04-10高考英語(yǔ)單選題真題分類匯編(答案及詳情解析) 名.docx

好老師在線,優(yōu)質(zhì)教育導(dǎo)航者! 提供高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)（一）名詞和冠詞第一章 名詞與冠詞第一部分 近年高考題薈萃2009年高考題1. (09安徽31) China has got a good for fighting against the flu with its careful and smooth organization.A. reputation B. influence C. impression D. knowledge 答案 A2. (09福建29) The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April, 2009.A. delay B. effort C. schedule D. consideration 答案 A解析 名詞詞義辨析。delay：耽擱，延誤；effort：努力；schedule：時(shí)間表；consideration：考慮，體諒；關(guān)心。題干意思是：當(dāng)H1N1型2009年4月襲擊墨西哥時(shí)，世界衛(wèi)生組織毫不猶豫地向人們提出了警告。選A。3. (09湖北25)Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _ building.A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character 答案 D解析 根據(jù)常識(shí)便可知運(yùn)動(dòng)既可增強(qiáng)體質(zhì)也可強(qiáng)健個(gè)性，不會(huì)增強(qiáng)尊敬或名聲，友誼可以增強(qiáng)，但與前面health不搭配，故答案為character。4. (09湖北26) In our class, when the bell rang and the teacher closed his book, it was a _ for everyone to stand up.A. signal B. chance C. mark D. measure 答案 A. 解析 根據(jù)句意可知打鈴及老師合上書本，這是下課的暗示，選項(xiàng)中只能選擇signal。chance“機(jī)會(huì)”，mark“分?jǐn)?shù)，痕跡”，measure“方法，措施”。5. (09江西23) The _ shoes were covered with mud, so I asked them to take them off before they got into _ car.A. girls; Toms B. girls; Toms C. girls; Toms D. girls; Toms 答案 C 解析 名詞所有格形式。根據(jù)題干后半部分的them可知對(duì)應(yīng)復(fù)數(shù)girls。此題較易6. (09海南32) Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to them too hard.A. draw B. strike C. rush D. push 答案 D解析 句意為：鼓勵(lì)你的孩子去嘗試新事物,但不要把它們太難了。push 推，擠，逼迫；strike v. 打,罷工,劃燃rush v. 沖進(jìn),匆促行事,催draw v. 拉,拖,挨近,提取,畫,繪制。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選D。7. (09山東29)He says that my new car is a _ of money.Dont you think those words are just sour grapes?A. lack B. load C. question D. waste 答案 D 解析 考查單詞的區(qū)別：lack缺乏；load負(fù)擔(dān)；question疑問；waste 浪費(fèi)；根據(jù)句意，尤其是下句的sour grapes(酸葡萄)可知答案選D。8. (09陜西20) Form their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A. stage B. position C. condition D. situation 答案 B 解析 名詞詞義辨析；stage：舞臺(tái)，時(shí)期，階段；position：位置；condition：條件，情況；situation：形式，情況；情景；根據(jù)空前的物主代詞their可以推斷出此處選B。題干意思是：從他們?cè)陔娨曀敳康奈恢?，游客們可以更好地看到這個(gè)城市的景色。9. (09天津1) Im trying to break the _ of getting up too late .A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. Leisure 答案 C10(09浙江6) The system has been designed to give students quick and easy _ to the digital resources of the library.A. access B. passageC. wayD. approach 答案 A11. (09安徽21) We can never expect bluer sky unless we create less polluted world. