外研版高中英語必修五課文預(yù)讀學(xué)案：Module 3 Period Three.doc

period threegrammar & writing單元語法復(fù)習(xí)動(dòng)詞()非謂語動(dòng)詞課文原句感知1.i dont want to board a sinking ship.2.but although i was frightened，i also felt very curious.3.it was quite dark，but i could see a man lying on the floor，tied up with rope.4.there were two men standing over him.5.when he heard that，the frightened man on the floor started crying.6.i have to find a way to save him!7.jim looked terrified.8.i didnt want all three men to die.非謂語動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式。在句中可起名詞、形容詞、副詞的作用，在句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、補(bǔ)語、定語或狀語，即動(dòng)詞的非謂語形式除了不能作謂語外，可以承擔(dān)句子的任何成分。1.非謂語動(dòng)詞有三種形式：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞(包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞)。2.非謂語動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：三種非謂語動(dòng)詞都具有動(dòng)詞的特征，雖然它們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，但是它們有時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，也能帶自己的狀語或有時(shí)跟賓語。非謂語動(dòng)詞由于不能用作謂語，因而沒有語法上的主語，但往往有邏輯上的主語。一、現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作定語或表語1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語，表示主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，與它所修飾的名詞存在著邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；過去分詞作定語表示被動(dòng)和完成的動(dòng)作，與它所修飾的名詞存在著邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。注意不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞沒有被動(dòng)意義，只表示動(dòng)作的完成。working people勞動(dòng)人民the rising sun正在升起的太陽do you know the girl dancing with your brother?你認(rèn)識(shí)正和你哥哥跳舞的那個(gè)女孩子嗎？he is a teacher respected by all his students.他是一位受他所有的學(xué)生尊敬的老師。2.現(xiàn)在分詞作表語相當(dāng)于形容詞，說明主語的性質(zhì)或特征；過去分詞作表語相當(dāng)于形容詞，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)，而無被動(dòng)意味。the news is really exciting.這消息確實(shí)激動(dòng)人心。the children were excited about opening their presents.孩子們對(duì)打開禮物感到興奮不已。they looked disappointed.他們看起來好失望。the glass is broken.玻璃杯破了。二、動(dòng)名詞和不定式作賓語或主語1.在want，decide，promise，refuse，agree，wish，hope，expect等及物動(dòng)詞后面的賓語只能是動(dòng)詞不定式，不能是動(dòng)名詞。our teacher decided to stay with us.老師決定留下來與我們?cè)谝黄?。my english teacher promised to lend some books to me.我的英語老師答應(yīng)借給我一些書。2.在一些動(dòng)詞短語和句式后只跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語：(1)這樣的動(dòng)詞有finish，enjoy，mind，suggest，practise，admit，advise，allow，appreciate，avoid，consider，delay，deny，discuss，dislike，escape，excuse，fancy，forbid，forgive，imagine，keep，mention，miss，pardon，permit，prevent，report，risk，stop，understand等。i advise waiting a few more days.我建議再等幾天。i admit breaking the window.我承認(rèn)我打破了窗戶。(2)這樣的短語動(dòng)詞常見的有：insist on，be worth，give up，object to，put off，keep on，leave off，look forward to，think of，cant help，be/get used to，spend.in，cant stand，feel like，go on等。do you feel like taking a walk?你想不想去散步？we succeeded in getting over all the difficulties.我們終于克服了所有的困難。(3)這樣的句式有：have problems (in)動(dòng)名詞have fun (in)動(dòng)名詞have difficulty (in)動(dòng)名詞have trouble/a hard time (in)動(dòng)名詞be busy (in)動(dòng)名詞waste time (in)動(dòng)名詞lose time (in)動(dòng)名詞以上動(dòng)名詞作介詞賓語，in常可省去。youre wasting your time trying to explain it to him.你跟他解釋是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。3.動(dòng)名詞在deserve，need，require，want后作賓語時(shí)，表示被動(dòng)的意思，相當(dāng)于不定式的被動(dòng)形式。the following language points deserve mentioning/to be mentioned.下面的語言點(diǎn)值得提及。the old temple needs repairing/to be repaired.這座舊廟需要修理。4.在部分動(dòng)詞后用動(dòng)名詞作賓語或不定式作賓語，意義完全不同。hearing the doorbell，she stopped washing the dishes.聽見門鈴聲，她停止了洗碗。hearing the doorbell，she stopped to open the door.聽見門鈴聲，她停下手中的活去開門。if the car wont start，try pushing it.如果這輛車發(fā)動(dòng)不起來，就試著推一推它。you must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。5.當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)，我們常用先行詞it作形式主語，而把真正的主語(動(dòng)名詞)放到句尾。特別要注意如下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)it is useless (no use，no good，fun，no harm，a good pleasure) doing.