博超教育輔導(dǎo)中心2011暑期.doc

博超教育輔導(dǎo)中心2011暑期八年級(jí)試卷(一) 寫(xiě)出二十個(gè)元音音素和二十八個(gè)輔音音素。(二) 寫(xiě)出你所知道的介詞的含義。(三) 寫(xiě)出你學(xué)過(guò)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。四直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)。l 定義：（ ）引述別人的話，叫“直接引語(yǔ)”。用（ ）轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話，叫“間接引語(yǔ)”。直接引語(yǔ)前后一般要加引號(hào)，間接引語(yǔ)不用引號(hào)。l 直接引語(yǔ)變間接引語(yǔ)的總則：1、去掉引號(hào)看句型；2、人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)變；3、陳述語(yǔ)序很重要。l 去掉引號(hào)看句型：(1)直接引語(yǔ)如果是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞()引導(dǎo)（that在口語(yǔ)中常省略）。直接引語(yǔ)中的said to sb 變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)用( )sb。（2）直接引語(yǔ)如果是疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)：A、如果直接引語(yǔ)是一般疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用連詞()引導(dǎo)。主句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)said時(shí)，要改為asked。沒(méi)有間接賓語(yǔ)的，可以加一個(gè)間接賓語(yǔ)（me,us,you,him,her,them或某個(gè)人名）；B、如果直接引語(yǔ)是特殊疑問(wèn)句，變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，用()引導(dǎo)。（3）直接引語(yǔ)如果是祈使句，要用此句型：( ) to do sth。如果祈使句為否定式，在不定式的前面加上not,為肯定式時(shí)則不加not。l 人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)、指示代詞、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)變：n 人稱(chēng)的變化規(guī)則：( )。l 一從主：He said to Tom,I can help them. l He told Tom （that） ( )could help them.l 二從賓：He said to Tom,You can help them.l He told Tom（that) ( )could help them.l 三不變：He said to Tom,Lucy can help them.l He told Tom (that) ( )could help them. u 從舉例中，去理解人稱(chēng)的變化規(guī)則。一從主：即引號(hào)中的直接引語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)為第一人稱(chēng)（I,me,my,mine,we,us,our,ours），變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要與主句的主語(yǔ)保持一致。二從賓：即引號(hào)中的直接引語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)為第二人稱(chēng)（you,your,yours），變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，要與主句的賓語(yǔ)保持一致。三不變：即引號(hào)中直接引語(yǔ)的人稱(chēng)為第三人稱(chēng)（he,him,his/she,her,hers/it,its/they,them,their,theirs或某個(gè)人名），變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，人稱(chēng)保持不變。l 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上要作如下的變化。l 直接引語(yǔ)l 間接引語(yǔ)l 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) am/is/aren do/doesl 一般過(guò)去時(shí) ( )n ( )l 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/are+doingl 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)( )l 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/has+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞l 過(guò)去完成時(shí)( )+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞l 一般過(guò)去時(shí) was/weren didl 過(guò)去完成時(shí) had+beenl had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞l 過(guò)去完成時(shí)l 過(guò)去完成時(shí)（不變）l 一般將來(lái)時(shí)will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形l 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)( )+動(dòng)詞原形l canl ( )l mayl ( )l (2)時(shí)態(tài)的變化規(guī)則：如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在時(shí)態(tài)上要作相應(yīng)的變化。如果主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是現(xiàn)在時(shí)，從句的時(shí)態(tài)則無(wú)需變化。l (3)指示代詞的變化規(guī)則： ll 直接引語(yǔ)l 間接引語(yǔ)l 指示l 代詞l this 這ll these 這些ll (4)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的變化規(guī)則：ll 時(shí)間l 狀語(yǔ)l 直接引語(yǔ)l 間接引語(yǔ)l now現(xiàn)在ll today今天ll this week本周ll yesterday昨天ll the day before yesterday前天ll last week上周ll three days ago三天以前l(fā)l tomorrow明天ll the day after tomorrow后天ll next week 下周ll （5）地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞的變化規(guī)則：ll 直接引語(yǔ)l 間接引語(yǔ)u 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)l here這里lu 動(dòng)詞l come來(lái)ll 陳述語(yǔ)序很重要：（1）直接引語(yǔ)是陳述句時(shí)，本身已是陳述語(yǔ)序，就不必作任何變化。（2）直接引語(yǔ)是疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，在將其變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)，就要將疑問(wèn)句語(yǔ)序變?yōu)殛愂鼍湔Z(yǔ)序，規(guī)則為：如果疑問(wèn)句中是借助的do/does/did，則去掉；如果疑問(wèn)句中是提前的be/助/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，則回原位。l 注意：直接引語(yǔ)變?yōu)殚g接引語(yǔ)時(shí)的變化應(yīng)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而定。如果在當(dāng)天轉(zhuǎn)述，today,yesterday,tomorrow就不必變；如果在當(dāng)?shù)剞D(zhuǎn)述，here 和come也不必變成there和go。在過(guò)去時(shí)的引述動(dòng)詞之后，當(dāng)轉(zhuǎn)述客觀真理或引述的狀態(tài)和情況到現(xiàn)在仍然是事實(shí)時(shí)，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。