高二英語必修5導學案.doc

Unit 1Great scientistsPeriod OneWarming Up & Reading【學習目標】話題詞匯閱讀Great scientistscharacteristic,scientific,conclude,conclusion,analyse,defeat,expert,attend,expose,cure,challenge,absorb,suspect,enquiry,neighbourhood,investigate,blame,pollute,handle,announce,instructput forward,draw a conclusion,expose.to,link.to.John Snow defeats “king cholera”【詞語復習】.單詞1.force：(1)迫使某人做某事 (2)靠武力；強迫地 (3)外來勢力 (4)一支主要力量 2.develop：(1)開發(fā)軟件 (2)沖洗膠卷 (3)養(yǎng)成好習慣 (4)發(fā)展中國家 (5)發(fā)達國家 3.lift：(1)舉起 (2)乘電梯 (3)搭便車 4.keep：(1)讓礦工安全 (2)讓門開著 (3)保持健康 (4)一直做某事 (5)堅持不懈地做某事 (6)記日記 (7)保持記錄 .短語1.set out：(1)出發(fā)去某地 (2)開始做某事 (3)使爆炸 (4)擱在一旁 (5)記下 2.look into：(1)朝房間內(nèi)看 (2)調(diào)查這個事件 (3)調(diào)查水源 (4)照顧，照看 (5)俯瞰(某處)；看不起 (6)尋找(某人或某物 (7)盼望；期待 (8)當心；警惕 【基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)】.單詞1. v結(jié)束；推斷出 n結(jié)論；結(jié)束2. adj.科學的 n科學 n科學家3. n專家；行家；adj.熟練的；經(jīng)驗或知識豐富的 n專門技能；專門知識4. vt.傳染；感染 adj.傳染的5. n醫(yī)生；內(nèi)科醫(yī)師 n物理 n物理學家 adj.身體的；肉體的6. vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光 adj.無遮蔽的；無保護的7. vt.吸收；吸引；使專心 adj.專心致志的 adj.引人入勝的 n吸收8. n挑戰(zhàn) adj.挑戰(zhàn)性的9. n詢問 vt.詢問10. adj.嚴重的；劇烈的；嚴厲的 adv.嚴重地；劇烈地11. vt.污染；弄臟 adj.被污染的 n污染12. vt.宣布；通知 n宣布；通知13. n確信；確實 adj.某一,必然的 adv.無疑地,確定地14. vt.命令；指示；教導 n命令；指示15. n柄；把手；vt.處理；操縱16. vt.責備；譴責；n.過失；責備.短語1. 提出2. 得出結(jié)論3. 使顯露；使暴露4. 將和聯(lián)系或連接起來【重點詞匯聚焦】1.Who put_forward a theory about black holes?對譯：是誰提出了關(guān)于黑洞的理論？ 歸納拓展put forwardcome up with提出put away存放；存蓄；把收起來put down記下；平息；把放下put off推遲；推脫,搪塞；使不高興put out熄滅；生產(chǎn)；公布；打擾；使不高興語境感悟(1)He put_forward/came_up_with a very good suggestion at the meeting.他在會上提出了一個很好的建議。(2)Can I put you/your name forward as the golf club secretary?我推薦你擔任高爾夫球俱樂部的秘書怎么樣？(3)Put_away the tools after work,will you?工作結(jié)束后請把工具收拾好,可以嗎？(4)Dont put_off till tomorrow what can be done today.今天可做的事不要拖到明天再做。(5)The firefighters spent 3 hours (in)_putting_out the big fire.消防員用了3個小時的時間撲滅了大火。2.Draw a conclusion 對譯：得出結(jié)論歸納拓展conclusion n結(jié)論,推論；結(jié)束conclusive adj.結(jié)論性的conclude to do sth.決定做某事conclude.from.從中推斷in conclusion最后,總之a(chǎn)rrive at/come to/draw/reach a conclusion得出結(jié)論,告一段落語境感悟(1)They drew_different_conclusions_from the facts.他們從這些事實中得出了不同的結(jié)論。(2)In_conclusion,I would like to thank all the people present at the meeting today.最后我想感謝今天參加會議的所有人。(3)The meeting concluded_with The International at ten oclock.會議于十點鐘在國際歌中結(jié)束。(4)What can you conclude_from these observations?你從這些觀察中能得出什么結(jié)論？3.JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”對譯：約翰斯諾戰(zhàn)勝“霍亂王” 歸納拓展(1)defeat和beat屬一組同義詞,它們的賓語必須是人或一個集體,如a team,a class,a school,an army,二者?？蓳Q。defeat尤指在戰(zhàn)場上打敗敵人。beat是游戲、比賽的專門用詞。(2)win和gain屬一組同義詞。gain表示獲得需要之物,它常跟的賓語有ones living,experience,strength,time,knowledge,attention,respect,admiration等。win表示在較強的競爭中取得勝利,它常跟的賓語有g(shù)ame,war,prize,fame,battle等。語境感悟(1)The army defeated the enemy in the end.軍隊最終戰(zhàn)勝了敵人。(2)In the end their army was defeated/beaten.最后他們的部隊被擊(打)敗。(3)We shall gain experience through practice.我們將通過實踐獲得經(jīng)驗。(4)They won the battle but lost many men.他們?nèi)〉昧诉@次戰(zhàn)斗的勝利,但犧牲了很多人。4.John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.