中西文化對比-成語和諺語.ppt

Beforeastudentgetsthehangofhowtouseidiomsandproverbs he llmakealotofmistakes Somemistakeswillcausepeopletoholdtheirsideswithlaughter butthatshouldn tputhiminastew Heshouldlearntoputupwithsuchthings Youmightsayifyouwanttolearnaforeignlanguagewell that spartofthegame 在熟知這些成語的用法前 很多人一定會犯不少錯誤 有些錯誤會使人發(fā)笑 但不必著急 對這種事要有耐性 可以說 學好外語 就得這樣 lookout 東西 吃軟不吃硬 bullytheweakbutyieldtoonewhofightsback tobeopentopersuasion butnottocoercion 布衣素食 wearcottonclothesandeatvegetablefood coarseclothesandsimplefare getthehangof holdone ssideswithlaughter putsomeoneinastew putupwithsomething partofthegame 事情就是這樣 忍受 某事 使某人煩惱 為難 著急 捧腹大笑 熟悉 得知 Chapter2IdiomsandProverbs Whatareidiomsandproverbs Chinesemeaning 成語和諺語 InChinese 四字成語 InEnglish setphrases idiom agroupofwordsinafixedorderhavingaparticularmeaning whichisdifferentfromthemeaningsofeachwordunderstoodonitsownandmustbelearntasawholeunit proverb shortwell knownsayingthatstatesageneraltruthorgivesadvice Theyarewell knownsetphrasesorshortsentences expressingsupposedtruth wisdomormorallessons Theyarespecialinstructurewhichsometimesmakestheminexplicablelogicallyorgrammatically Theycanreflectvividlyanation sgeography history itspeople slifeexperience socialviews thinkingandconceptsaswellasliterature Similarity A Humanexperiencesandobservations andevenhistoryareinmanyaspectssimilar whichmakestheexpressionsandtheirmeaningssimilar Strikewhiletheironishot Manyhandsmakelightwork Hastemakeswaste Outofsight outofmind 眼不見 心不煩 欲速則不達 人多好辦事 趁熱打鐵 Lookbeforeyouleap 三思而后行 Morehaste lessspeed Birdsofafeatherflocktogether 物以類聚 人以群分 Thingsofakindcometogether peopleofamindfallintothesamegroup Likeattractslike Hemostliveswhothinksmost feelsthenoblestandactsthebest Putnotyourhandbetweenthebarkandthetree 思想深刻 情感高尚 品行端正者活的最好 別人家中事 最好別插手 不要多管閑事 Pridegoesbeforeafall 驕兵必敗 Lifeisnotabedofroses 生活并不總是充滿鮮花 Twoofatradeneveragree 同行多嫉妒 It snotthebeardthatmakesthephilosopher 有志不在年高 Preventionisbetterthancure Givehimaninchandhe lltakeamile Longhairandshortwit Allgoodthingsmustcometoanend 天下沒有不散的宴席 頭發(fā)長 見識短 得寸進尺 預防勝過治療 Fireprovesgold adversityprovesmen Liveandlearn 烈火顯真金 逆境識英雄 活到老 學到老 Bloodisthickerthanwater Wallhasears 血濃于水 隔墻有耳 Goldenwordsoffendtheears 忠言逆耳 Ifyouwouldnotbeknowntodoanything neverdoit 若要人不知 除非己莫為 Inunityhereisstrength 團結就是力量 Timeismoney 時間就是金錢 Hewhosebellyisfullbelievesnothimwhoisfasting 飽漢不知餓漢饑 Easiersaidthandone It s easiertosaythantodo 說時容易做時難 Idlenessistherootofallevil 懶惰是萬惡之源 Brevityisthesoulofwit 簡潔是智慧的精髓 Practicemakesperfect 熟能生巧 Hewhohasnottastedbitterknowsnotwhatsweetis 吃得苦中苦 方知甜上甜 Goodluckwouldnevercomeinpairs 福不雙至 B InEnglish someidiomsandproverbsareborrowedfromotherlanguagesanditisthesamewithChinese 1 EnglishborrowedfromChinese toloseone sface丟面子 papertiger紙老虎 tosaveone sface保面子 2 ChineseborrowedfromEnglish