(2)it is a waste of time doing.(3)it is worthwhile doing.it is no good writing to him；he never answers letters.寫信給他不妥，他從來不回信。it is a waste of time discussing such matters with him.與他討論這種事情是在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。6.當(dāng)不定式作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。若不定式結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜，往往用it作形式主語，真正的主語放在句子的后面。to do that sort of thing is foolish.做那種事真是愚蠢。its necessary to lock the car when you do not use it.不用車的時(shí)候，鎖車是有必要的。三、分詞和不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask，beg，expect，get，order，tell，want，wish，encourage等。i get him to fetch some chalks.我讓他去取些粉筆。she told me to put on my sweater.她叫我穿上毛衣。2.不帶to的不定式作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：have，let，make，notice，see，watch，hear，feel等。但要注意變成被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，要加to。i noticed a stranger come into our office.a stranger was noticed to come into our office (by me).我注意到一個(gè)陌生人進(jìn)了我們的辦公室。3.接現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：notice，see，watch，hear，feel，find，keep，leave等。i heard her singing an english song when i passed by her room yesterday.昨天經(jīng)過她房間時(shí)，我聽見她在唱英文歌。i heard the song sung in english.我聽到有人用英語唱過這首歌。.單句語法填空1.they are required to process(process) the food that we eat，to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions.(2017全國) 2.fast food is full of fat and salt；by eating(eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.(2017全國) 3.this included digging up the road，laying(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.(2017全國) 4.but unlike her school friends,16-year-old sarah is not spending half-term resting(rest).(2017全國)5.to return to the problem of water pollution，id like you to look at a study conducted(conduct) in australia in 2012.(2016浙江)6.in art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message hidden(hide) within the work.(2016江蘇)7.for 25 days，she never left her baby，not even to find something to eat(eat)！(2016四川)8.abercrombie & kent，a travel company in hong kong，says it regularly arranges quick getaways here for people living(live) in shanghai and hong kong.(2015全國)9.listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it being performed(perform) live is quite another.(2015浙江)10.little tom sat amazed(amaze) watching the monkey dancing in front of him.(2015四川).單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1.in their spare time，they are in planting vegetables in their garden.(2017全國，短文改錯(cuò))2.when summer comes，they will invite their students pick the vegetables！(2017全國，短文改錯(cuò))3.mom was grateful and .(2016四川，短文改錯(cuò))4.he would ask who we were and pretend not to us.(2016浙江，短文改錯(cuò))5.it was both and frightening to be up there！(2016浙江，短文改錯(cuò))6.weve been spending a lot of time in karaoke bars.(2015四川，短文改錯(cuò))7.i enjoyed close to the windows and looking at the view.(2015浙江，短文改錯(cuò))8.the position of the classroom with its view made me like i was dreaming.(2015浙江，短文改錯(cuò))9.my favorite picture at the party is of my coach and me the biscuits with happy laughter！(2015陜西，短文改錯(cuò)).單句語法填空1.i am awfully tired(tire) but i know ill never fall asleep.2.they are admiring the new bridge designed(design) by a young engineer.3.he tried to pretend to share(share) the pleasure with his friends.4.while waiting for the opportunity to get promoted(promote)，henry did his best to perform his duty.5.i remembered being taken(take) to thailand by my parents when i was a child.完成句子6.我別無選擇只好放棄這次出國的機(jī)會(huì)。i have no choice but to give up this chance to go abroad.7.她總是每天第一個(gè)到校。she is always the first to come to school every day.8.想加入這個(gè)俱樂部的人在這里簽名。those wishing to join this club should sign here.9.由一名中學(xué)生寫的這個(gè)故事在學(xué)校中很流行。the story written by a middle school student is popular in schools.10.我遺憾地告訴你我不能來了。i regret to tell you that i cannot come.11.跟他爭(zhēng)吵是浪費(fèi)時(shí)間。its a waste of time quarrelling/arguing with him.12.