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 答案 A12. (09北京33) The biggest whale is _ blue whale, which grows to be about 29 meters longthe height of _ 9-story building. A. the; the B. a; a C. a; the D. the; a 答案 B13. (09江西25) Some people fear that _ air pollution may bring about changes in _ weather around the world. A. /; the B. the; / C. an; the D. the; a 答案 A 解析 考查冠詞用法。Air pollution 是抽象名詞這里是泛指，weather 這里是特指全球的氣候，根據(jù)the weather around the world 可知。14. (09海南22) Lets go to cinema-thatll take your mind off the problem for whileA. the; the B. the; a C. a; the D. a ; a 答案 B 解析 考查冠詞的用法go to the cinema 表示具體的某地，for a while 固定搭配，表示“一會(huì)兒”。15. (09陜西6) What pity that you couldnt be there to receive prize!A. a; a B. the; a C. a; the D. the; the 答案 C 解析 考查冠詞。第一空所填冠詞與上下文構(gòu)成固定句型what a pity that，用不定冠詞a；第二空后名詞表示表特指，用定冠詞the，選C。16. (09四川14) In order to find _ better job, he decided to study _ second foreign language. A. the; a B. a; a C. the; the D. a; the 答案 B 解析 考查冠詞的用法。該題的意思是：為了找到一個(gè)更好的工作，他決定再學(xué)習(xí)另外一門外語(yǔ)。第一空表示泛指；第二空用a +序數(shù)詞+名詞表示又一，再一。 7(09浙江2) I dont understand what the engineer means, but Ive got _ rough idea of _ project plan.A. the; a B. 不填; theC. the; 不填D. a; the 答案 D18. (09重慶26) Washing machines made by China have won worldwide attention and Haier has become popular name.A. a; the B. /; a C. /; the D. the; a 答案 B19. (09全國(guó)14) What I need is book that contains ABC of oil painting. A. a; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; an D. a; the 答案 D2008年高考題1.(08全國(guó)8)Its not good idea to drive for four hours without break.A.a;a B.the;aC.the;the D.a;the 答案 A解析 本題考查冠詞。句意為：開車四個(gè)小時(shí)而不休息不是一個(gè)好主意。第一空“一個(gè)好主意”是泛指；without a break是習(xí)慣用法，break也是泛指。2.(08天津11)Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _ _ like coal， gas and oil. A. fuels B. articles C. goods D. products 答案 A解析 coal，gas and oil均為“燃料(fuels)”。3.(08安徽24)To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten，the students in our school started a discussion“Save Our ”.A.Sky B.Life C.Arts D.Voices 答案 D解析 由語(yǔ)境可知，此處指人類的語(yǔ)言，而語(yǔ)言是人類說的，因此用voices，而不用其他選項(xiàng)。4.(08江西27)Shall we go out for a walk?Sorry.This is not the right to invite me.I am too tired to walk.A.moment B.situationC.place D.chance 答案 A解析 句意為：我們出去散散步好嗎？對(duì)不起，這不是邀請(qǐng)我的合適的時(shí)間，我太累了而不想去散步。A項(xiàng)“某一時(shí)刻，片刻”；B項(xiàng)“情形，狀況”；C項(xiàng)“地方”；D項(xiàng)“機(jī)會(huì)”。5.(08江西30)I am so sorry to have come late for the meeting.It is not your fault.With rush-hour traffic and heavy rain，it is no wonder you were late.A.a; a B.the; the C./; / D./; a 答案 B解析 句意為：開會(huì)來晚了我非常抱歉。這不是你的錯(cuò)，這正是上下班的高峰期而且又下了大雨，難怪你來晚了。第一個(gè)空特指高峰時(shí)間擁擠的交通；第二個(gè)空特指雙方所指的大雨。6.(08湖北21)The young man made a _ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation. A.predictionB.promiseC.planD.contribution 答案 B解析 句意為：這位年輕人向他的父母許諾說畢業(yè)之后他將努力自食其力。