人教版英語(yǔ)初一下知識(shí)點(diǎn)及練習(xí).doc

初一下Unit1 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. 筆友pen pal = pen friend 朱利的筆友Jolies pen pal 2. 來(lái)自于.be from = come from 3. 美國(guó)the United States = the USA = America 英國(guó)the United Kingdom = England = Britain4. live in Paris住在巴黎 Live用在表示地點(diǎn)的副詞如here、there、home前不用介詞。5.城市city復(fù)數(shù)cities . 國(guó)家country 復(fù)countries. an interesting country一個(gè)有趣的國(guó)家6. write to sb.=write a letter to sb. 寫信給湯姆write to Tom 快點(diǎn)給我寫信write to me soon 一封吉姆寫給比特的郵件an e-mail from Jim to Peter7. in November在十一月 on weekends 在周末 in the world 在世界上8. speak a little French講一點(diǎn)法語(yǔ) a little一點(diǎn)兒，后面接不可數(shù)名詞。 speak +語(yǔ)言(說(shuō)某種語(yǔ)言) speak to /with sb和說(shuō)話； say側(cè)重于說(shuō)的內(nèi)容； tell告訴 tell sb. about sth.告訴某人有關(guān)的情況； tell a story講故事； talk about談?wù)撽P(guān)于的情況, talk to/with和某人談話9. too (也) = also (也) ；too (太) 10.like doing sth./ like to do sth.喜歡做某事 like going to the movies with my friends：喜歡和我的朋友去看電影 like playing sports喜歡做運(yùn)動(dòng) play sports運(yùn)動(dòng) likes and dislikes:好惡、愛(ài)憎11. 詢問(wèn)某人來(lái)自某地Where is/are sb. from? / Where do/does sb. come from? 答語(yǔ)：Sb. am/is/are from. Sb. come(s) from12. 詢問(wèn)某人住在某地Where do/does sb. live？ 答語(yǔ)：Sb. live(s) in/at13. -Wheres your pen pal from? = Where does your pen pal come from? 你的筆友來(lái)自哪里？ -He/She is from + 國(guó)家名稱。 她來(lái)自。 -Where are you/they from? -Im/Theyre from.14. -Where does he/she live?他/她住在什么地方？-He/She lives in +城市名。他/她住在。 -Where do you/they live? - I/We/They live in15. -What language(s) does he/she speak? 他/她講什么語(yǔ)言？ -He/She speaks English and French. 他/她講英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)。 -What language do you/they speak? - I/We/They speak16. I want a pen pal in China.我想有一位來(lái)自中國(guó)的筆友。17. I can speak English and a little French.我會(huì)說(shuō)英語(yǔ)和一點(diǎn)兒法語(yǔ)。18. Please write and tell me about yourself.請(qǐng)寫信告訴我關(guān)于你自己的事情。19. Can you write to me soon? 你能盡快給我寫信嗎？20. I like going to movies with my friends and playing sports.我喜歡和我的朋友們?nèi)タ措娪昂瓦M(jìn)行體育運(yùn)動(dòng)。本單元的國(guó)家，人民、語(yǔ)言對(duì)應(yīng)1 Canada- Canadian- English / French 2 France- French-French3 Japan-Japanese-Japanese 4 Australia-Australian- English5 the United States- American- English 6 the United Kingdom-British- English7. Singapore-SingaporeanEnglish/Chinese 8 China-Chinese-Chinese練習(xí)題 單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. I think China is _ interesting country. A. aB. anC. theD. / ( )2. That boy comes _ Tokyo, Japan. A. in B. at C. ofD. from( )3.Can you speak English, Mr. Wang? Yes, but only _. A. littleB. a littleC. a lot( )4. _ do Lily and Jane come from? The United States. A. WhereB. WhoC. WhatD. Why ( )5. The people in Singapore speak _. A. English B.Chinese C. Japanese and English D. A and B( )6. Does your pen pal live in Guangzhou or Fuzhou? _A. Yes, he is. B. No, he doesnt. C. He lives in Fuzhou. D. He is from Guangzhou. ( )7. I know Tom well, please write and tell me about _. A. youB. me C. ID.yourself( )8. Do you speak English or _? English. A.England B.Japan C.French D.China( )9. He lives _ with his grandparents. A. in New York, the U.S.A. B. the U.S.A. , New YorkC. from New York , the U.S.A. D. of New York, the U.S.A. 