那個(gè)公司，雖然相對(duì)小，但是很好打交道。that company，though relatively small，is pleasant to deal with.13.咱們休息一下，然后再繼續(xù)走路吧。lets have a rest and then we go on walking.14.他下個(gè)月要出版的第一本書是以真實(shí)的故事為基礎(chǔ)的。his first book to be published next month is based on a true story.15.去年建造的發(fā)電站運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)順利。the power station built last year operates smoothly.語法填空(2018山東濰坊高二期中)“why are you unwilling to accept this opportunity in space? have you read the 16.description(describe) carefully？” wang ping asked me.“you will live in a 17.furnished (furnish) house with all modern equipment and robots will be able to clarify any problems.you are only needed to help us become familiar with the administration and rules for such a project.it will be an 18.enjoyable(enjoy) experience for you.”many people need to be reminded of the job opportunities in space stations，which 19.constantly(constant) need space cooks，cleaners，teachers，stewards and stewardesses.you can be swiftly trained for your new job from 20.using(use) previous skills.at first people may find new surroundings difficult 21.to tolerate(tolerate).however，they will be able to overcome the difficulties if their families encourage them to take up the job.there are lots of advantages 22.that/which come from a period of time in space.but for health reasons only one stay of three years 23.is allowed(allow) because 24.the link between illness and length of stay may be strong.it is a little disappointing,25.but the rules cannot be changed for anyone.單元寫作writing a summary of a film本單元的寫作任務(wù)是寫一篇影評(píng)。這種文體主要以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)介紹劇情內(nèi)容以及發(fā)表自己的看法。如果表達(dá)什么時(shí)候觀看的或者該電影曾經(jīng)獲得什么獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)可以用一般過去式來轉(zhuǎn)述。通常用第一和第三人稱。一般采用“三段式”寫作手法。開頭：簡(jiǎn)介背景。對(duì)影片的名稱、特點(diǎn)以及導(dǎo)演和主要演員進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單介紹。主體：情節(jié)介紹。包括令人關(guān)注的主要角色和故事梗概。電影簡(jiǎn)介不宜過長，造成文章冗長而頭重腳輕，只需把握亮點(diǎn)，達(dá)到畫龍點(diǎn)睛的效果。結(jié)尾：觀影感受并發(fā)表評(píng)論。可以選擇性地從不同角度對(duì)電影的主題、情節(jié)、人物形象的塑造、語言風(fēng)格、演員的演技、畫面特點(diǎn)、環(huán)境、顏色的搭配及拍攝方法的使用等方面有針對(duì)性地發(fā)表個(gè)人看法，但不要面面俱到。最后對(duì)電影作總體評(píng)價(jià)。1.recently i saw a movie，the name of which is.2.the movie is a comedy directed by.and starred by.3.i like the film “.” very much！.is brave and funny.4.i will be a person like.he is warm-hearted.most importantly，he is a real hero！he is my idol!5.the movie also sends such a message to us.6.the movie is intended to tell people that.by this character.7.my favorite part of the film is that.8.the film is more than just an action film and is a work of art.9.i think the subject is more instructivewe need peace and we dont want war.10.i think it is well worth watching/it is a masterpiece.2017年末上映的電影芳華(youth)獲得了巨大成功。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇影評(píng)。1.改編自女作家嚴(yán)歌苓的小說；由著名導(dǎo)演馮小剛執(zhí)導(dǎo)，由男演員黃軒和幾名女演員主演。2.是關(guān)于在文工團(tuán)工作的一群年輕人的故事，主題是善良和愛。3.票房很高；很受歡迎；很多人在觀看時(shí)感動(dòng)落淚。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：文工團(tuán)art troupe；票房the box office寫作要求是根據(jù)提示介紹電影芳華。寫作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：1.確定文體：這是一篇議論文，話題為影評(píng)。2.主體時(shí)態(tài)：應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí)為主。3.主體人稱：以第三人稱為主。聯(lián)想詞匯1.由執(zhí)導(dǎo)be directed by.2.受歡迎be popular with.3.在方面做得好do well in/at.4.還有as well as5.主演star in 6.陪伴某人去accompany sb. to.7.感動(dòng)得落淚be moved to tears句式升級(jí)1.電影芳華，由著名導(dǎo)演馮小剛執(zhí)導(dǎo)，在2017年末大受歡迎。(1)the film youth，which was directed by the famous director named feng xiaogang，was very popular at the end of 2017.(運(yùn)用定語從句)(2)the film youth，directed by the famous director named feng xiaogang，was very popular at the end of 2017.(運(yùn)用過去分詞作定語)2.改編自女作家嚴(yán)歌苓的小說，享有很高的票房。(1)this film was adapted from a novel written by the woman author yan geling and it did very well at the box office.(運(yùn)用并列句)(2)adapted from a novel written by the woman author yan geling，this film did very well at the box office.