make a promise許諾，答應(yīng)，其后的that從句為同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說明先行詞promise的內(nèi)容，其他選項(xiàng)不合句意。7.(08湖北22)The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly . A.atmosphere B.state C.situation D.phenomenon 答案 A解析 句意為：這兩個(gè)國(guó)家的最高領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人在友好的氣氛中進(jìn)行交談。atmosphere氣氛，氛圍；state狀態(tài)；situation形勢(shì)，局面；phenomenon現(xiàn)象。8.(08湖南22)Have you heard news? The price of petrol is going up again!A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/ 答案 C解析 句意為：你聽說這消息了嗎？油價(jià)又上漲了！第一空特指下文的消息，應(yīng)用定冠詞the；第二空后的petrol為泛指，且是不可數(shù)名詞，故不用冠詞。9.(08陜西10)I ate sandwich while I was waiting for 20:08 train. A. the;a B. the;the C. a;the D. a;a 答案 C解析 sandwich是可數(shù)名詞，且在句中首次出現(xiàn)，表示泛指，其前須加不定冠詞；而“二十點(diǎn)零八分的火車”是特指的惟一的概念，故其前須加定冠詞the。10.(08四川8) In the United States，there is always flow of people to areas of country where more jobs can be found.A.a;theB.the;aC.the;theD.a;a 答案 A解析 句意為：在美國(guó)，總有人不斷地涌入鄉(xiāng)村地區(qū)，在那里可以找到更多的工作。a flow of表示“大量涌入（某地）”；the country/countryside表示“鄉(xiāng)村”，與定冠詞the連用。11.(08重慶27)In many places in China， bicycle is still popular means of transportation.A.a;theB./;aC.the;aD.the;the 答案 C解析 the+名詞表一類，后面用a修飾，指一種的方式。12.(08浙江2) _ apple fell from the tree and hit him on _ head.A. An;the B. The;the C. An;/ D. The;/ 答案 A解析 第一個(gè)空指一個(gè)蘋果，是泛指；第二個(gè)空考查hit sb. in/on the+部位，表示“擊打某人的某個(gè)部位”。13.(08浙江15)Dogs have a very good _ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.A. sense B. view C. means D. idea 答案 A解析 a sense of smell嗅覺。句意為：狗嗅覺靈敏，經(jīng)常被用來搜尋地震中的幸存者。14.(08福建32) Whats the of having a public open space where you cant eat，drink or even simply hang out for a while?A.senseB.matterC.caseD.opinion 答案 A解析 本題所設(shè)的語(yǔ)境是：有這樣一個(gè)你在那里不能吃、不能喝甚至不能動(dòng)的公共開放場(chǎng)所有什么意義呢？sense意義；matter問題，麻煩；case情況，問題；opinion意見，看法。四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只能A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。15.(08遼寧24)My neighbor asked me to go for _ walk， but I dont think Ive got _ energy.A. a;/B. the; theC. /;theD. a; the 答案 D解析 句意為：我的鄰居叫我去散步，但我認(rèn)為我沒有（那樣的）力氣。第一個(gè)空go for a walk為固定短語(yǔ)；第二個(gè)空特指散步用的力氣。16.(08山東21)We went right round to the west coast by sea instead of driving across continent.A.the;theB./;theC.the;/D./;/ 答案 B解析 by sea經(jīng)海路，by the sea在海邊；表示大陸、大洋等的名詞前通常加定冠詞the。17.(08江蘇21)Students should be encouraged to use Internet as resource.A./aB./;theC.the;theD.the;a 答案 D解析 the Internet因特網(wǎng)，為固定搭配；as a resource“作為一種資源”，此處用a表示泛指。18.(08山東34)I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale;it was a real .A.exchangeB.bargainC.tradeD.business 答案 B解析 bargain用作名詞時(shí)，意為“廉價(jià)貨，便宜貨”，a real bargain意為“真便宜”。2004-07年高考題A組1.