人教新課標高中英語必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes習題(3).doc

Unit 4Earthquakes【熱點話題】Nature disasters(自然災害)雪災體裁：記敘文寫作思路：災難發(fā)生時間地點災情救援工作【美文誦讀】On March 5th，2011，the city of Shenyang saw_a_disaster_of_snowstorm_that_had_never_happened_in_the_past_hundred_years The snowstorm lasted for a whole day，greatly affecting the life of people.Early in the morning it snowed heavily.Many vehicles were_trappedon the roads.Therefore，people were_forced_to head for their destinations on foot. Not_only_were_all_the_flights_canceled_ but_ also_ many_ trains_ were _delayed The city government called on all the citizens and soldiers to take an active part in the activities of clearing snow.Besides, the city government took_all_kinds_of_urgent_measures_to rescue the people trapped in the snowstorm to ensure that everything returned to normal as soon as possible.【學海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。12015年5月8日，廣州市下了一場百年一遇的大雨。(模仿)On_May_8，2015，the_city_of_Guangzhou_saw_a_disaster_of_heavy_rain_that_had_never_happened_in_the_past_hundred_years.2許多行人車輛被堵在路上。(be trapped)Many_people_and_vehicles_were_trapped_on_the_road.3Thousands of people were_forced_to_leave_their_homes(被迫離開住處)4不僅所有航班被取消，列車也誤點了。(模仿)Not_only_were_all_the_flights_canceled_but_also_many_trains_were_delayed.5The city government took_all_kinds_of_measures(采取各種措施)to ensure the safety of people.按要求寫出下列單詞1爆裂；爆發(fā) n& vburst2蒸汽，水汽 nsteam3災難，災禍n.disaster4援救，營救n.& vrescue5毀滅；(使)破壞 n& vruin6地震 nearthquake7要點，大綱，輪廓n.outline8報刊的大字標題n.headline9掩蔽，掩蔽處，避身處n.shelter10休克，打擊；(使)震驚，震動 n& vshock11破壞，毀壞，消滅v.destroy破壞，毀壞 ndestruction破壞性的，毀滅性的adj.destructive12使驚嚇，嚇唬v.frighten令人恐懼的adj.frightening受驚的，受恐嚇的adj.frightened13損害，傷害v.injure損害，傷害n.injury受傷的adj.injured14祝賀，恭賀 vcongratulate恭賀，恭喜，賀詞 ncongratulation(s)15用途；利用n.& vuse用法，慣例n.usage有用的adj.useful無用的，無效的adj.useless用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1He was shocked to learn his wife was killed in a traffic accident.The news was a terrible shock to him.(shock)2Wood is useful/used for building houses，while coal can be used to keep warm.(useless)3The frightening scene frightened the girl and we could see from her frightened expression that she was frightened(fright)4In the crash he was seriously injuredHe suffered severe injuries to the head and arms.(injure)5His car was_damaged in the accident and so he got some damages from the insurance company.(damage).翻譯下列短語1許多，大量的a_(great)_number_of2結(jié)束，終結(jié)at_an_end3被圍困be_trapped_in/by4為籌集資金raise_money_for5掘出；發(fā)現(xiàn)dig_out6分發(fā)；發(fā)出(聲音，光等)give_out7嚴重受損；破爛不堪in_ruins8立刻，馬上right_away9向表達感謝express_ones_thanks_to_sb.10消失了，不見了 be_gone11輕視，看不起think_little_of12為感到驕傲be_proud_of選用上述短語完成下列短文。The headmaster said it was wrong for him to (1) think_little_of Lucy after she won the speaking competition whose purpose was to (2)raise_money_for the earthquakestricken area. He said he (3) was_proud_of Lucy and wanted to (4)express_his_thanks_to her because she had won great honour for the school.重點句型1It seemed as if the world was at an end! (p.26)仿佛到了世界末日！It seems (to sb.) as if/that.(在某人看來)好像，似乎，仿佛覺得It seemed that/as if nobody could change her mind.看來似乎沒有人能改變她的主意。模仿造句用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)看上去好像除了我之外別人都知道。It_seems_as_if_everybody_knows_it except me.(2)聽她說話的口氣她好像去過美國。It_seemed_as_if_she_had_been_to_America_from_her_words(3)好像這個問題沒有解決的辦法。