對譯：約翰斯諾是倫敦一位著名的醫(yī)生他的確醫(yī)術(shù)精湛,因而成為照料維多利亞女王的私人醫(yī)生。歸納拓展attend vt.照顧；護理；出席；參加attend to sb./sth.照顧,照料；處理；注意,專心attend a meeting/a lecture/school參加會議/聽報告/上學attend on/upon sb.伺候某人,照顧某人attend church做禮拜attend/join/join in/take part in (1)attend是正式用語,一般指參加會議、典禮、婚禮、葬禮、及上學、聽課、聽報告、演講等。(2)join表示參加某一團體,并作為其中一個成員。如：入黨、入團和參軍等；如果后接人,則表示參加某人的活動。(3)join in后接活動,強調(diào)與他人一起參與某一活動。(4)take part in后接活動,尤指多人參加的群眾性大型活動。語境感悟(1)All her friends attended her wedding.她所有的朋友都出席了她的婚禮。(2)There was no one to attend him but Tina.除了蒂娜,再無人照顧他了。(3)All children between the ages of 616 must attend_school.所有616歲的孩子必須上學。(4)If you dont attend_to work,youll not succeed.如果你不專心工作,你就不會成功。5.But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed_to cholera.對譯：但他一想到要幫助那些得了霍亂的普通百姓時,他就感到很振奮。歸納拓展expose.to使顯露；暴露expose sth./sb./oneself (to sth.)使某事/某人/自己暴露/顯露be exposed to暴露于語境感悟(1)They consider it almost a crime to expose children to violence and sex on TV.他們認為讓兒童接觸暴力和色情電視節(jié)目幾乎是一種犯罪行為。(2)You shouldnt expose the soldiers to unnecessary risks.你不應該讓士兵們冒不必要的危險。(3)Dont expose the film to light.不要把膠片曝光。(4)Keep indoors and dont expose your skin to the sun.留在屋里,不要讓皮膚暴露在太陽下。6.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.對譯：人們既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治療方法。 歸納拓展cure n治愈；痊愈；治療方法；對策；vt.治愈；治療；糾正/去除(弊端等)a cure for. 的治愈方法cure sb.of sth.治愈某人的某種疾病；矯正/改正某人的不良行為注意“動詞sb.of sth.”的其他詞組：accuse sb.of sth.指控/指責某人某事inform sb.of sth.通知某人某事remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事rob sb.of sth.搶某人某物warn sb.of sth.警告某人某事cure/treat (1)cure“治愈”,側(cè)重“治愈”的結(jié)果,可構(gòu)成cure sb.of sth.結(jié)構(gòu)；常指治療疾病、痛苦或革除惡習、弊害等。(2)treat“治療”,強調(diào)“治療”的動作,可構(gòu)成treat sb.for sth.。語境感悟(1)There is no known cure but the illness can be treated.這種病尚沒有確切的治愈方法,但可以醫(yī)治。(2)She tried every means to cure her child of the bad habit.她想盡一切辦法試圖改掉她孩子的這個惡習。(3)When I left hospital I was completely cured.出院時我已經(jīng)痊愈了。7.John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. 對譯：約翰斯諾想面對這個挑戰(zhàn),解決這個問題。歸納拓展challenge n挑戰(zhàn)；vt.向挑戰(zhàn)meet/face the challenge of.迎接/面對的挑戰(zhàn)accept/take up a challenge接受挑戰(zhàn)challenge sb.to (do) sth.向挑戰(zhàn)challenging adj.挑戰(zhàn)的,具有挑戰(zhàn)性的語境感悟(1)Destruction of the environment is one of the most serious challenges we face.環(huán)境的破壞是我們所面臨的最嚴峻的挑戰(zhàn)之一。(2)She doesnt like anyone challenging her authority.她不喜歡任何人挑戰(zhàn)她的權(quán)威。(3)I challenge him to a game of chess.我要他跟我下盤棋。 (4)Why dont you try something different and more challenging?為什么不試試不同的、更具挑戰(zhàn)性的事情？8.John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence.對譯：約翰斯諾推測第二種說法是正確的,但他需要證據(jù)。歸納拓展suspect vt.認為；懷疑；n.被懷疑者；嫌疑犯suspect that.懷疑,認為suspect sb.of (doing)sth.懷疑某人(做)某事suspect sb.to be.認為某人語境感悟(1)The police took the suspect to the police station.警察把這個嫌疑犯帶到了警察局。(2)I began to suspect_(that)they were trying to get rid of me.我開始懷疑他們試圖擺脫我。(3)We suspected_him_to_be ill.我們猜想他病了。9.It seemed that the water was to blame.對譯：看來水是罪魁禍首。歸納拓展blame vt.責備；譴責；n.過失；責備blame sb.for sth.因某事責備某人；把某事歸咎于某人blame sth.on sb.把某事歸咎于某人be to blame (for sth.)對(某事)負有責任,應受責備take the blame for sth.