(07天津12)One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living . A.billsB.expensesC.pricesD.charges 答案 B解析 句意為：一月1 000美元不是一筆財(cái)富，但是能幫助支付我的生活費(fèi)用。A項(xiàng)為“賬單”；B項(xiàng)為“花費(fèi)；費(fèi)用”；C項(xiàng)為“價(jià)格”;D項(xiàng)為“價(jià)格；索價(jià)”。2.(07上海43)My morning includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. A.drillB.action C.regulation D.routine 答案 D解析 drill操練;action行為;regulation規(guī)則，條例;routine慣例，常規(guī)。由句意可知D項(xiàng)正確。3.(07安徽32)The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common in many parts of the city. A.lookB.signC.sightD.appearance答案 C解析 sight風(fēng)景;look表情;sign跡象，現(xiàn)象;appearance出現(xiàn)，顯露。4.(07湖北23)Despite such a big difference in towards what one eats，there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special.A.pointB.ideaC.attitudeD.sight 答案 C解析 point點(diǎn);意義;idea主意，念頭;attitude態(tài)度，看法;sight視力。句意為:盡管對(duì)一個(gè)人的飲食的態(tài)度有著很大的不同，但是毫無(wú)疑問西方人把中國(guó)的飲食看作是某種特殊的東西。5.(07陜西12)He and his wife are of the same ;they both want their son to go to college.A.soulB.spiritC.heartD.mind 答案 D解析 本題考查名詞詞義辨析。soul心靈，靈魂;spirit精神;heart心，心臟;mind想法，主意;be of the same mind為固定短語(yǔ)，意為“對(duì)看法相同，主意一樣”，符合句意。6.(07浙江12)Of the seven days in a week，Saturday is said to be the most popular for a wedding in some countries.A.wayB.situationC.eventD.choice 答案 D解析 句意為:在某些國(guó)家，一周的七天里星期六是舉行婚禮最佳的日子。way方式，方法;situation狀況，處境;event事情，事件;choice挑選，選擇。根據(jù)題意，應(yīng)選D項(xiàng)。7.(07福建31)You are always full of .Can you tell me the secret?Taking plenty of exercise every day.A.powerB.strengthC.forceD.energy 答案 D解析 本題考查名詞詞義辨析。power權(quán)力，勢(shì)力；strength力氣，優(yōu)勢(shì);force力，武力;energy精力;be full of energy指“精力旺盛”，符合題意。8.(07遼寧25)Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a of exercise. A.limitB.lackC.needD.demand答案 B解析 a lack of缺乏。句意為：健康問題與不良的飲食習(xí)慣和缺少鍛煉密切相關(guān)。9.(06全國(guó)11)It is no arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind.A.useB.helpC.timeD.why 答案 B解析 本題考查名詞辨析。句意為：和比爾爭(zhēng)辯是沒用的，因?yàn)樗麖膩聿粫?huì)改變主意的。應(yīng)用句型Its no use doing sth.= Its useless doing sth.。10.(06天津15)Finding information in todays world is easy.The is how you can tell whether the informationyou get is useful or not. A.abilityB.competitionC.challenge D.knowledge 答案 C解析 句意為:在當(dāng)今世界找到信息很容易，難題在于你如何判斷你所獲取的信息是否有用。challenge挑戰(zhàn)，（具有挑戰(zhàn)性或刺激性的）任務(wù);ability能力；competition競(jìng)賽。11.(06浙江17)If you like I can do some shopping for you.Thats a very kind .A.offerB.serviceC.pointD.suggestion 答案 A解析 本題考查名詞的用法。offer意為“提議，提供，提出”；service服務(wù)；point意義；點(diǎn)；suggestion建議。句意為：如果你喜歡的話，我可以給你買點(diǎn)東西。那是個(gè)好的提議。12.(06福建35)Always read the on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. A.explanationsB.instructions C.descriptions D.introductions 答案 B解析 考查名詞用法。