It_seems_as_if_there_is no solution to this problem.2All hope was not lost.(p.26)不是所有的希望都破滅了。all.not.not all.并非都all，both, each, always, every及every的合成詞與not連用時表部分否定。All students can not go to a key university after they graduate from middle school.不是所有的學生中學畢業(yè)后都能上重點大學。模仿造句根據(jù)漢語意思完成下列句子。(1)不是所有的學生都通過了考試。Not_all_the_students_have_passed_the_exam(2)不是你們兩個都有機會去美國。Both_of_you_cant have the opportunity to go to America.3There was no stopping the fires.(p.65)沒有辦法撲滅這場大火。There is noing 分詞短語It is impossible to do sth.沒可能做某事There was no knowing the murderer.沒可能找出真兇。模仿造句 (1)無可否認，你在撒謊。There_is_no_denying_that_you_are_lying.(2)沒有辦法知道未來會是什么樣子。There_is_no_telling_what_the_future_will_be_like.用上述句型翻譯下列小片段。看起來美國就是財富的象征，然而，并不是每個美國人都富有。有些美國人窮得連飯也吃不起，這也是不容抵賴的事實。It_seems_that_America_is_the_sign/symbol_of_wealth.However，not_every_American_is_rich.There_is_no_denying_that_some_Americans_are_too_poor_to_buy_food.短文改錯的解題技巧1代詞誤用的常見錯誤有男性代詞與女性代詞的誤用，單數(shù)指代復數(shù)、代詞詞性誤用等三種情況。如：The smiths did his best to make me feel at home.解析：The smiths指史密斯一家或史密斯夫婦，為復數(shù)，his改為their。2介詞誤用的常見錯誤有習慣搭配中的介詞誤用，介詞后的賓語誤用及動詞詞性確定錯誤等。如：(1)We dont seem to get much time to talk about together.解析：talk together：一起交談，talk為不及物動詞，去掉about；或者在about后加上賓語it，變成talk about sth.(2)I am writing to thank you with your kind help.解析：thank sb.for sth是固定搭配，把with改為for。3連接詞誤用常見的錯誤有：(1)并列句間意義理解不清導致用錯并列連詞。The more friends we have，the more we can learn from one another，but the more pleasure we can share together.解析：“我們有越多的朋友，就越能相互學習，分享的快樂也就越多。”這里是并列關(guān)系，故將“but” 改為“and”。Now Laura and I study at different colleges or we can only see each other during the summer vacation.解析：這里是并列關(guān)系，而非選擇關(guān)系，故將“or” 改為“and”。(2)主從句關(guān)系理解不清，各從句混淆使用。 But before long they began to see which was happening.解析：see后跟的是賓語從句，從句中缺主語，故將“which” 改為“what”，表示“所發(fā)生的事情”。So if they had said was true，I would have a chance of winning the prize.解析：if條件句中有一個主語從句，故在if后加上引導主語從句的“what”。4考查冠詞的三個出題方向：(1)an與a錯用；(2)a、an與the錯用；(3)根據(jù)需要增刪冠詞。下面每個句子都有一處錯誤，請指出并加以改正。1And it is wise to have as many good friends that we can. thatas2She is smiling at me but nodding at me.butand3Well talk with our plan for the weekend over dinner.withabout4Each these lines stands for a trouble in my life.EachEach_of5One day I wrote a short story and showed to the teacher.showedshowed_it6Soon I began to enjoy talking to myself on paper as I was learning to express me in simple English.memyself7We ran to escape but fortunately no one was injured.butand8During our stay，we went boating in Riyuetan Pool，that is a beautiful lake.thatwhich9There，Rory will introduce me to some of her friends，one of who has been to China several times.whowhom10This is how I need to improve in the future.howwhat/where11We were warned not to cheat again so she would need to see our parents. soor12“He has ruined his health.We are worried about him.” That is which other teachers say.whichwhat13Its been a week after we left your family and we are now back home.aftersince14We may be one family and live under a same roof.athe15In the end，we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear.unlessuntil/till16As we all know, its famous mountain with all kinds of plants and animals.itsits_a第一節(jié)閱讀理解閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。