(運(yùn)用過去分詞作狀語)3.該電影是關(guān)于一群在文工團(tuán)工作的年輕人的故事，其主題是善良和愛。(1)this film is about a group of young people who are working at the art troupe and its theme is kindness and love.(運(yùn)用并列句)(2)this film is about a group of young people who are working at the art troupe，the theme of which is kindness and love.(運(yùn)用定語從句)the film youth，directed by the famous director named feng xiaogang，was very popular at the end of 2017.adapted from a novel written by the woman author yan geling，this film did very well at the box office.it was the young actor huang xuan as well as some young actresses who starred in this film.this film is about a group of young people who are working at the art troupe，the theme of which is kindness and love.the film was so popular that some young people accompanied their parents to go to the cinema.when they were watching it in the cinema，many of them were moved to tears.閱讀理解a(2018福建三明一中高二月考)hands-on experience is still attractive to many buyers，although online ordering is popular in the uk today.oxford streetlondon is shoppers paradise，and most visitors head for oxford street.halfway along is sel-fridges，one of the worlds first department stores where the architecture and window dressing impress even before you go in.there are at least four other major stores on this street，plus europes largest music shop.in december the atmosphere is especially festive because of the christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.kensington high streeta fashionable area for shopping is kensington high street.one of its department stores even has a roof gardengood for relaxing between purchases.theres also an organic food superstore.borough marketyou cant visit london and not go to a supermarket.one of the oldest and best for food is probably borough market on the south bank of the thames.get off the underground at london bridge and wander among fresh fish stalls，bakeries，and fruit and vegetable sellers.you can also buy specialist food to take away，like cheeses，pork pies，mustard and chutney.more places for bargainsportobello road on a saturday is your best choice for jewelry or collectors items.its a short walk from the subway station at notting hill gate and you never know what you will find.for clothes，camden market is the place.it gets a little crowded at the weekends，though.convent garden offers great experience for the simple pleasure of looking at jewelry and gifts.1.for what does oxford street become special in december?a.many bargains to choose from.b.the wonderful window dressing.c.the europes largest music shop.d.the lights lit by a famous person.答案d解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的oxford street可定位至第二段，根據(jù)該段最后一句“in december the atmosphere is especially festive because of the christmas lights which are always lighted by a politician，a great sportsman，or a super star.”可知答案。2.where can you go to enjoy food?a.camden market.b.portobello road.c.borough market.d.kensington high street.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀文章中對(duì)這幾個(gè)地方的介紹，根據(jù)文中borough market下的“one of the oldest and best for food is probably borough market on the south bank of the thames.”可知答案。3.where is this passage probably taken from?a.a science book.b.a news report.c.a shopping guide.d.a travelers journal.答案c解析文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段以及下文的介紹可知，本文介紹了在倫敦可以購物的幾個(gè)地方，應(yīng)該是一篇摘自購物指南類的文章。故選c。 