完成句子1. They speak French and Spanish.(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ _ they speak? 2. My brother speaks Chinese. (改為一般疑問(wèn)句)_ your brother _ Chinese? 3. Peter lives in Tokyo. (對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)) _ _ Peter _? 4. Jim isnt from Canada.(改為同義句) Jim _ _ from Canada. 5. 我的筆友經(jīng)常給我寫信。 My pen pal often _ _ _. Unit 2知識(shí)點(diǎn)一 There be 句型要點(diǎn)1. 定義（注意與have的區(qū)別）2. 結(jié)構(gòu)：there is+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/不可數(shù)名詞+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)There is(Theres) a big supermarket near my home.There is(Theres) some water in the glass. there are+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ) There are 30 students in the classroom. 3、就近原則：當(dāng)there be 句型中出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)要與最靠近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。 There is a pen and two books on the desk. There are two books and a pen on the desk. 4、否定句變形：be動(dòng)詞后+not或no即可（not a/an/any+名詞=no +名詞） 5、一般疑問(wèn)句變形：be動(dòng)詞提前，句號(hào)變問(wèn)號(hào)，some變any，人稱變化 Is there a big supermarket near your home？Yes,there is. No,there isnt.6、特殊疑問(wèn)句變形（1） 對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：主語(yǔ)是人，用who提問(wèn)；主語(yǔ)是物，用what提問(wèn)。 無(wú)論原句主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)，對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)時(shí)be動(dòng)詞都要用單數(shù)形式，回答時(shí)卻要根據(jù)實(shí)際情況回答。（2） 對(duì)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)提問(wèn)：where（3） 對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)：how many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式+are there+介詞短語(yǔ) how much+不可數(shù)名詞+is there+介詞短語(yǔ) How many days are there in a week?一個(gè)星期有多少天?There are seven.二詞組：1. across from 在的對(duì)面 across from the bank 在銀行的對(duì)面 crossing n.十字路口；人行橫道 2. next to 緊靠 next to the supermarket 緊靠超市3. betweenand 在和之間 I sit between her and him. 我坐在他和她之間4. in front of 在前面 There is a tree in front of the classroom. 課室前面有棵樹(shù)。in the front of 在（內(nèi)）的前部 There is a desk in the front of the classroom. 課室內(nèi)的前部有張桌子。5. behind 在后面 behind my house 在我家后面6. on the left/right 在左邊/右邊on the left/right of 在某物的左/右邊 on the left of our school 在我們學(xué)校的左邊 on ones left/right 在某人的左/右邊 on my left 在我左邊 turn left/right 向左轉(zhuǎn)/向右轉(zhuǎn)7. go straight 直走8. go down /along the street 沿著街走 9. in the neighborhood=near here=around here 在附近 in the neighborhood of 在的附近10 welcome to 歡迎來(lái)到11. take a walk=have a walk=go for a walk 散步12. the beginning of 的開(kāi)始,前端 at the beginning of 在的開(kāi)始,前端 in the beginning 起初，一開(kāi)始 13. have fun=have a good time=enjoy oneself 玩得開(kāi)心，過(guò)得愉快 我昨天玩得很開(kāi)心。 