英語專業(yè) 全英文版 關(guān)于翻譯方面的論文.doc

Thesis: the process of translation in various strategies and skillsto the article tells how to pick the faithful to the original language smooth into the target language, summarizes some basic skills in english-chinese translation of application. key words english-chinese translation; Translation skills; application Translation is the bridge of communication two languages, to the source language expression come out information, a target to express, and two languages need to deal with. Because the two kinds of language expression and usage habits are different, in the process of translating best can make use of various translation skills to target for some changes and change to comply with the expression of the target language habits. Below summarizes the nine kinds of common translation skills. A, the choice of word meaning, extension and praise or blame for translators, dictionary can only provide the most basic definitions, the translation of extended, choice and pay attention to the praise or blame. As long as the basic meaning with the word, you can, in order to adapt to the ever-changing the need, the text unobstructed, rich and colorful, vivid and lively. 1. Select Chinese and English word meaning of all have abundant vocabulary, but two languages corresponding term can absolutely, polysemy is two kinds of language in terms of the common features. Therefore, when translation must make clear the original sentence structure, after carefully choose determine meaning. For example: (1) The soul experiences completing a down cycle. 商業(yè)周期經(jīng)歷l突然的蕭條。(2) He felt down. 他因失敗而覺得沮喪。 2. Meaning implied method in translation, often met this case that some word in the dictionary can not find the appropriate on word meaning, if press the literal meaning to translation, it is difficult to exact expression original text content, and even cause the misunderstanding of the readers. When it is necessary to the original according to the context of the meaning of the word or phrase meaning extended, select the most appropriate Chinese vocabulary to express. For example: (1) Application of laser in medicine is still in its infancy.激光在醫(yī)學(xué)中的應(yīng)用仍處于發(fā)展的初期。(2) There are two sorts of lawyers- - - the ones who know the law, and the ones who know the judge. 有兩種律師，一種精通法律，一種熟識(shí)法官3. The meaning of words to praise or blame loyalty to the original ideological content, the translation of the authors must be correctly understood the basic position and views, choose the proper language means to be expressed. Some of the words in the original itself says praise or blame meaning, you should put praise or blame meaning correspondingly, express For isolated see seems to be neutral words according to the context, when translation will be properly put their BaoYi or derogatory expression comes out. (1) She tried going through the first pages, but Irwin Shaw, for all his lucidity, could not hold her interest. 她翻了翻前面幾頁。雖然歐文肖文筆明白曉暢，可她還是看不進(jìn)去。(2) The people will stop your profiteering schemes, and the people will win. 人民將阻止你們牟取暴利的詭計(jì)。 Second, abstract and concrete translation 1. Concrete translation methods of translation, the so-called specific is in the course of translation in the original abstract or is more abstract words, phrases and idioms with concrete or sentence is more specific words, phrases, idioms or sentence to translation, thus eliminating or minimizing language differences to the losing of translation to make the translation and the original, produce the same effect. For example: (1) Parents can do a tremendous amount to help their kids learn to read, but pushing them before theyre ready can backfire. 父母可以做大量工作幫助孩子學(xué)會(huì)看書，但若超過孩子的智力與愿望，強(qiáng)迫學(xué)習(xí)，反而事與愿違。(2) He lived just outside town and came to the harbor often, looking for a bargain among the small craft.他住在近郊，常來碼頭，想揀便宜買條小船。2. To the faithful translation of the abstract and smooth, we often have to with specific meanings in the original or specific image of the words, phrases and idioms or sentence, culture-sensitive processing. This translation methods is called the abstract pressure. For example: (1) I have no head for music.我沒有音樂方面的天賦。(2)那位小伙子真是喝了大膽湯。That young man has great courage, indeed.Three, turn a translation of Chinese parts of speech can act as element of sentence more as a different composition, without change parts of speech, English a word can act as element of sentence less, often as a different composition to change the parts of speech. Therefore, the source language into the target language in some parts of speech when translated into the parts of speech does not necessarily will sometimes, according to the needs of the target language should be translated into another kind of parts of speech. At this moment, need some of the original parts of speech, to make the conversion to smooth, natural. For example: (1) Each time out was a continuation, not a repetition. 每出游一次，都是上次的繼續(xù)而不是重復(fù)。（副詞轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)詞）(2) He is physically weak, but mentally sound.（副詞轉(zhuǎn)譯成名詞）他身體雖弱，但思想健康。 四、Adverbs translated into a noun1. The word, the so-called lexical is according to the version of the profound meaning, in the process of translation, certain words, so as to increase the original meaning of the right to express them Because the English and Chinese language in the expression of two different ways, so when translation will be according to the meaning, the rhetoric, syntax, and other aspects of the need to be more loyal to the word, to the original, smooth the content and form of accurately reappear. English is not, auxiliary words, when Chinese measure words should be based on the context of the need to increase and auxiliary measure words; Chinese nouns dont have the concept of plural verb tenses, no change if necessary, translation should be more complex and watch the tense watch word, and so on. For example:(1) In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibition, he would work on the drafting of the final communique. 