虛擬語(yǔ)氣課件(經(jīng)典).ppt

SubjunctiveMood Wemetinthisroom DocometothemeetingnextFriday IfIwereyou Iwouldstudyhard 陳述語(yǔ)氣 祈使語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 虛擬語(yǔ)氣是一種特殊的動(dòng)詞形式 一是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話人所說(shuō)的話不是一個(gè)事實(shí) 而是一種假設(shè) 猜測(cè) 愿望等 在條件從句中或讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中 一是表示說(shuō)話人的愿望 要求 命令 建議等 在賓語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的概念 虛擬語(yǔ)氣的主要內(nèi)容 一 非真實(shí)條件句 if等 中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣時(shí)態(tài)一致2 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句3 if省略用倒裝句4 含蓄條件句5 Ifonly感嘆二 名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 賓語(yǔ)從句 主語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句 同位語(yǔ)從句三 幾種特殊的虛擬語(yǔ)氣句式wish asif though wouldrather It stime It snecessary strange matural inportant that從句 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 1 IfIhad5000yuan Iwouldbuyacomputer 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 2 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 3 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadeamistake 4 Ifhehadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反 與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反 一 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在條件句中 If 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 動(dòng)詞be用were 主語(yǔ) should would might could 動(dòng)詞原形 If 主語(yǔ) had 過(guò)去分詞 主語(yǔ) should would might could havedone 1 If 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式2 If 主語(yǔ) wereto 動(dòng)詞原形3 If 主語(yǔ) should 動(dòng)詞原形 主語(yǔ) should wouldmight could 動(dòng)詞原形 小小順口溜虛擬語(yǔ)氣并不難 從句時(shí)態(tài)都提前 主句would加在前 注意動(dòng)詞要還原 省略if要倒裝 e g 1 IfIwereinyourshoes Iwouldaccepttheterms 2 Ifwehadleftearlier wewouldn thavemissedthetrain 3 IwishIwereascleverasyou 1 IfIwereabird Iwouldflyinthesky 2 IfIhadtakenyouradvice Iwouldn thavemadethemistake 3 IfIhadbeenthere itwouldn thavehappened 4 Ifitrainedtomorrow wewouldnotgoshopping 5 Hewasshakingwithfrightasifhehadseenaghost a Ifthey be here they take youradvice b Iftheworld war burst outagain what happen toourpeopleonearth were wouldtake burst wouldhappen PRACTICE1 Fillintheblanks Ifhe drive morecarefully he nothave thecaraccidentyesterday haddriven wouldnothavehad 2 錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間的虛擬句通常情況下 在非真實(shí)條件句中主句和從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所指時(shí)間是一致的 但有時(shí)也可能指不同的時(shí)間 這時(shí)要根據(jù)上下文的意思采用不同的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式 1 IfIwereyou Iwouldhavetakenhisadvice 從句指現(xiàn)在 主句指過(guò)去 2 IfIhadtakenmyraincoatwithmethismorning Iwouldnotbewetnow 從句指過(guò)去 主句指現(xiàn)在 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 3 省略if的條件從句當(dāng)從句中有were had或should時(shí) 可省略if 而把它們放在句首 IfIweretomeethimtomorrow Ishouldaskhimaboutit WereItomeethimtomorrow Ifheshouldfailintheexperimentthistime hewouldtryagain Shouldhefailintheexperiment Ifyouhadcomeafewminutesearlier youwouldhavemethim 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在在條件從句中 Hadyoucomeafew 4 without butfor or和otherwise構(gòu)成虛擬 butfor要不是 or否則 含蓄條件句 1 Withoutsunlight therewouldbenolifeonourplanet 2 Butforyourhelp Iwouldn thavefinishedthework 3 Iwasillthatday otherwise Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet 副詞 4 Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit 連詞 2 用于表示命令 建議 要求等一類詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句 insist order command suggest advise propose require request demand desireetc Wesuggestedthatthemeeting should beputoff Theyinsistedthattheboy should gowiththem 注意 suggest當(dāng)表示 暗示 表明 講時(shí) insist表示 堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為 之意時(shí) 應(yīng)用陳述語(yǔ)氣 Thesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathewassatisfiedwithourwork Themaninsistedthathehadneverstolenthemoney 他臉上的表情表明他對(duì)我們的工作很滿意 那個(gè)人堅(jiān)持說(shuō)他沒(méi)有偷錢 在suggestion proposal order plan advice idea request等名詞后的表語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)從句中要用 should 動(dòng)詞原形 