take courage. More than half of these words are dead. They are not in current use. Even Shakespeare used a vocabulary of only some 20,000 words. The average Englishman today probably has a vocabulary range of from 12,000 to 13,000 words. It is good to make your vocabulary as complete as you can, but a great deal can be said and written with a vocabulary of no more than 10,000 words. The important thing is to have a good control and command over the words you do know. Better know two words exactly than three vaguely. A good carpenter is not distinguished by the number of his tools, but by the craftsmanship with which he uses them. So a good writer is not measured by the extent of his vocabulary. 參考答案:一、 漢譯英Empty NestersIn China, empty nesters, or lonely senior citizens without their adult children living at home, are often reported. In fact, it is also true in Britain where I once met a lonely elderly lady.Mrs. Novak, a Polish, was better called a British for she had been living in Britain for over 60 years. I got to know her in the supermarket where I worked. It was a very famous supermarket where discount foods close to expiration were sold on Friday nights when Mrs. Novak would always appear. I worked on Friday nights and Saturdays, and that was how we met.二、英譯漢英語單詞英語有四十多萬單詞這還不包括俚語。外國學(xué)生往往聞之氣餒，意冷心灰。不過不要怕這些單詞多半早已作古，無人再用。即使是莎士比亞，所用單詞也不過兩萬而已。當(dāng)代普通英國人的詞匯量可能在一萬二到一萬三左右。雖說詞不壓身，多多益善，但要滿足言談寫作之需，一萬詞足矣。關(guān)鍵不在量，而在于運(yùn)用自如。與其似是而非地了解三個(gè)詞，不如確切地掌握兩個(gè)詞。好木匠之所以出類拔萃，不在于工具多，而在于用得好。同理，作家是否優(yōu)秀，也不能用詞匯量來衡量。2004河南省翻譯競(jìng)賽試題 （非專業(yè)組）答案1.Translate the Following Passage into Chinese (50%)How did men first measure time? We can picture ourselves how our ancestors turned their eyes in wonder to the great sun; how they watched him rising higher and higher till he reached his noonday strength, then sinking lower and lower until he disappeared beneath the western horizon and left the world to darkness.The great sun has sunk to rest, and in his place have come the gentle moon and thousands of twinkling stars. But again the sun rises, shines, and sets. Again he is followed by moon and stars. Mans first lesson in time has now been learned: the light he calls day, the darkness night.Of all the heavenly bodies, the moon is the only one that seems to change its form and size. At one time it is a mere crescent, at another it is a full circle. Man counts the days from new moon to new moon, or from full moon to full moon, and calls the period a monthHe next observes changes in the length of the days and in the heat of the sun. He sees the flowers spring up, blossom, and decay, and the trees put on their gray garments of green, change them to sober brown, and finally lose them altogether. His ideas of seed-time, harvest, and winter are formed, and he begins to count the moons from seed-time to seed-time, or from winter to winter, and makes the grand discovery-“Twelve months make one year.” In such a way as this men got their first notions of year, and month, and day.2.Translate the Following Passage into English (50%)我的家世比較復(fù)雜。在官方記錄上，我的籍貫是云南大姚，其實(shí)那里是我爺爺?shù)某錾?，至今我也沒去過一次。我父親出生于浙江杭州，但生長于江蘇、上海等地，后來在哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)讀書。我母親來自江蘇丹陽的呂城鎮(zhèn)，高中畢業(yè)后考入北京礦業(yè)學(xué)院。父母大學(xué)畢業(yè)后選擇到條件較為艱苦的河南工作。雖然我出生在河南、成長在河南，但我對(duì)自己是哪里人的問題一度迷惑，小時(shí)候的鄰居和同學(xué)也總認(rèn)為我們家是“南方人”。高中畢業(yè)后，我離開河南，才逐漸意識(shí)到對(duì)生長了18年的故鄉(xiāng)的眷戀和感情。今天，無論什么人問我，我總是會(huì)很自豪地說：我是河南人。是的，我是生于河南、長于河南、地地道道的河南人。1.英譯漢人類最先（早）是如何測(cè)量時(shí)間的呢？我們可以想象，我們的祖先如何睜大不解的雙眼望著偉大的太陽，如何觀察它越升越高，直到正午，陽光最強(qiáng)，而后開始下沉，直到消失在西方的地平線之下，使整個(gè)世界陷入一片黑暗。碩大的太陽已經(jīng)下沉休息，溫柔的月亮和成千上萬閃爍的群星趕去接替了太陽。而后太陽又一次升起，發(fā)出光芒，然后下落。他再一次被月亮和群星接替著。人類由此學(xué)習(xí)了第一課：將有光明的時(shí)間成為白晝，將黑暗的時(shí)間稱為夜晚。在所有的天體中，月亮似乎是唯一能夠改變形狀和大小的星球。有時(shí)，它是一彎新月，有時(shí)是一個(gè)完整的圓圈（溜圓溜圓的）。人類計(jì)算日期，或是從這次新月到下次新月，或是從這次滿月到下次滿月，并稱這段時(shí)間為一個(gè)月。這是人類計(jì)算時(shí)間的第二個(gè)階段。隨后，人類注意到一天時(shí)間長短的變化和太陽熱度的變化。人類觀察到花草發(fā)芽，開花、枯萎，還觀察到樹木身著灰綠色的新裝，而后變成棕褐色，最后外衣全部落光。人類對(duì)播種時(shí)節(jié)、收獲時(shí)節(jié)，以及嚴(yán)寒的冬日有了初步的概念；然后，他們開始計(jì)算從一個(gè)播種時(shí)節(jié)到下一個(gè)播種時(shí)節(jié)，或從一個(gè)冬季到下一個(gè)冬季期間月亮升起的次數(shù)，接著有了一個(gè)偉大的發(fā)現(xiàn)-“十二個(gè)月是一年”。這樣，人類第一次建立了年、月、日的概念。2.漢譯英I have a complicated family background. According to the official record, my native place is in Dayao County of Yunnan Province, where, in fact, is the birth place of my grandfather, a place I have never been to. My father was born in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, but he was grown up in Jiangsu, Shanghai, and studied in Harbin Institute of Technology. My mother was from Lcheng Town, Danyang City, Jiangsu Province, and entered Beijing Institute of Mining Technology after her graduation from Senior High School. My parents, after graduating from university, went to work in Henan Province where the life was hard. Though I was born in Henan, grown up in Henan, the issue where I was from had once puzzled me because my family and I were always regarded as “People from the South” by my neighbors and schoolmates when I was a child. Only when I left Henan after being graduated from senior high school did I begin to realize the sentimental attachmen