I had fun yesterday. I had a good time yesterday. I enjoyed myself yesterday.14. have a good trip 旅途愉快15. take a taxi 坐出租車(taxi復(fù)數(shù)加s） take the bus 坐公交車16. 到達(dá)： get to +地方 get home 到家 get here/there 到達(dá)這里（到達(dá)那里）arrive in +大地方 I arrive in Beijing.arrive at +小地方 I arrive at the bank.arrive here/there 到達(dá)這里（到達(dá)那里） 17go across （從物體表面）橫過(guò) go across the street 過(guò)馬路go through （從空間內(nèi)）穿過(guò) go through the forest 穿過(guò)樹(shù)林Eg：Go through Sixth Avenue and you will find the bookstore. 穿過(guò)第六大道，你將會(huì)找到那個(gè)書(shū)店。18. visit sb 拜訪某人 visit+地點(diǎn) 拜訪某個(gè)地方19. the way to 去某地的路 the way to do sth 做某事的方法 the way of doing sth 做某事的方法20. on在的上面 in 在的里面 under在的下面21. street, road和way的區(qū)別22. park:公園。側(cè)重于公共場(chǎng)合的公園。 garden：花園。側(cè)重于私人所屬的花園，還可以用來(lái)種植花、果、菜。23. enjoy sth. 享受某事 enjoy doing sth. 享受做某事 enjoy oneself 過(guò)得愉快高興24. let sb.do sth. 讓某人做某事，常用來(lái)提出建議或邀請(qǐng)（sb為人稱代詞時(shí)要用賓格）25. hope to do sth 希望做某事 I hope to pass this exam. 我希望通過(guò)這次考試。 hope +從句 I hope tomorrow will be fine. 我希望明天將會(huì)晴朗。三句型：1. if 引導(dǎo)一個(gè)表示假設(shè)的句子。 If I have much money, I will go to the moon. 如果我有許多錢，我就會(huì)去月球。 If you are hungry, you can buy some food in the supermarket.如果你餓了的話，你可以在超市買一些食物。2. Next to the hotel is a small house with an interesting garden. with an interesting garden是一個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)，在句中做定語(yǔ)修飾house,表示這座房子具有的特征； with是介詞，意為“帶有；擁有”。3. Bridge Street is a good place to have fun. have fun意為“玩得愉快”，to have fun是一個(gè)不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中作后置定語(yǔ)修飾place.4. Just go straight and turn left. 此句是祈使句，祈使句是表請(qǐng)求、命令等的句子。通常省略了主語(yǔ)you,以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭，其否定句是在動(dòng)詞原形前加dont.5. Asking for directions: (問(wèn)路)(1)Where is (the nearest) ？ （最近的）在哪里？(2)Can/Could you tell me the way to ？ 你能告訴我去的路嗎？(3)How can I get to ？ 我怎樣到達(dá)？(4)Is there near here / in the neighborhood? 附近有嗎？(5)Which is the way to ？ 哪條是去的路？ (6)Could you tell me how to get to? 能告訴我去怎么走嗎？6. Giving directions: （指路）(1)Go straight down / along this street. 沿著這條街一直走。(2) Go down/along this street. 沿著這條街走。(3) Turn left at the second turning. 在第二個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)彎處左轉(zhuǎn)。(4)You will find it on your right. 你會(huì)在你右邊發(fā)現(xiàn)它。(5)It is about one hundred meters from here. 離這里大約一百米遠(yuǎn)。(6)Youd better take a bus. 你最好坐公交車去。（Youd better+動(dòng)詞原形）(7) Its across from（在.的對(duì)面）/near/in front of/next to(8)You cant miss it. 你一定能找到的。練習(xí)題單項(xiàng)選擇 ( )1. Im hungry. Me too. Lets find a _ to eat some food. A. libraryB. Bank C. restaurantD. post office( )2. Go down Park Street and the bank is _ your right. A. onB. inC. atD. of ( )3. _ to the restaurant is a 5-star hotel. A. NextB. AcrossC. BetweenD. Front( )4.11宜賓中考John is standing _ Gina and Jim. A. atB. duringC. betweenD. in( )5. This quiet park is a good place _. A. studyB. studysC. studyingD. to study( )6. The _ of the movie is very scary. A. beginB. beginsC. beginning D. to begin( )7. When can you _ America? A. arrive inB. arrive atC. arriveD. get( )8.11江津中考There _ only one doctor in the hospital today. A. isB. hasC. haveD. Are( )9. I hope you have a great trip to Hong Kong. _.A. OKB. GoodC. Thank youD. Thats right完成句子1. 