上海牛津高一英語專項練習(xí)(閱讀).doc

.上海牛津高一英語專項練習(xí)（閱讀）Reading Comprehension Passage One Many people hurt their backs when they try to lift heavy things from the floor. It is easy to hurt your back muscles when you pick up a heavy object. However, there is a correct way to lift things from the floor if you pick up or lift heavy objects correctly, you probably will not hurt your back.To lift something from the floor correctly, first bend your knees and squat down. Keep your back straight. Do not bend over from your waist; keep your back and hips and waist in a line. If you bend over, the muscles in your lower back can become wounded very easily. If you keep your back and hips stronger, they have much more support. The other muscles can then help the lower back muscles.As you squat down, try to get as close to the object as possible. For example, if you are going to pick up a heavy box, squat down directly in front of it. Maybe you will have to spread your knees and legs. Put one knee on each side of the box. Remember at all times to keep your back straight.Put your hands under the objects that is in front of you, between your knees.To lift objects, you should stand up slowly. Use your leg muscles in order to stand up. In other words, lift with your legs, not with your back.1. If you try to lift heavy things from the floor, _.A. you will hurt your back B. you may hurt your back C. you must hurt your back D. you never hurt your back2. According to the passage, how can you avoid hurting yourself while lifting things from the floor?A. To get yourself insured.B. Never to lift heavy things.C. To use the correct way to lift things.D. To do body exercises to have more strength.3 To lift a heavy object mainly depends on your _.A. legs B. back C. knees D. hands4. To lift a heavy box, the most important thing you should do is _.A. to put your hands under the box B. to bend your knees and squat downC. to put one knee on each side of it D. to keep your back straight at all times5. When you lift a heavy thing, which of the following is NOT true?A. Keeping your back and hips and waist in a line. B. Putting one knee in front of the thing.C. Standing up slowly. D. Putting your hands under the thing between your knees.6. What does the underlined word ”squat” mean in the passage?A. 站B. 蹲C. 爬D. 糖7. According to the passage, which part of your body is most likely to be hurt while lifting heavy things?A. legsB. armsC. hipsD. backPassage Two EVENTS(賽事)Bicycle tour(旅行) and race（比賽） A bike tour and race will be held on August 26 and 27(Sat.& Sun.). At 5:30a.m. the riders will leave Tian anmen Square and ride the first 35 kilometers as a training leg. Then the next 55 kilometer leg, from Yanjiao to Jixian, will be the first competitive part of the tour. The riders and their bikes will then be taken from Jixian to Changli.The second racing leg of the tour will be from Changli to the seaside of Nandaihe, covering a distance of 20 kilometers. Saturday night includes the stay at Nandaihe and supper. Sunday morning is free for play at the seaside. At noon all the people and their bikes will be taken back to Beijing.Cost:200 yuan Telephone:4675027 Rock climbingThe Third National Rock Climbing Competition will be held on August 26-27 at the Huairou Mountain-climbing Training Base. More than 10 teams from Beijing, Wuhan, Dalian, Jilin and other places will take part in it. A Japanese team will give an exhibitive climbing. Free for spectators(觀眾)Take long distance bus from Dongzhimen to Huairou .Time/Dates:9-12a.m.,August 26and27Telephone; 7143117, 7144850, Wang Zheng Hua8. The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about_.A. visiting teams B. famous players C. things to do for the weekend D. prices to pay for the sports events9. If you take part in the bike tour, you will ride for _.A. 35 kilometers B. 55 kilometers C. 75 kilometers D.110 kilometers10. The underlined word “l(fā)eg” in “Bicycle tour and race” probably means _.A. walk B. practice C. part of the training D. part of the tour11. What is special about the rock climbing competition?A. A foreign team takes part in it. B. You can watch it without paying C. You dont have to be a sportsman to take part D. The bus trip to the place the competition is freePassage Three “Depend on yourself” is what nature says to everyone. Parents can help you. Teachers can help you. Others can still help you. But all these only help you to help yourself.There have been many great men in history. But many of them were very poor in childhood, and had no uncles, aunts or friends to help them. Schools were few and not very good. They could not depend upon them for an education. They saw how it was, and set to work with all their strength to know something. They worked their own way up to fame.One of the most famous teachers in England used to tell his pupils, “I cannot make verity men of you, but I can help you make men of yourselves.”Some young men have no idea to be the top one in anything; and they are to be pitied. They can never achieve much unless they see their weak points and change their courage. They are nothing now, and will be nothing as long as they live, unless they accept the advice of their parent and teachers, and depend on their own honest efforts.12. “Depend on yourself” in this passage means_.A. rely on nature B. wait for others to help C. rely on your own efforts D. count on your parents help13. Many of the great men in history succeed because_.A. they were very poor in childhood B. they wanted very much to become famousC. they made great efforts to learn and work D. they could not depend on schools for an education14. According to the famous teacher in England, a teacher can_.A. make his pupils worthy men