should可以省略 2 用于表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句 Myideaisthatwe should thinkitoverbeforeacceptingit Mysuggestionthatwe should haveameetinghasbeenacceptedbyothers Weallagreetothatsuggestionthatthemeeting should beputoff 二 名詞性從句的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 主要是表示命令 要求 建議的虛擬語(yǔ)氣 賓語(yǔ)從句 常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞 一個(gè)堅(jiān)持 insist兩個(gè)命令 order command三個(gè)建議 advise suggest propose五個(gè)要求 demand require request desireask 這些動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣用法 即從句中的動(dòng)詞使用should 動(dòng)詞原形 或者將should省略 虛擬語(yǔ)氣在 在賓語(yǔ)從句中 注意 insist suggest各有兩意思 要用不同的語(yǔ)氣 表 堅(jiān)決要求 虛擬 should do 表 堅(jiān)稱 堅(jiān)持說(shuō) 陳述語(yǔ)氣 表事實(shí) 表 建議 虛擬 should do 表 表明 暗示 用陳述語(yǔ)氣 1 Theteachersuggestedthatwe moreafterclass 我們課后多練習(xí) 2 Thelookonherfacesuggestedthatshe happy3 Heinsistedthatallofus thereontimebyanymeans 我們大家想盡辦法按時(shí)去那兒 4 Heinsistedthathe thewallet 沒(méi)有偷錢包 insist suggest should practise was shouldbe didn tsteal 我們建議Tom去休息一下 他堅(jiān)決要求我到場(chǎng) 國(guó)王命令囚犯明天要實(shí)施死刑 他們要求我們派他們?nèi)ツ莾汗ぷ?WesuggestedthatTomhavearest HeinsistedthatI should bepresent Thekingorderedthattheprisonersbekilledthenextday Theyrequestedthatwe should sendthemtoworkthere 以上動(dòng)詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句包括主語(yǔ)從句 表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句也要使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 從句中的動(dòng)詞形式一樣 即 should V order advice suggestion proposal demand request desire It ssuggestedthattheplanMydemandisthatshetoseemeonceaweek Wearefortheadvicethatthefactorycloseddown becarriedout shouldcome shouldbe wish后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中 一般用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 表示一種不可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望 其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式為 表現(xiàn)在過(guò)去時(shí)表過(guò)去過(guò)去完成時(shí)表將來(lái)would might could 動(dòng)詞原形 Iwish that Iwereabird Iwish that Ihadseenthefilmlastnight Iwish that Iwould couldgo 三 虛擬語(yǔ)氣特殊句型 1 wish的賓語(yǔ)從句 現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去時(shí) were 過(guò)去 過(guò)去完成時(shí)未來(lái) would could might V should IwishIastallasyou were Iwisheverydaymybirthday were Iwish wishedIeatensomuchwatermelon 2 表示對(duì)過(guò)去情況的虛擬 從句動(dòng)詞常用 had 過(guò)去分詞 hadn t Iwishitraintomorrow would Helooksasifhedrunk Theytalkedasiftheyfriendsforyears Shelovesthebabyasifitherownson Irememberedthewholethingasifityesterday were hadhappened hadbeen were 2 Asif though和wish用法相同 3 wouldrather that 現(xiàn)在 將來(lái) 過(guò)去 Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow Iwouldratheryouhadgone too Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow 過(guò)去時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 3 It s about high time that should V 過(guò)去時(shí) 我們?cè)撊ニX(jué)了 It stimethatwe It stimethatwetobed Should不可省略 wenttobed shouldgo 4 Ifonly 要是就好了IfonlyIknewhisname Ifonlywehadfollowedyouradvice IfonlyIweretoseehimagain 要是我們的父母和我們住在一起就好了 要是我沒(méi)錯(cuò)過(guò)火車就好了 Ifonlyourparentslivedwithus IfonlyIhadn tmissedthetrain 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 Alan thepartyifhehadgonetoLondon A wouldhavemissedB hadmissedC wouldmissD missed2 Itwasthedrug notthedisease thatkilledtheboy Hewouldbestillalivetodayifhe thatdrug A nottakeB hadn ttakenC didn ttakeD shouldn thavetaken Exercises 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 3 IfonlyI tomyparents ButIdidn t A listenedB hadlistenedC shouldlistenD wouldlisten4 TomsuggestedthatAnn thehouse A sellB soldC shallsellD wouldsell5 Iwishthisbus totheuniversity A goB wentC hasgoneD hadgone 虛擬語(yǔ)氣 9 HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing No butIwishI A haveB willC doD had10 Idon tthinkitistherighttimethatyou A willgoB wentC goD mustgo11 Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater itlooksasifit A breaksB hasbrokenC werebrokenD hadbeenbroken 1 Ifmyfather herenow he tellmewhattodo A were wouldBwere willCis wouldDwas will2 IfI abee I workmuchharder Awere wou