【考點(diǎn)突破】人教版高中英語必修三學(xué)案：Unit2 Healthy eating語法篇（教師版）.doc

unit2 healthy eating語法篇_要求學(xué)生掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)語法-情態(tài)動詞表示推測的用法。一、情態(tài)動詞表推測：1. 大多數(shù)情態(tài)動詞（除表能力、許可、意志外），都可以表示推測，其程度有差異。按可能性程度的高低排列為：must will would ought to should 完全肯定 完全可能 很可能 can could may might 可能 有可能2. 區(qū)分情態(tài)動詞的否定含義：may not或許不、可能不 might not可能不 cant 不可能mustnt不許、禁止 shouldnt不應(yīng)該 neednt 不必3. 情態(tài)動詞表推測具體運(yùn)用：情態(tài)動詞可以對現(xiàn)在、進(jìn)行、過去推測。s主+情態(tài)動詞 + be + adj對“性質(zhì)”“特征”的推測s主+情態(tài)動詞 + be + n對“職業(yè)”“事物”的推測s主+情態(tài)動詞 + 動詞原形對經(jīng)常性行為的推測:i guess he might come tomorrow.s主+情態(tài)動詞 + be + v-ing對進(jìn)行著的行為的推測：he may be waiting at the station.s主+情態(tài)動詞 + have + pp對過去的行為的推測情態(tài)動詞表推測時(shí)：1.can只能用于否定句和疑問句2.must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑問句其實(shí)就用can來代替了）3.如句中有情態(tài)動詞 + 完成時(shí)，定是對過去的推測。4.句中如有表示不肯定的話語：i am not sure; i dont know 之類，常選may /might的各種形式。5. “could +have done”除了表示對過去的行為進(jìn)行推測外，還可表示曾有能力做某事，但并沒有做，或者表示某事可能發(fā)生但并沒有發(fā)生，含有輕微的責(zé)備或批評的意義，常譯作“本來可以”、“本來能”等。這一用法一般只用于肯定句中。eg. i could have passed the exam, but i didnt study hard.我本來能夠通過考試，但卻沒努力學(xué)習(xí)4. 表示反勸的特殊的表推測形式1). could + have + p.p.表示本來能做到，但事實(shí)上沒有做到。he could have finished the task on time, but the heavy snow came.2) . couldnt +have + p.p.表示本來不能做到，但已經(jīng)做到了。she could not have covered the whole distance, but in fact she arrived ahead of time.3) neednt + have + p.p.表示本不必做的，但已經(jīng)做到了。she neednt have attended the meeting yesterday, but she did.4. ) should/ought to +have + p.p.表示該做而沒有做the plant is dead. i should/ought to have given ot more water.5) shouldnt/ oughtnt to +have + p.p.表示不該做而做了。you oughtnt to / shouldnt have taken her bike without permission.5. 注意：must只能用于肯定句（它的否定句和疑問句其實(shí)就用can來代替了）1. must + have + p.p. 表示對過去肯定的推測，“一定是，準(zhǔn)是”the road is wet. it must have rained yesterday.2. can + have + p.p. 表示對過去的推測（限于問句中）can she have said so? 他可能這樣說嗎？3. cant + have + p.p. 表示對過去的否定推測he cannot have said such a foolish thing.二、情態(tài)動詞表推測的反意疑問句1. 情態(tài)動詞表推測的反意疑問句，簡單來說，就是以情態(tài)動詞后的時(shí)態(tài)為淮，如句子里有明確的時(shí)間狀語，則以其為準(zhǔn)。2. 以 must 為例：eg.1. you must be hungry now, arent you? 2. he must be watching tv , isnt he ? 3 tom must have lived her for a long time, hasnt he ?4. she must have arrived yesterday, didnt she?注：如選擇題中（以she must have arrived yesterday, didnt she？為例）既有didnt she又有hasnt she則以didnt she？為最佳答案。1. it_ be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.a. may b. couldnt c. should d. neednt解析：根據(jù)句意“不可能是詞匯導(dǎo)致了你習(xí)題中的問題，因?yàn)槟阒懒撕芏嘣~匯?！笨梢缘贸龃颂幈硎痉穸ǖ耐茰y。答案：b。2. (2014全國大綱)although you _find bargains in london, its not generally a cheap place to shop.a. should b. need c. must d. can解析：根據(jù)句意“盡管你能在倫敦找到便宜貨，但是一般不是購物便宜的地方?！贝颂巆an意為“能”的意思。答案：d。3. (2014陜西)my book, the house of hades, is missing. who _ have taken it?a. need b. must c. should d. could解析：根據(jù)句意“我的書丟了。可能會是誰拿走了呢？”從語境分析,could在此處表示對過去“可能性”的推測。答案：d。4.(2013浙江) i_ myself moreit was a perfect day.a. shouldnt have enjoyed b. neednt have enjoyedc. wouldnt have enjoyed d. couldnt have enjoyed 解析：根據(jù)句意“我從未玩得更開心過這是完美的一天?！眘houldnt have done表示“本不應(yīng)該做而事實(shí)上已經(jīng)做了”；neednt have done表示“本沒有必要做而事實(shí)上已經(jīng)做了”；wouldnt have done用于虛擬語氣；couldnt have done表示“不可能做過”。此處用not和比較級連用表達(dá)最高級的含義,意為“從未比這更高興過”。答案：d。5. if i_ it with my own eyes, i wouldnt have believed it.a. didnt see b. werent seeing c. wouldnt see d. hadnt seen解析：根據(jù)句意“如果不是親眼所見，我根本不會相信”，本題考查虛擬語氣。與過去事實(shí)相反?！贝鸢福篸?