晚上在參加宴會(huì)、出席音樂會(huì)、觀看兵乓球表演之后，他還得起草最后公報(bào)。(2) Ambition is the mother of destruction as well as of evil.野心不僅是罪惡的根源，同時(shí)也是毀滅的根源。 2. The government is omitted in the original law refers to some of the words in the process of translation, not to come out, because the omission was in the process of translation, part is self-evident, that is to say, the government is in the translation of those who dont have to save the word translations, or and the language. Habit is not consistent with words, but is not omit, bypassing the version of the content. From a grammar point, can be saved in the original omitted pronouns, conjunction, prepositions, etc. For example: (1) He was born in 1960, on a small farm in northern Missouri. 他 1960年生于北密蘇里的一個(gè)小農(nóng)場。(省略介詞)(2) University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not. 報(bào)考大學(xué)，有工作經(jīng)驗(yàn)者優(yōu)先錄取。 3. Repetition to avoid repetition, and English is not afraid of Chinese repetition. English in order to avoid repeated often use a verb by several object or complement; Or a verb, behind the same verbs omitted or a lot they can use to avoid duplication nouns, pronouns Chinese meet the above situation can be used when a word gimmick. Repeat In fact, repeat pronouns represents the noun is to reduce the use of the pronoun a method of use. (1)People forget your face first, then your name. 人們首先忘記你的面孔，然后忘記你的名字。(2) Reading exercises ones eyes; speaking, ones tongue; while writing, ones mind. 閱讀訓(xùn)練人的眼睛，說話訓(xùn)練人的口才，寫作訓(xùn)練人的思維。 Five, the positive and negative translation is the main translation and translation methods and skills of one. Because two language habits chinese-english different, and all can be positive or negative from to express the same concept, translation with positive expressions if the difficulties, owe it might as well with the reverse smooth express or will the face expression to switch to positive expressions. The translation of this method can properly by using natural and fluent, conform to make the Chinese standard, the more appropriate to express the meaning of the original. For example: (1) It takes two to make a quarrel. 一個(gè)巴掌拍不響。(2) To a wise man one word is enough. 智者無需多言。 Six, points with the translation translation others.0 sentence structure, so there are differences in translation often will need to the original sentence structure of major change, in order to adapt to the original language expression of the habit. That is to say, in the course of translation, the simple sentence can be translated into complex sentences, or will the compound sentence translated into simple sentences, this is called points and others.0 translation. 1. Points is the translation points in the sentence translation some ingredients isolated another for processing, translated into independent of the original sentence, the simple sentence translated into the target language of two or more sentences. The points of the method can make the translation clear, distinct, accord with the language standard. For example: (1) In the doorway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all size and colors.門口放著一堆雨傘，至少有十二把，五顏六色，大小不一 (分譯了定語部分) 2. The law is the law with others.0 others.0 opposite a translation points translation methods. The so-called law of the original text to others.0 two or more sentences, or complex sentence into the target language of a simple sentences。（1）If you confer a benefit, never remember it; if you receive one, remember it always. 施恩勿記，受恩勿忘。(2) He was very clean. His mind was open.他為人單純而坦率。 Seven, the adjustment of the word in a sentence word and the order of the clauses, both English and Chinese language are often not the same. Such as said time and place, and Chinese often is first big small, and after the first English is small, big. The translation should be according to the target language expression way make any necessary adjustments. For example: (1)More than uncouth, I am afraid, they will be to the hostages. 我擔(dān)心，他們會(huì)對(duì)人質(zhì)做出比粗暴無禮更過分的事情。(2) Cheerful, efficient and warm- hearted, they will do everything to make your journey smooth and comfortable. 他們樂觀、能干、熱情，總是想法設(shè)法使你一路上順利舒適。Eight, annotation method because language habits, geographical environment, local conditions and customs, life style, history and traditional the great differences in the original, there are many things that, even if the accurate translation out, readers are not able to understand, it must be comments. For example:“Are you an agha, too?”“My friend, those guys were not treatingus like men, that is, aghas”“Im an agha.”“你也是一個(gè)阿加嗎？”“朋友，這幫家伙沒有拿我們當(dāng)人看。我是說，他們沒有拿我們當(dāng)阿加看待?！薄拔沂莻€(gè)阿加。”（注）阿加（agha）原為土耳其人對(duì)上層軍政領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的尊稱。以后也用以尊稱下層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，以及村長、家長、地主等?，F(xiàn)在只在下層還保留著,作為對(duì)成年男子的尊稱。Nine, back to the translation in order to learning and absorbing foreign culture, the translator must take different means, in the target language in the original language cultural image, retain the original language culture absorb ingredients. The specific composition of culture usually ha