(四) 以work為例，寫(xiě)出各種時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)并造句._(五) 閱讀理解（）Modern life is 1 without traveling. The 2 way of traveling is by air. With a modern airline you can travel in one day to places. But it 3 a month or more to get to these places a hundred years ago. Traveling by train is 4 than by air , but it has its advantages(便利). You can see the country you are traveling through. Modern trains have comfortable seats and dining cars. They make even the longest journey(旅程) 5 .Some people 6 travel by sea if it is possible. There are large liners and river boats. You can visit many other countries and different places. Traveling by sea is a very 7 way to 8 a holiday.Many people like to travel by 9 . You can make your 10 timetable. You can travel three or four hundred miles or only fifty or one hundred miles a day, just 11 you like. You can stop 12 you wishwhere there is something interesting to see, at a good restaurant where you can 13 a good meal, or at a hotel to spend the night. That is 14 traveling by car is popular for pleasure trips, while people usually take a train or a plane when they are traveling 15 business.( ) 1. A. impossible B. possible C. good D. bad( ) 2. A. fastest B. faster C. slowest D. slower( ) 3. A. spend B. took C. cost D. worth( ) 4. A. faster B. fast C. slower D. slow( ) 5. A. enjoy B. harmful C. enjoyable D. tired( ) 6. A. prefer to B. prefer C. prefers D. prefers to ( ) 7. A. pleased B. pleasure C. pleasant D. please( ) 8. A. take B. spend C. cost D. visit( ) 9. A. jeep B. truck C. car D. bike( ) 10. A. owns B. owns C. owns D. own( ) 11. A. to B. from C. as D. with( ) 12. A. whatever B. wherever C. however D. whichever( ) 13. A. enjoy B. like C. love D. eat( ) 14. A. what B. why C. where D. which( ) 15. A. in B. with C. for D.onIts easier to go downhill than to climb uphill, so its easier to fall into bad habits than into good_1_. Bad habits do not come_2_. They come little by little, so you dont know their _3_. Schoolboys first pick up little bad habits at_4_ and on the streets. When they cannot do their homework, they copy from their_5_. If they see bigger boys smoking, they_6_ want to learn to smoke. If they see their friends gambling(賭博), they want to gamble. When they get _7_, the habits become stronger and stronger. Then they can no longer give them up. From copying, they learn to _8_; from gambling, they learn to cheat(欺騙). _9_ no one believes in them. How _10_ it is that we stop the bad habits at the beginning!( ) 1.A. one B. ones C. other D. others( ) 2.A.slowly B. usually C. exactly D. suddenly( ) 3.A. danger B. idea C. plan D. hope( ) 4.A. work B. school C. home D. night( ) 5.A. parents B. teachers C. classmates D. students( ) 6.A. still B. too C. also D. yet( ) 7.A. thinner B. fatter C. older D. younger( ) 8.A. read B. give C. write D. steal( ) 9. A. At last B. At first C. At least D. At most( ) 10.A. silly B. important C. difficult D. easyMr. King worked in a factory. He was tall and 1 . He liked playing basketball. He spent a lot of 2 on it and sometimes he was late for the work. It made his boss 3 and one day the young man 4 . He tried to find another piece of work, but he 5 . Several months later he got into trouble and lived a 6 life. Once he met with his friend in the street. The man felt 7 for him and introduced him to his brother who was a 8 of a spare time physical cultural school. It was just in great need of some swimming coaches and he began to 9 the children to swim there. He wasnt a good worker and he wasnt a good coach, either. Two months later ,the children 10 nothing. Few of them could swim in the 11 river. It was Saturday and the weather was very 12 . The children wouldnt stay in the classroom and they hoped to swim in the river. Mr. King found it was difficult to 13 them. He had to agree with them. Before they started, he drew a line 14 the knee of each child with a red pen. He said to them，“Come out of the river at once if the water 15 the line!”( ) 1. A. weak B. strong C. fat D. ill( ) 2. A. time B. hope C. money D. sound( ) 3. A. pleased B. sad C. angry D. friendly( ) 4. A. used B. was used C. sent off D. was sent off( ) 5. A. cried B. shouted C. failed D. laughed( ) 6. A. busy B. useful C. light D. hard( ) 7. A. sorry B. safe C. dangerous D. surprised( ) 8. A. worker B. headmaster C. driver D. nurse( ) 9. A. show B. teach C. tell D. ask( ) 10. A. did B. saw C. heard D. learned( ) 11. A. deep B. wide C. narrow D. low( ) 12. A. cool B. warm C. hot D. cold( ) 13. A. save B. leave C. hurt D. stop( ) 14. A. below B. in C. over D. between( ) 15. A. washes B. reaches C. touches D. took(六) 適當(dāng)形式填空.1. Tom has _ (few; fewer) Christmas cards than I.2. There will be _ (less; fewer) green trees in fifty years.3. He is ill and he can eat _ (more; less) food.4. David has _ (less; fewer) money than Anna has.5. She wants to be a _ (science) when she grows up. 6. There is a tall _ (build) in front of the