There is a growing trend in US schools to rethink the ways students are punished for bad behavior，including finding alternatives to punishments such as outofschool suspensions(休學). In Los Angeles，a city with one of the largest school districts in the country，changes in discipline policies are already affecting students.In a Hispanic neighborhood known for its poverty and gangs，growing up can be tough.Thats especially true for Garfield High School student Marco Antonio Aguilar.Aguilar says he had the wrong friends，often skipped school and even got into fights.The school suspended him and he almost had to go to a school for problem students.But a talk with his mom woke him up.“She was always there for me.What also sparked the fire more was that with the help of the teachers I received，and my knowing that they did care about me，the school did really help me，”Aguilar recalls.Garfield High School Principal Jose Huerta does not believe in suspensions.“You dont have to suspend kids.It doesnt get you anywhere.Its not even expensive；its very simple.Just connect with students.”he said.When he first arrived at Garfield High School more than four years ago，the dropout rate was more than 50 percent，with close to 700 suspensions a year.He says most of the suspensions were for minor known behavioral problems.“It could be from chewing gum in class to sticking gum under the things，”he said.Jose Huerta，new principal at the time，changed the discipline policy.Instead of facing suspensions，those with behavioral issues will first talk to a teacher，and then a parent may get involved and eventually，a support group if needed.Garfield High School now has an 85 percent graduation rate，and the school has changed.Punishments for behavioral problems used to be decided by each school in this urban district. But last year，the Los Angeles Unified School District banned outofschool suspensions as a form of punishment for students with behavioral issues.1What do we know about Marco Antonio Aguilar?AHe didnt have any close friends at school.BHe didnt behave well at school in the past.CHe wasnt truly cared about by his teachers.DHe was very happy knowing he was suspended.2What is Jose Huertas attitude towards suspensions?ASupportive.BUncaring.CDisapproving. DInterested.3We know that now students at Garfield High School_Aoften face suspensionsBdislike going to schoolCoften have behavioral issuesDare much more likely to graduate4It is implied in the last paragraph that schools in the Los Angeles Unified School District_Ahave much higher dropout rates than beforeBhave found more extreme ways to punish studentsCface a lot more problems than before because of a banDcannot use suspensions to punish students with behavioral issues語篇解讀：在美國，越來越多的學校開始廢除校外休學。1解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Aguilar says he had the wrong friends，often skipped school and even got into fights.”可知Aguilar以前在學校里表現(xiàn)不好。答案：B2解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的“Garfield High School Principal Jose Huerta does not believe in suspensions.”以及Jose Huerta在這一段所說的“You dont have to suspend kids.It doesnt get you anywhere.Its not even expensive；its very simple.”可推斷他反對讓學生校外休學。答案：C3解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“the dropout rate was more than 50 percent”以及第四段的“Garfield High School now has an 85 percent graduation rate，and the school has changed.”可知那里的學生高中畢業(yè)的可能性大了很多。答案：D4解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段的“But last year，the Los Angeles Unified School District banned outofschool suspensions as a form of punishment for students with behavioral issues.”