B. help his pupils find a way to fameC. help his pupils make themselves useful men D. make his pupils men of strength and courage15. If young people depend on their own efforts, _.A. they are to be pitied B. they can be ambitious C. they are nothing forever D. they can be successful in their careers16. The best title for this passage is _.A. How to Be Famous B. What Nature Says to Every Man C. Depend on Yourself D. Depend on OthersPassage Four Australia is nearly as large as the United States, but most of it is too dry for people to live in. Around the edge of this huge dry part are large sheep and cattle farms. A few of them are as large as the smallest states in America. Often the nearest neighbors are many hundred miles away. The two-way radio is very important to people who live on these great Australia farms. It works much like a telephone. A person can listen to someone else talk and then give an answer. When these radios first came into use, the Australia government set up a special two-way radio programme. Then people on the large farms could talk to a doctor hundreds of miles away. They could tell the doctor about someone who was sick, and the doctor could let them know how to care for the sick person. Since the large farms were so far from towns, the children could not go to school. Radio schools were set up for them in some areas. At a certain time each day, the boys and girls turn on their radios and listen to teachers in cities miles away.Families on the large farms wanted to give news to their neighbors. “Round robin” talks by radio were started to keep families in touch with each other. They could talk about who was going away or who was sick or who was getting married. The men could talk about their sheep and cattle and how much money the markets would pay for them. In many ways the radio became a newspaper for the farm people of Australia.17.This passage tells us something about _.A. how large Australia is B.why the radio is important in Australia C. how the radio is used in Australia D. both B and C18. Australia is _America.A. just as large as B. almost the same size asC. larger thanD. as large as the smallest state in19. How many examples were given by the writer to show the use of radio on the great farms? _A. Only one B. Two C. Three D. four20.The two-way radio is something like a telephone because _A. the radio has two telephones B. you can talk to and listen to somebody by radio C. the government set up a special two-way radio programmeD. people could talk to a doctor hundreds of miles away21. Families on the large farms kept in touch with each other by _.A. radio B. a news paper C. a bird D. both B and CPassage FiveThe earth has a force that pulls things toward itself. We call this force gravity. This is something we live with all the time and we take it for granted and hardly ever think about it. But it is a most important factor in rocket operation and must be overcome if we are to get anywhere in space or off the ground at all.Take the throwing of a ball as an example. The harder the ball is thrown, the faster and higher it will go. What is the secret? Its speed. If we could throw the ball hard enough it would go up and up forever and never come down. The speed at which it would have to be thrown to do this is known as escape speed. Of course, we cannot throw a ball hard enough because the speed required to escape completely from the Earths gravity is seven miles per second, or over twenty-five thousand miles per hour. Once escape speed has been reached by a spacecraft, no further power is needed. A rocket aimed at the moon, for instance, will “coast”(滑行) the rest of the way because the Earths gravity cannot then pull it back, and there is no air resistance in space to slow it down. This “coast” is known as “free fall”. That does not mean the rocket is falling down, towards the earth but that it is traveling freely in space without the aid of power, like a bicycle coasting downhill. Free fall is an important feature of space travel as it would be impossible to carry enough fuel to provide powered flight all the time.22. What is the most important factor for a rocket to escape from the Earth? A. To travel as fast as it can B. To overcome the Earth gravity C. To get away from the air resistance D. To have strong power in its operation23. How fast will a rocket go to escape completely from the Earths gravity? _ A. Seventy miles per second B. Seven thousand miles per hour C. Twenty-five thousand miles per second D. Twenty-five thousand miles per hour24. As there is always the Earths gravitational(地心引力) pull, people _.A. accept it without questioning it B. never notice its presence C. hardly think about how to use it. D. often try to escape from it25. When a bicycle “coast” down hill, it _.A. still needs much powerB. does not need any further power C. runs freely to all directions D. does not meet with air resistance26. Why is it not necessary to provide powered flight in space all the time?A. Few spacecrafts complete their flight operation B. The Earths gravity cannot be overcome C. No future power is needed after the escape speed is reached D. “Free fall” takes the place of the Earths gravity pullPassage SixAre some people born clever, and others born stupid? Or is intelligence developed by our environment and our experience? Strangely enough, the answer to these questions is yes. To some extent our intelligence is given us at birth, and no amount of special education can make a genius out of a child born with low intelligence. On the other hand, a child who lives in a boring environment will develop his intelligence less than one who lives in rich and varied surroundings. Thus the limits of a persons