；A(chǔ)演練1. - what does the sign over there read? -“no person _ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette, cigar or pipe in this area.” a. will b. may c. shall d. must2. -im sorry. i_ at you the other day. - forget it. i was a bit out of control myself.a. shouldnt shout b. shouldnt have shouted c. mustnt shout d. mustnt have shouted3. my mp4 player isnt in my bag. where _ i have put it? a. can b. must c. should d. would4. -she looks very happy. she_ have passed the exam. - i guess so. its not difficult after all. a. should b. could c. must d. might5. -where is my dictionary? i remember i put it here yesterday.- you _ it in the wrong place. a. must put b. should have put c. might put d. might have putkeys: 1-5 cbacd鞏固提高1. -im very sorry. i_ but i had a visitor at the last minute.a. would like have b. would like to c. had planned to d. were going to2. - havent your returned the books to the school library?- no, i_, but i forgot.a. should b. must c. should have d. must have3. most chinese people are leading lives they_ just 20 years ago.a. could not be imagining b. could not be imagined c. could not have imagined. d. could not have been imagined4. when_ if he had any idea what the novel was about, jack kept silent. he_ have read it very carefully.a. asking; neednt b. asking; shouldnt c. asked; cant d. asked; mustnt5. apple will need to replace the vital spark that he has brought to its affairs. and history suggests that this _from another individual, not a management team, _ talented.a. can only come; however b. should only come; however c. only come; whatever d. must only come; whatever6. - are you coming to jeffs party? -im not sure. i _ go to the concert instead.a. must b. would c. should d. might7. - it _ be mary in the office. - im sure it _ be her. i saw her off at the bus station just ten minutes ago.a. must; shouldnt b. should; cant c. must; cant d. can; mustnt 8. -listen! someone is knocking at the door. i _ be father. - it _ be him; he is supposed to be back home tomorrow.a. may; may b. must; cant c. can; cant d. could; must9. a left-luggage office is a place where bags _ be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.a. should b. can c. need d. may10. -you really shouldnt have shouted to them.- right. i _ crazy then.a. must be b. must have been c. would have been d. should have beenkeys: 1-5 cccca 6-10dcabb一、 改正下列句子中的錯誤1. -may i come in? -no, you may not. i am having my voice recorded.2. -must i finish the report today? -no you mustnt.3. i would get up very early, but now i dont.4. all the villagers could move to the safe place before flood arrived.5. the computer mustnt be yours. it belongs to someone else.6. you mustnt work tomorrow if you dont want to.7. in the old days my parents must work from morning till night.8. he is honest. he mustnt have done such a thing.9. she could get there in time, but she met with a traffic accident.10. i didnt need to buy this car. i have already got a new one.二、單項(xiàng)選擇1. -my doctor mastered english in less than two years.-did she? she _ have a gift for languages.a. canb. wouldc. should d. must2. -how did you do in the test?-not so well. i _much better but i misread the directions for part d.a. could do b. could have done c. must have done d. should do3. -sorry, mum. i got a c in the exam-you _have done better, but you didnt try your best.a. wouldb. mustc. couldd. shall4. -we are worried about tom. why hasnt he come back?