可推斷在那里的學校不能因為學生有了錯誤行為而讓他們進行校外休學了。答案：D第二節(jié)七選五根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。With the development of society，it is common that many people are rushing all the way and all day，tired and sub healthy(亞健康)1_She described all the things she had to doone was to make her bedfrom the moment she woke up until she flew out of the door for work.I suggested she experiment by not making her bed for two weeks.She was shocked，probably thinking Id been brought up by wolves in a forest._2_Two weeks later she went into my office merrily.She had left her bed unmade for the first time in 42 yearsand nothing bad had happened.“And you know what？” she said.“I dont dry my dishes anymore，either.”3_One was discovering that she had choices in her life that she had never seen before.The other was giving herself permission to be less than perfect.This story shows an important principle about managing time：No one can do it all.Each of us has to make choices and accept tradeoffs(利弊權(quán)衡)The problem is that many people choose in ways that put themselves and their health last.They take better care of their houses and cars than they do of themselves._4_So what is the solution? Theres an easy way.Decide what you want in your life，and put that first.On a daily basis，that should include regular meals，enough sleep and time with your family.Exercise，leisure，friendships and hobbies should also be regular aspects of life._5_The choice is yours：whatever makes you feel good about yourself and your life.Take a nap.Take a walk.Take time to play the piano.Stop bringing your briefcase home from the office.Stop keeping your house as clean as your mother kept hers.Fill more of your time with wanttodos instead of havetodos.AMost people do not take time to relax themselves.BThe point is to do something for yourself every day.CA patient came to see me about the stress in her life.DThis woman had made two major breakthroughs.EAbove all，you neednt do anything for yourself regularly.FThey put everyone elses needs ahead of their own.GHowever，she went along with my idea.答案：15CGDAB第三節(jié)完形填空閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從120題所給的A、B、C和D項中，選出最佳選項。(2014四川卷)My husband，Tom，has always been good with animals，but I was still amazed when he befriended a female grouse(松雞)Its _1_for a grouse to have any contact(接觸) with people.In fact，theyre hard to spot，_2_ they usually fly off when they hear humans approaching.This grouse came into our lives in_3_.Tom was working out in the field when he_4_ her walking around at the edge of the field.She was _5_unafraid and seemed to be _6_ about what he was doing.Tom saw the _7_bird several times，and she got more comfortable around him.We quickly grew_8_of the bird and decided to call her Mildred.One day，as Tom was working，Mildred came within a few feet of him to watch.Tom_9_he didnt see her and kept working to see what she would do next.Apparently，she didnt like to be _10_.Shed run up and peck(啄) at Toms hands，then _11_ off to see what he would do.This went on for about 20 minutes，until Mildred became tired of the _12_and left.As spring went and summer came，Mildred started to _13_ more and more often._14_Mildred felt comfortable enough to jump up on Toms leg and stay long enough for me to get a_15_ of the two of them together.This friendly grouse soon