instructions說明書;explanations解釋;descriptions描述;introductions介紹。13.(06湖北21)To make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their and weaknesses. A.strengthB.benefitsC.techniquesD.values 答案 A解析 考查詞義辨析。此外strength表示“優(yōu)勢(shì)、優(yōu)點(diǎn)”時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，其余三項(xiàng)與weakness(弱點(diǎn))搭配不恰當(dāng)。14.(06江西28)It is said that dogs will keep you for as long as you want when you are feeling lonely. A.safetyB.companyC.houseD.friend 答案 B解析 題意為：據(jù)說當(dāng)你感到孤獨(dú)時(shí)，只要你需要，狗都會(huì)一直陪伴你。safety安全;company伙伴；house房屋；friend朋友。keep sb. company陪伴某人，根據(jù)題意選B項(xiàng)。15.(05遼寧27) The head office of the bank is in Beijing，but it has all over the country. A.companiesB.branchesC.organizationsD.businesses答案 A解析 本題考查名詞的區(qū)別。company公司；organization組織；business商業(yè)，買賣；branch分支，分部，分店等。故選B項(xiàng)。 16.(05安徽28)My of this weekends activity is going out with some good friends.A.idea B.opinionC.mindD.thought解析 本題考查名詞的區(qū)別。idea主意，想法，打算；opinion觀點(diǎn)，表示對(duì)某事情的評(píng)論；mind思維，心思；thought想法。根據(jù)題意“我打算本周末與好朋友一起外出?！边xA答案。 17.(05上海43) He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen as its best when he worked with others.A.temperB.appearanceC.talent D.character 答案 D解析 句意為：在與別人共事時(shí)，他證明了自己是真正的紳士，同時(shí)他的人性美也得到了充分的展示。temper心情;脾氣；appearance外表，外貌；talent才能，天才。18.(05天津10) Bill was doing a lot of physical exercise to build up his . A.abilityB.forceC.strengthD.mind 答案 C解析 本題考查名詞同義詞的辨析。ability能力；force暴力，武力；strength體力，力氣；mind智力；精神。句意為：比爾正在做大量運(yùn)動(dòng)，目的是增強(qiáng)他的體力。19.(04全國(guó)28)The face of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a of 60 miles.A.lengthB.distanceC.wayD.space 答案 B解析 length長(zhǎng)度；distance距離；way道路；space空間，太空。根據(jù)句子的意思，答案選B項(xiàng)，指離那兒60英里遠(yuǎn)的地方。20.(04湖北21)Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within of little children.A.handB.reachC.spaceD.distance 答案 B解析hand支配；reach夠得著的地方；space空間；distance距離。根據(jù)句意，答案選B項(xiàng)。B組1.(07全國(guó)19)Could you tell me the way to Johnsons，please?Sorry，we dont have Johnson here in the village.A.the；theB.the;aC./；theD.the；/2.(07北京22)I looked under bed and found book I lost last week.A.the;aB.the;theC./;theD.the;/ 答案 B解析 bed為特指，指雙方都知道的那張床;故用定冠詞the;book后有定語(yǔ)從句I lost last week，故也為特指“上周丟的那本書”。3.(07天津3) I wanted to catch early train，but couldnt get ride to the station.A.an；theB./;theC.an;/D.the;a 答案 D解析 句意為：我想趕上早班火車，但沒趕上去車站的車。第一空有形容詞early修飾，應(yīng)為特指；第二空泛指去車站的車。4.(07江西26)Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.A.a;/B.the;aC.the;theD./;a 答案 A解析 diet可作可數(shù)名詞，go on a diet為固定搭配“節(jié)食;吃健康的食品”;make room for為留機(jī)會(huì)或余地，其中room為不可數(shù)名詞。5.(07湖南23) Polar bears live mostly on sea ice，which they use as platform for hunting seals.A.a;aB.a;theC./;aD.the;/ 答案 C解析 sea ice為物質(zhì)名詞，因此其前不加冠詞;platform講臺(tái);平臺(tái)，為可數(shù)名詞，在此為泛指“一種平臺(tái)”。