-dont worry. he _ in a traffic jam.a. might be caught b. may have been caughtc. can have been caught d. should have been caught5. -why hasnt steve contacted us up to now? _ anything have happened to him?-im not sure ,but i guess something_.a. must; mayb. could; might c. may; must have d. can; may havekeys:一、1. you may not改為you must not/mustnt2. you mustnt改為you neednt/dont have to3. would改為used to4.could改為were able to5.mustnt 改為cant6. mustnt 改為neednt7.must改為had to8. mustnt 改為cant9.could get改為could have got10. didnt need to buy改為neednt have bought二、單項(xiàng)選擇 1-5 dacbd_一、七選五 how to turn your child into a lifelong bookwormliteracy is one of the most important skills we will ever develop over our lifetimes. most small children love books, looking at the pictures and hearing the story, but as they get older they often move away from books. 1 join the library libraries have changed a lot in recent years. 2 take your child regularly and encourage them to take out books on whatever subject interests them. not just novelsmany parents think that reading counts if the child is reading a work of fiction or a novel. 3_ non-fiction books are particularly attractive to boys. kids especially love the sorts of books which allow them to make a decision between various paths and choose their own endings. set an exampleif your child never sees you reading, they arent going to pick up a book either. 4 having plenty of books around the house makes reading more accessible and the normal thing to do when bored. if you struggle with reading and literacy, do something about it by going back to college or attending a special adult literacy course.make their own booksif your child dislikes reading, think about encouraging them to start writing their own stories and novels. buy them a special notebook. allow them to write whatever captures their imagination, and dont worry too much about messy handwriting or poor spelling. 5 a. so how do you keep your kids interested in books?b. as long as a child is reading, it doesnt matter what they are reading. c. libraries will have a great range of books for children.d. there are newspapers printed especially for children.e. reading and writing are often thought of as two separate issues.f. the idea is to cause an interest in books, reading and fiction, and the rest will develop over time.g. next time pick up a newspaper or a book and encourage your child to sit with you and read too.二、完型填空my sister and i grew up in a little village in england. our father was a struggling 1 , but i always knew he was 2 . he never criticized us, but used 3 to bring out our best. hed say, “if you pour water on flowers, they flourish. if you dont give them water, they die.” i 4 as a child i said something 5 about somebody, and my father said, “ 6 time you say something unpleasant about somebody else, its a reflection of you.” he explained that if i looked for the best 7 people, i would get the best 8 . from then on ive always tried to 9 the principle in my life and later in running my company.dads also always been very 10 . at 15, i started a magazine. it was 11 a great deal of my time, and the headmaster of my school gave me a 12 ：stay in school or leave to work on my magazine.i decided to leave, and dad tried to sway me from my decision, 13 any good father would. when he realized i had made up my mind, he said, “richard, when i was 23, my dad 14 me to go into law. and ive 15 regretted it. i wanted to be a biologist, 16 i didnt pursue my 17 .you know what you want. go fulfill it.”as 18