對某事承擔責任語境感悟(1)She doesnt blame anyone for her fathers death.她沒把父親的死歸咎于任何人。(2)If you lose your job,youll only have_yourself_to_blame.如果你丟了工作,你只能責怪你自己。(3)He laid/put_the_blame_for his failure in the exam on his teacher.他把自己考試未通過歸咎于他的老師。 (4)Many children are afraid of being_blamed_for making mistakes in speaking English.許多孩子害怕講英語時犯錯誤而受責備。10.In another part of London,he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were_linked_to the Broad Street outbreak.對譯：在倫敦的另一個地區(qū),他從兩個與寬街暴發(fā)的霍亂有關(guān)聯(lián)的死亡病例中發(fā)現(xiàn)了有力的證據(jù)。歸納拓展link.to/with.把與聯(lián)系或連接起來be linked to/with與有聯(lián)系link up/with(與)連接；結(jié)合語境感悟(1)The new tunnel links Britain to France.新的隧道把英法兩國連接起來。(2)The island is_linked_to/with the mainland by a new bridge.一座新橋?qū)⒃搷u與大陸相連。(3)The new canal will link the two rivers.新運河將兩條河連在一起。 11.With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.對譯：有了這個特別的證據(jù),約翰斯諾就能夠肯定地宣布,這種被污染了的水攜帶著病菌。歸納拓展announce vt.宣布；通告announce sth.to sb.向某人宣告某事It is announced that.據(jù)宣布announcement n通知；公告；宣告make an announcement下通知；宣布 語境感悟(1)The news was announced to the public.這則消息已通告給公眾。(2)It_is_announced that therell be a celebration on National Day.據(jù)宣布國慶節(jié)要舉行慶祝會。 (3)Attention,please! I have an announcement to make.大家請注意,我有事要通知。12.The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more.對譯：自來水公司也接到指令,不能再讓人們接觸被污染的水了。歸納拓展instruct vt.命令；指示；教導instruct sb.to do sth.命令/指示某人做某事instruction n教授；指導；(pl.)用法說明(書),操作指南instructive adj.說明性的,指示性的,有教育意義的instructor n輔導員,講師語境感悟(1)The old worker instruct the young workers not only in words but by deeds.老職工對青年職工言傳身教。(2)He instructs a class in history.他教授一個班的歷史。(3)He was instructed to sail for New York.他奉命前往紐約。(4)He instructed me to deliver it to a customer.他吩咐我把東西送去給顧客。核心句式1.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.對譯：人們既不知道它的病源,也不了解它的治療方法。歸納拓展neither.nor.表示“既不也不”,用來連接兩個并列成分,如果連接兩個主語,謂語動詞采取就近一致原則。使用就近原則的還有：either.or.或者或者；not only.but also.不僅而且；.or.或者；not.but.不是而是語境感悟(1)Neither she nor I am good at English.她和我都不擅長英語。(2)The children are neither in the room nor in the garden.孩子們既不在屋里,也不在花園里。(3)He neither drinks,smokes,nor eats meat.他不喝酒、不抽煙,也不吃肉。2.So many thousands of terrified people died every_time there was an outbreak.對譯：因此,每次霍亂爆發(fā)時,就有大批驚恐的老百姓病死。歸納拓展every time是名詞短語,引導時間狀語從句,意為“每次時”。除此之外,each time,any time,the first time,last time,next time,immediately,the moment,directly,instantly和every time用法一樣,作連詞,引導時間狀語從句。某些表達時間的名詞詞組可直接充當連詞,即“名詞連詞化現(xiàn)象”。常見的有：(1)不定代詞time如：any time,each time.(2)序數(shù)詞time如：the first/last time.(3)the瞬時名詞如：the minute/moment/instant(4)the時間名詞如：the day/night/month/time.語境感悟(1)Every_time I was in trouble,he would come to help me.每當我處于困境時,他就會來幫助我。(2)Next_time you come,do remember to bring your son here.下次來的時候,一定記著把你兒子帶來。(3)The_moment he got out of the airport,the pop star was surrounded by his fans.這位著名的歌星一出飛機場,就被歌迷圍住了。(4)The_last_time he saw Jane,she was lying in bed.他最后一次見到簡時,她正躺在床上。(5)I recognized you the_instant I saw you.我一見到你就認出是你。(6)He called on his old friend the_day he arrived.他到達的當天便去拜訪了他的老朋友。3.(1)The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air.對譯：第一種看法是霍亂病毒在空氣中繁殖。