bbruce norris has been awarded the pulitzer prize for drama for his west end hit clybourne park.the news was announced in 18 april,2011 in new york.according to the prize working group，the yearly pulitzer prize for drama is presented “for a great play by an american author，rather original in its source，and dealing with american life”.following a successful run(連續(xù)的演出) at playwrights horizons，new york，clybourne park put on its first performance at the royal court，london，in august 2010.set in a suburb in chicago，clybourne park examines the changing racial and social situation of a small town.written in two parts，it is about over two generations.in 1959，a white family moves out.in 2009，a white family moves in.the years see far-reaching changes in values，attitudes，and citizens.the pulitzer prize working group told us clybourne park being “a powerful work whose memorable characters speak in clever and sharp ways to americas sometimes hard struggle with race and class consciousness”.bruce norris,50，has written several successful plays.he is often compared to edward albee.norris，who grew up in texas and studied at northwestern university in chicago，began his career as an actor.as well as several theater performances，he has starred in the film the sixth sense.on receiving news of his award，norris said，“im deeply honored and totally astonished to receive this recognition.i want to thank both playwrights horizons and woolly mammoth theater company in washington，d.c.，for taking a chance on this play，and to thank them for their 10 years of support.”while clybourne park had a good run on broadway，it has received amazing praise in the uk.during this run in the uk，clybourne park has got four other awards too.4.the prize working group decided to reward bruce most probably because of his .a.nationality as an american and his extraordinary life experienceb.works contents and his wisdom to describe american lifec.decision to film clybourne park by himself as a directord.courage to describe the dark sides of society in english答案b解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中的“for a great play by an american author，rather original in its source，and dealing with american life”可知選b。5.what can we learn about clybourne park from the passage?a.it presents the changes in many sides of two generations.b.it reflects the development of society because of technology.c.it was first put on in american because of bruces nationality.d.the story was set in london to attract more european audience.答案a解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“.examines the changing racial and social situation of a small town.written in two parts，it is about over two generations.”可知選a。6.how did bruce make a living after his graduation from university at first?a.he began to write tv plays for some stations.b.he settled in chicago and worked in a theater.c.he worked as an actor offering theater performances.d.he became famous soon with the film the sixth sense.答案c解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后兩句“.began his career as an actor.as well as several theater performances.”可知c項(xiàng)正確。7.how did bruce find his being awarded the pulitzer prize for drama?a.he felt proud and thought it was natural for him to win the prize.b.he thought it was no surprise at all as a best-known american.c.he found it was a pity that the prize was rewarded in america.d.he felt it was beyond expectation but proud enough.答案d解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“im deeply honored and totally astonished to receive this recognition.”可知d項(xiàng)正確。.語法填空(2018黑龍江大慶十中等高二聯(lián)考)last friday a storm swept through two villages in the new territories,8.destroying(destroy) fourteen homes.seven others were so badly damaged 9.that their owners had to leave them，and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs.one person was killed，several were 10.seriously (serious) hurt and taken to hospital，and a number of other people received smaller hurt.altogether over two hundred people were 11.homeless(home) after the storm.a farmer，mr tan，said that the storm began early in the morning and 12.lasted(last) for over an hour.“i 13.was eating(eat) with my wife and children，” he said，“when we heard a loud noise.a few minutes later our house fell down on top of us.we tried our best 14.to climb(climb) out but then i saw that one of my children was 15.missing(miss).i went back inside and found him，safe 16.but very frightened.” mrs wu said that her husband had just left