felt_16_ not just with our family，but with anybody who walked or drove by.When hunting season opened，we put a _17_ at the end of our driveway asking _18_ not to shoot our pet grouse.My father，who lived down the road，_19_warned people not to shoot her._20_，hunters would stop and take pictures，because they had never seen anything like her. 1A.interesting Breasonable Cimpossible Dunusual2A.though Bbecause Cunless Duntil3A.spring Bsummer Cautumn Dwinter4A.got Bkept Cnoticed Dimagined5A.naturally Bcertainly Cnormally Dsurprisingly6A.crazy Bcurious Cconcerned Dcautious7A.shy Bawkward Cfriendly Delegant8A.careful Btired Cfond Dsick9A.supposed Brealized Choped Dpretended10A.ignored Bobserved Camazed Ddisturbed11A.put Bback Cset Dtake12A.game Bwork Cplace Dman13A.give up Bcome out Cturn over Dfly by14A.Eventually BSuddenly CConstantly DPresently15A.chance Bdream Cpicture Dsense16A.comfortable Bguilty Canxious Dfamiliar17A.lantern Bsign Cgun Dloudspeaker18A.drivers Bfarmers Chunters Dtourists19A.just Byet Cthus Dalso20A.In fact BFor long COn the contrary DBy the way語篇解讀：本文為記敘文，題材為社會生活類。我丈夫竟然和一只松雞成了好朋友，并把它培養(yǎng)成了我家的寵物。要知道松雞是很難見到的，它們聽到人類接近的聲音就會飛走。那我丈夫是如何和這只松雞成為朋友并最終把它培養(yǎng)成我家的寵物的呢？1解析：根據(jù)情景：它們很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)，它們聽到人類接近的聲音就會飛走。由此可知松雞和人類接觸是一件很不尋常的事，故答案為D項。答案：D2解析：句意：事實上，它們很難被發(fā)現(xiàn)，因為當它們聽到人類接近的聲音時通常就會飛走，此處應該是because引導的原因狀語從句。答案：B3解析：根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段第一句話中的“As spring went and summer came”可知這只松雞是在春天的時候走進我們的生活的。答案：A4解析：句意：湯姆在地里干活的時候注意到它在田邊來回走動。表達“注意”到某事要用動詞notice。答案：C5解析：根據(jù)上文的描述可知松雞很怕人類的接近，可是這只松雞卻不害怕湯姆，這是讓人感到非常驚訝的事情，所以答案為D項。答案：D6解析：這只松雞不光是不害怕湯姆，似乎還對湯姆正在干什么感到好奇。be curious about sth.對某事感到好奇，符合語境。答案：B7解析：此處與16空前的“This friendly grouse”照應。答案：C8解析：句意：我們很快就喜歡上這只鳥兒了，決定給它取名叫Mildred。be/become/grow fond of sth./sb.喜歡某物/某人。答案：C9解析：句意：湯姆假裝沒有看到它，繼續(xù)干手里的活，看看它接下來會做什么。根據(jù)情景可知湯姆明明是看到它了，可是為了達到某種目的而假裝沒看到，所以答案為D項。答案：D10解析：句意：很顯然，它并不愿意自己被忽視(ignored)。從接下來它的行動可以推斷出它不愿意湯姆忽視它，為了引起湯姆的注意它開始啄湯姆的手，所以答案為A項。答案：A11解析：它啄了一下湯姆的手，接著往后退，想看看他會做什么。根據(jù)情景可知這只鳥兒會往后退，所以答案為B項。答案：B12解析：這只松雞反反復復做這樣的動作好像是在做游戲，所以填game。答案：A13解析：句意：隨著春天的離去，夏季的來臨，Mildred開始出來的次數(shù)越來越多了。答案：B14解析：句意：終于Mildred無拘無束地都敢跳到湯姆的腿上了。經(jīng)過這么長時間的相處和試探，Mildred終于邁出了重要的一步，所以答案為A項。答案：A15解析：根據(jù)情景此處表達Mildred在湯姆腿上逗留的時間長到足以讓我給他倆拍了一張照片(picture)。答案：C16解析：由上文7空所在句子中的“she got more comfortable”和14空后的“Mildred felt comfortable”可知選A。答案：A17解析：根據(jù)情景可知，打獵的季節(jié)到來了，為了不讓獵人們朝這只鳥兒射擊，我們放置了一個標志牌。答案：B18解析：我們的標牌上當然是請求這些獵人們(hunters)不要射殺我們的寵物松雞。答案：C19解析：看到我們這么做，住在路那頭的父親也(also)告誡人們不要射殺它。答案：D20解析：句意：事實上，獵人們會停下來和它拍照，因為他們從來沒見過像它這樣的鳥。答案：A第四節(jié)語法填空閱讀下面的短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個適當?shù)脑~或使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。As a working mom with three young sons，keeping the house clean is a big challenge.Even 1._we clean the house every week，one hour later our bedrooms and bathrooms are back to their messy(混亂的) look.When 2._(ask)，my boys will help neaten their room，clear their plates from the table and pick up their school junk.But I need to remind them 3._it again and again.If I dont remind them，I will step over all the things 4._make my house look like a garbage can.This is quite 5._change from my prekid years when I never left any waste in the house. 6._seems that I cannot get those days back again at my own house.When last week I 7._(find)a program called“Share a Healthy Habit”on a newspaper，I saw a g