(2)To prevent this from happening again,John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.對譯：為防止這種情況再度發(fā)生,約翰斯諾建議所有水源都要經(jīng)過檢測。 歸納拓展句(1)中的suggest意為“暗示,表明”,其后所接的賓語從句不使用虛擬語氣,要用陳述語氣。句(2)中的suggest意為“建議,提議”,其后的賓語從句使用虛擬語氣,即謂語動詞用“should動詞原形”,其中should可省略。語境感悟(1)The smile on her face suggests that she agrees with me.她臉上的笑容表明她同意我的意見。(2) All of them suggested that the work should_be started at once.他們建議立刻開始工作。.比較與辨異【針對性練習】1.用attend,join,join in,take part in的適當形式填空(1)My father a revolutionary organization in 1938.(2)Why didnt you the talk last night?(3)Well social activities during the summer vacation.(4)He will an important meeting tomorrow.2.用cure,treat的適當形式填空(1)90% of patients can be of the disease.(2)As soon as he was sent to the hospital,the doctors began to is disease.(3)Who was it that the old professor of his cancer?3.用announce的適當形式填空(1)The young man sent us a telegram his immediate return to London.(2)It was that new speed restrictions would be introduced.(3)The prime minister is making an important at the moment.5.用defeat,beat,win的適當形式填空(1)We their team by ten points.(2)Jack the race at last.(3)In that battle,our soldiers the enemy.(4)At the school sports meeting,my class Class 3 and the basketball match.用適當?shù)慕?、副詞填空1.Why is he feeling today?Because the suggestion he put has been turned down.2.Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can put almost every word her teacher says.3.He decided that he would drive all the way home instead of putting at a hotel for the night.語境填詞1.The (醫(yī)生) drew a (結(jié)論) that the (受害者) were hard to (治愈) who were (暴露在) to (致命的) 被污染的) environment.2.The (畫家) ( 提出) a (科學的) suggestion after careful (詢問) and (分析) 3.Its difficult to (預知) who is the (嫌疑犯) without (調(diào)查).單句填詞1.It is the most instructive lecture that I (attend) since I came to this school.2.Susan is always ready to help me I come to ask her for help.3.I clearly remember during that talk he that people,young or old,get regular exercise every day and make it into a habit.4.After a fortnights (治療),the doctor successfully (治愈) me of my headache.5.Reducing the gap between rich and poor is one of the main (挑戰(zhàn)) the government faced.6.What made you (suspect) her of having taken the money? Period OneWarming Up & Reading【課后作業(yè)】.根據(jù)課文選擇最佳答案( )1.Whats the purpose of the text?A.To show us how difficult it was to find a cure for cholera.B.To tell us how Snow found the cause of cholera and the cure for it.C.To show us how difficult it was to carry out experiments at that time.D.To tell us the way cholera spread and how serious it was.( )2.John Snow finally proved the theory he believed by _.A.gathering information with the help of a mapB.looking into the source of the water for Broad Street and Cambridge StreetC.separating those who suffered cholera from those who didnt D.both A and B( )3.What theory did John Snow believe in about how cholera killed people? A.People breathed in the air containing the virus of cholera.B.People drank the beer polluted by the dirty water.C.People absorbed the virus into their bodies with their meals.D.John Snow didnt believe anything.