intelligence are fixed at birth, whether or not he reaches those limits will depend on his environment. This view, now held by most experts, can be supported in a number of ways. It is easy to show that intelligence is to some extent something we are born with. The closer the blood relationship between two people, the closer they are likely to be in intelligence. Thus if we take two unrelated people at random from the population, it is likely that their degree of intelligence will be completely different. If, on the other hand, we take two identical twins, they will very likely be as intelligent as each other. Relations like brothers and sisters, parents and children, usually have similar intelligence, and this clearly suggests that intelligence depends on birth. Imagine now that we take two identical twins and put them in different environment. We might send one, for example, to a university and the other to a factory where the work is boring. We should soon find difference in intelligence developing, and this indicates that environment as well as birth plays a part. This conclusion is also suggested by the fact that people who live in close contact with each other, but who are not related at all are likely to have similar degree of intelligence.27.The writer is in favor of the view that mans intelligence is given to him _.A. at birth B. through education C. both at birth and through education D. neither at birth nor through education28.If a child is born with low intelligence, he can _.A. never become a genius B. still become a genius if he should be given C. exceed his intelligence limits in rich surroundings D. not reach his intelligence in his life29. In the second paragraph, “if we take two unrelated people at random from the population” means “if we _.”A. pick any two persons B. take out two identical persons C. choose two persons who are relative D. choose two persons with different intelligence30. The example of the twins going to a university and to a factory separately shows _.A. the importance of their intelligence B. the role of environment on intelligence C. the importance if their positions D. the part that birth place 31.The best title of this passage can be _.A. Surrounding B. Intelligence C. Dependence on Environment D. Effect on EducationPassage SevenBilly is 14 years old and in the ninth grade. He has a part-time job which gets him up every morning at 5 oclock. He is a newspaper boy. Each morning, Billy leaves the house at 5:15 to go to the corner, where the newspapers are. The newspapers are delivered to the corner by truck at midnight. He always takes a wagon to carry them.In the winter it is still dark when he gets up, but during the rest of the year it is light. Billy must deliver the newspapers to the houses of people on his route in all kinds of weather. He tries to put each paper on the porch where it will be protected from wind and rain or snow. His customers think he does a good job. Sometimes they give him tips.Billy earns about 70 per month, and he is saving some of the money to go to college. He spends the rest on records and clothes. Once a month, he has to collect money from his customers. Since many of them work during the day, Billy has to collect the money at night. Sometimes, when Billy is sick his brother has to deliver the newspapers. Once, Billys father had to help. Billy has seventy customs now, but he hopes to get more soon. Someday if he gets more customers, Billy might win a prize for being an outstanding newspaper boy. He wants to win a trip to Europe, but he will still be happy if he wins a new bicycle.32. Keeping a part-time job tells us that Billy _.A. has to make a living by himself B. can not get any support from his familyC. has to pay for his school tuition D. is independent and self-confident33. He did his work _.A. perfectly well B. twice a week C. only for fun D. to support his family34.To deliver newspapers means _.A. to post newspapers B. to send newspapers C. to sell newspapers D. none of the above35. One of the purposes of delivering newspaper is _.A. to get some money for college education B. to have some tips C. to have more customers D. none of the above36. The prize for an outstanding newspaper boy is _.A. a trip to Europe B. a new bicycle C. a tip D. both A and BPassage Eight Trees are useful to man in three important ways; they provide him with wood and other products, they give him shade and they help to prevent drought and flood. Unfortunately, in many parts of the world, man has not realized that the third of these serious facts is the most important. In his eagerness to make money from trees, he has cut them down in large numbers. And besides, he is usually too careless to plant and look after young trees. So the forests slowly disappear. This doesnt only mean that man will have fewer trees. The results are even more serious, for where there are trees, their roots break up soil-allowing the rain to sink in and also bind(固定) the soil, thus preventing it from being washed away easily; but where there are no trees, the rain falls on hard ground and flows away, causing floods and carrying away the rich top soil. When all the top soil is gone, nothing remains but worthless desert. Two thousand years ago a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to build warships, with which to gain itself an empire. It set up the empire but, without its trees, its soil became poor and it grew weak. When the empire fell to pieces, the home country found itself faced with flood and starvation.37. The most important service of trees to man is that _.A. they give him shade B. they give him wood and other products C. they help him make money D. they help him prevent flood and droug