aneyeforaneye atoothforatooth以眼還眼 以牙還牙 armedtotheteeth武裝到牙齒 awolfinthesheep sclothing披著羊皮的狼 turnoveranewleaf揭開新的一頁 Theeyeisthewindowofthemind 眼睛是心靈的窗戶 C Similarsources Fromreligiousworks Olivebranch Bible Genesis scapegoat Bible Leviticus eyeforeye toothfortooth OldTestament Exodus 現(xiàn)身說法 放下屠刀 立地成佛 五體投地 Fromlegendandmythology Pandora sBox GreekMythology Achilles Heel 開天辟地 精衛(wèi)填海 Fromfable Awolfinsheep sclothing sourGrapes 狐假虎威 Fromhistoricaleventsandstories Meetone sWaterloo 項莊舞劍 意在沛公 鞠躬盡瘁 死而后已 水落石出 totalkhorse Dissimilarity A Similarinmeaningbutdifferentinmetaphor tobreakabutterflyonthewheel aratinhole 甕中之鱉 likeadrownedrat tolookforaneedleinthehay tofishintheair 像只落湯雞 吹牛 大海撈針 水底撈月 殺雞用牛刀 小題大做 tobeataroundthebush 旁敲側擊 轉彎抹角 tokick hitamanwhenheisdown Anidleyouth aneedy 貧困的 age onceinabluemoon tocryupwineandsellvinegar totreaduponeggs diamondcutdiamond Justicehaslongarms Theburntchilddreadsthefire 千載難逢 掛羊頭 賣狗肉 如履薄冰 棋逢對手 落井下石 天網(wǎng)恢恢 疏而不漏 一遭被蛇咬 十年怕井繩 少壯不努力 老大徒傷悲 Manyheadsarebetterthanone Theproofofthepudding 梨isintheeating 三個臭皮匠 頂個諸葛亮 空談不如實踐 Betterbetheheadofadogthanthetailofalion 寧做雞頭 不做鳳尾 Theearlybirdcatchestheworm 早起的鳥兒有蟲吃 Theforemostdogcatchesthehare 捷足先登 先下手為強 Clumsybirdshavetostartearly 笨鳥先飛 Everypotterpraiseshisownpot 老王賣瓜 自賣自夸 toblowone sownhorn trumpet自吹自擂 Thefoxpreysfarthestfromhome 兔子不吃窩邊草 Oneswallowdoesnotmakeasummer 一花獨放不是春 Onedropofpoisoninfectsthewholetonofwine 一顆老鼠屎壞了一鍋粥 Setafoxtokeepone sgeese 引狼入室 Whatdoyouexpectfromapigbutagrunt 狗嘴里吐不出象牙 Hethatcomesofahenmustscrape 老鼠的兒子會打洞 Whenthecat saway themicewillplay 山中無老虎 猴子稱大王 Giveadogabadnameandhanghim 欲加之罪 何患無詞 Loveme lovemydog 愛屋及烏 Everydoghashisday 瓦片也有翻身日 人人都有得意時 Theleopardcanneverchangeitsspot 本性難移 Alittlepotissoonhot 壺小易熱 量小易怒 Letbeggarsmatchwithbeggars 門當戶對 龍配龍 鳳配風 Don tputthecartbeforethehorse 勿本末倒置 Finefeathersdonotmakefinebirds 人不可貌相 Killtwobirdswithonestone 一石擊二鳥 一箭雙雕 EverydayisnotSunday 好境不長 Faithwillmovemountains 精誠所至 金石為開 Barkingdogsdonotbite 嘴狠手軟 刀子嘴豆腐心 Anewbroomsweepsclean 新官上任三把火 Onecannotmakeasilkpurseoutofasow sear 巧婦難為無米之炊 Whatweloseinhakeweshallhaveinherring 失之東隅 收之桑榆 Beautifulflowersaresoonpicked 紅顏多薄命 Asyoumakeyourbed soyoumustlieonit 自作自受 作繭自縛 Arollingstonegathersnomoss 滾石不生苔 轉業(yè)不聚財 Talkofthedevil andhe ssuretoappear Speakofangels andyouwillheartheirwings 說曹操 曹操到 B Similarinmeaningbutdifferentinexpression Sinkorswim 自作自受 Whospitsagainstheaven itfallsinhisface 知足者常樂 Enoughisasgoodasafeast 寧可信其有 不可信其無 Bettertobesurethansorry 失之毫厘 謬以千里 Amissisasgoodasamile 機不可失 Opportunityseldomknockstwice 博而不專 Jackofalltrades masterofnone 不吃苦中苦 難得人上人 Hethathadnocrossdeservesnocrown 不進則退 Romewasnotbuiltinaday 冰凍三尺非一日之寒 Wherethere ssmokethere sfire 無風不起浪 Topayhimbackinhisowncoin Anunfortunatemanwouldbedrownedinatea cup 人倒霉喝涼水都塞牙 Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel 一個巴掌拍不響 Failuresarethepillarsofsuccess 失敗是成功之母 Truthneedsnotmanywords 有理不在聲高 以其人之道 還治其人之身 C Someidiomsandproverbsarecommoninonelanguagebutcompletelyabsentintheother 1 InEnglish tomeetone sWaterloo GoDutch 各人自己付錢 Thelaststrawbentthecamel 超出忍耐的極限 忍無可忍 Anappleadaykeepsthedoctoraway 多吃蘋果少得病 keepone sfingerscrossed 希望好運 祈求吉利 bebornwithasilverspooninone smouth 生在富貴人家 pullthewooloversomeone seyes 蒙騙某人 putone sfootinone smouth 說錯話 做錯事 遭到慘敗 2 InChinese Neitheradjustyourshoeinamelonpatch noryourhatunderaplum tree topreventfrombeingconsideredathief well thought outplan idea 胸有成竹 盲人瞎馬 Ablindmanonablindhorse rushingheadlongtodisaster Eventhedogswaggerwhenitsmasterwinsfavor 一人得道 雞犬升天 Courtdoormayopen butnottothepoor 衙門自古朝南開 有理無錢莫進來 瓜田不納履 李下不整冠 InChinese thereisaspecialexpressioncalled thetwo partsaying Itisformedbyashortstatementandatagphrasetogiveafurtherexplanationorcommentthatbringsoutthewitorhumor Thetwo partsayingdoesnotexistinEnglish theEightImmortalscrossthesea eachdisplayinghisspecialprowess peopledoingthesamejob buteachinhisownspecialway anddoingitwell 茶壺里煮餃子 倒不出來 boilingdumplingsinateapot nowaytogetthemout haveideasbutcan texpressthemorally 八仙過海 各顯神通 狗拿耗子 多管閑事 Adogcatchingamouse pokingone snoseintootherpeople sbusiness 雞蛋里挑骨頭 故意找錯 Pickingbonesfromeggs findingfaultdeliberately 貓哭老鼠 假慈悲 Acatcryingoveramouse smisfortune fakemercy 門縫里瞅人 把人看扁了 Gazingatsomeonefrombehindaslightlyopeneddoor takinganarrowviewofaperson 泥菩薩過河 自身難保 AclayBuddhacrossingastream hardlyabletosavehimself 竹籃打水 一場空 千里送鵝毛 禮輕情意重 Travelathousandmilestobestowagoosefeather asmallgiftbutatokenofprofoundfriendship 鐵打的公雞 一毛不拔 Anironrooster notafeathercanbepulledout skinflint 兔子的尾巴 長不了 Ahare stail cannotbe lastlong 外甥打燈籠 照舊 舅 Thenephewholdsalanternforhisuncle thingsstayunchanged 啞巴吃黃連 有苦說不出 Adumbpersontastingbitterherb unabletoexpressbitterfeelings Drawingwaterwithabamboobasket drawwaterinasieve achievingnothing D Someexpressionsseemtobeequivalentinmeaningonthesurfaceandsomearedifficulttounderstandbecausetheirliteralmeaningsoundsstrangetoaforeigner tohavewordswithsb Ittakestwotomakeaquarrel Amissisasgoodasamile toquarrelortohaveanangrydiscussionwithsb 和某人說話 和某人吵架 爭吵 Ittakesmorethanonepersontoachieveanythingsignificant 一個巴掌拍不響 InChinese itisawarning inEnglish itmerelystateafact oraphilosophicattitude 失之毫厘 謬以千里 toeat swallowone swords 自食其言 收回前言 承認錯了見ppt27 gildingthelily Thepotcallsthekettleblack 直譯 給百合花貼金 spoilingsth whichisalreadyfineorgoodbyaddingsth inattempttomakeitbetter 直譯 鍋笑壺黑 五十步笑一百步 Onetriestoaccuseanotheroffaultssimilartothosecommittedbyhimself addingsth tomakeagoodthingevenbetter Twohavemistakesbutonehaslessthananother 錦上添花 畫蛇添足 烏鴉笑豬黑 e g Sheaccusedusofbeingextravagant talkaboutthepotcallingthekettleblack togetakickoutof from doing something toblowone sownhorn