( )4.What was to blame for the cause of cholera according to the investigation of John Snow?A.Polluted water. B.Polluted air.C.Poor medical condition. D.Not drinking too much beer.( )5.Why was cholera called “King Cholera” in the text?A.Because cholera caused many deaths.B.Because it got its name from Queen Victoria.C.Because cholera was the most deadly disease of its day.D.Because it was defeated with the help of king.根據(jù)課文填入合適的詞語 John Snow was so famous a doctor in London that he 1. Queen Victoria to ease the birth of her babies. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people 2 to cholera.Cholera was the most 3. disease of its day,because neither its cause nor its 4 . was understood.So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an 5. . John Snow wanted to face the 6. and solve it.There were two theories explaining how cholera killed people.The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air without reason.The second suggested that people 7. this disease into their bodies with their meals. John Snow believed in the second theory but needed to prove he was correct.After observing and 8. carefully,he drew a 9. ：It seemed the water was to 10. .Then people were 11. not to expose themselves to 12. water anymore.Finally“King Cholera” was 13. .語境填詞1.From these observations we that the moon has little or no atmosphere.2.Do not babies to strong sunlight.3.Nowadays no one will the fact that the earth is round.4.In many countries,political (嫌疑犯) are kept under police observation.5.We were (擊敗,打敗) 01 in the football game,which made us very upset.6.After graduating from college,he became an excellent (內(nèi)科醫(yī)生)7.The writer was so (專心于) in her work that she didnt notice Jim enter the room.8.They have the confidence and ability to 處理) the important matter well.9.Happiness,instead of medicine,was the (治愈方法) for her illness.10.They were instructed not to expose people to water anymore.完成句子1.He (應對負責) the accident.So he was blamed for it.2. (每次) I meet him,I always think of the things happening between us.3. (深深沉浸在) her new novels,the young writer kept thinking and writing for a dozen hours in her study.4.This medicine (治愈了) his cough.5.Dont worry.Ill (處理) the matter.完形填空 Bill Gates was born on October 28,1955 in a family having rich business,political and community service _1_.His great grandfather was a mayor,his grandfather was vicepresident of national bank and his father was a lawyer. Bill _2_ believes in hard work.He believes that if you are intelligent and know how to _3_ your intelligence,you can achieve anything.From childhood Bill was ambitious,intelligent and _4_.These _5_ helped him to get top position in the_6_ he chose.In school,he had an excellent record in math and science._7_ he was getting very bored in school and his parents knew it,so they always tried to _8_ him with more information to keep him busy.Bills parents came to know their sons intelligence and decided to help him go to a private school.It was a very important _9_ in Bill Gates life where he was first _10_ to a computer.Bill Gates and his f