在銀行的對(duì)面有一家旅館。_ _ a hotel _ _ the bank. 2. 讓我們到公園散步吧。 Lets _ _ _ in the park. 3. 你可以在花園里玩得很開(kāi)心。 You can _ _ in the garden. 4. 你知道去超市的路嗎？ Do you know _ _ _ the supermarket? 5. 沿著解放大街走，它就在你的前邊。_ _ Jiefang Street. Its _ _ _ you. Unit3 知識(shí)點(diǎn)1. let sb do sth.讓某人做某事 let him go 讓他走吧。2.稍微、有點(diǎn) kind of=a bit =a little 有點(diǎn)有趣kind of interesting 有點(diǎn)懶kind of lazy 非常含羞very shy 一種a kind of. 各種各樣的. all kinds of. 3. 來(lái)自南非be/come from South Africa4. 對(duì)某人友好be friendly/kind to sb 和某人友好相處be friendly with sb5. 喜歡做某事（習(xí)慣性的）like doing sth 喜歡做某事（偶爾一次的、未發(fā)生的）like to do sth6. 保持安靜be/keep quiet 害怕.be afraid of.7. 在白天during/in the day 在白天睡覺(jué)sleep during the day 在晚上at night 8. 每天every day 每天的日常的everyday 起床get up 吃葉子eat leaves, leaf復(fù)數(shù)leaves, thief-thieves, wife-wives, wolf-wolves) 吃肉eat meat meat肉，grass草， 為不可數(shù)名詞，表示“許多”時(shí)，使用much來(lái)修飾，即：much meat, much grass 9. 和某人玩耍play with sb. 和朋友一起玩play with ones friends (my,your,his,her,our,their)10.形容詞：可愛(ài)的，聰明的cute 聰明的，漂亮的smart 丑陋的，難看的ugly 懶惰的，懶散的lazy 聰明的，機(jī)靈的clever 友好的friendly 美麗的；美好的beautiful 害羞的；羞澀的shy 其他的；另外的other 饑餓的hungry 骯臟的 dirty 清潔的，干凈的clean 寧?kù)o的quiet 開(kāi)著的，營(yíng)業(yè)中的open 關(guān)著的，停業(yè)中的close 11.動(dòng)物名詞 貓cat 家鼠mouse 狗dog 鴨duck 蛇snake 馬horse 豬pig 羊sheep 兔子rabbit 狐貍fox 狼wolf 獅子lion 考拉koala 猴monkey 老虎tiger 大象elephant 海豚dolphin 熊貓panda 企鵝penguin 長(zhǎng)頸鹿giraffe 12.他12歲He is twelve years old.他是個(gè)12歲的男孩 He is a twelve-year-old boy.13.Lets see the koalas first.首先讓我們看樹(shù)袋熊吧！14. Why do you like dolphin？你為什么喜歡海豚？ Because theyre very clever.因?yàn)樗麄兎浅Ｂ斆鳌?Why do you want to see the lions?你為什么想去看獅子？15.Why does he like elephants?他為什么喜歡大象？Because theyre kind of interesting.因?yàn)樗麄冇悬c(diǎn)兒有趣。16.Wherere lions from? 獅子來(lái)自哪兒？ Theyre from South Africa.他們來(lái)自南美洲。17.What other animals do you like？你喜歡哪些別的動(dòng)物？ I like penguins. Because theyre friendly and cute.我喜歡企鵝。因?yàn)樗麄冇押煤涂蓯?ài)。18.Molly likes to play with her friends and eat grass.莫莉喜歡和她的朋友們玩耍和吃草。19.He sleeps during the day, but at night he gets up and eats leaves.他白天睡覺(jué)，但是他晚上起床并吃葉子。20.He usually sleeps and relaxes 20 hours every day. 他通常每天睡覺(jué)休息20個(gè)小時(shí)。練習(xí)題單項(xiàng)選擇( )1. Look, that is _ elephant from Africa. A. aB. anC. theD. /( )2. That little animal is very _. Please dont talk here. A. shyB. friendlyC. cuteD. ugly( )3. Some monkeys are not friendly _ us. They take away our fruits. A. toB. withC. forD. of( )4. Pandas like eating _ and elephants like eating _. A. leafs; grass B. leaves; grass C. leaf; grass D. leaf; grasses( )5. My mother often tells me not to play _ bad boys. A. onB. inC. withD. at( )6.1