6.(07四川22)How about taking short break?I want to make call. A.the;aB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a 答案 D解析 have/take a break休息一下，為固定短語(yǔ)。make a call打電話，是習(xí)慣用法。7.(07重慶24) George couldnt remember when he first met Mr.Anderson，but he was sure it was Sunday because everybody was at church. A./;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;a 答案 C解析 a Sunday某個(gè)星期天;at church做禮拜，為固定短語(yǔ)。句意為：但他確定那是個(gè)周日，因?yàn)榇蠹叶荚谧龆Y拜。8.(07浙江4)I like color of your skirt.It is good match for your blouse. A.a;theB.a;aC.the;aD.the;the 答案 C解析 本題考查冠詞?！澳闳棺拥念伾笔翘刂?，應(yīng)用the;“與你的襯衣是很好的搭配”表泛指用a。9.(07福建22)How about Christmas evening party?I should say it was success.A.a;aB.the;aC.a;/D.the;/ 答案 B解析 Christmas evening party特指雙方都知道的圣誕晚會(huì)，是特指;而success前加a，表示成功的人或事，是將抽象名詞具體化了。10.(07遼寧21) Christmas is special holiday when whole family are supposed to get together. A.the;theB.a;aC.the;aD.a;the 答案 D解析 第一個(gè)空白處填a表示“類別”；the whole family特指“一家人”。11.(07江西26)Many people have come to realize that they should go on balanced diet and make room in their day for exercise.A.a; /B.the; a C.the; theD./; a 答案 A解析 分析句子可知，第一個(gè)空用a表示“一種”，某些不可數(shù)的抽象名詞前用a/an表示某種具體的情況或概念。如：a great pleasure。第二個(gè)空不用冠詞，make room騰出空間/時(shí)間，room在此為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“時(shí)間”。12.(07山東21) walk is expected to last all day，so bring packed lunch. A.A;aB.The;/C.The;aD.A;/ 答案 C解析 第一個(gè)空格處表特指，即預(yù)料到這次步行要花費(fèi)一整天的時(shí)間，所以就帶了一份盒飯作為午飯。表示一日三餐的名詞前通常不加冠詞，但當(dāng)與形容詞連用時(shí)，則需要加不定冠詞。13.(06全國(guó)30) Hello，could I speak to Mr.Smith?Sorry，wrong number.There isnt Mr.Smith here.A./B.aC.theD.one 答案 B解析 此題考查冠詞的用法。句意為：您好，我可以與史密斯先生講話嗎？對(duì)不起，您撥錯(cuò)號(hào)碼了，此處沒有一位叫史密斯的先生。故此處泛指“任何一個(gè)叫史密斯的人”，one用來強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)量，不合要求，故答案為B項(xiàng)。14.(06全國(guó)19)I know you dont like music very much.But what do you think of music in the film we saw yesterday?A./;/B.the;theC.the;/D./;the 答案 D解析 在第一空中，music是不可數(shù)名詞為泛指，因此不用任何冠詞;第二空特指我們看的電影中的音樂，因此加the。15.(06遼寧21) Of all reasons for my decision to become a university professor，my fathers advice was most important one.A.the;aB./;aC./;theD.the;the 答案 D解析 成為大學(xué)教授的原因，為有所指，因此第一空為定冠詞。第二空因?yàn)橛械谝豢盏姆秶鷒f all the reasons，故第二空為最高級(jí)，填定冠詞。16.(06湖南22)In review of 44 studies，American researchers found that men and women who ate six key foods daily cut the risk of heart disease by 76%.A.a;theB.the;aC.a;/D./;a 答案 C解析 review是可數(shù)名詞，表示泛指要用不定冠詞a。heart disease心臟病，前面不加冠詞。17.(06重慶25)Everywhere man has cut down forests in order to grow crops，or to use wood as fuel or as building material.A.the;theB.the;/C./;theD./;/ 答案 C解析 本題考查冠詞的用法。第一空為可數(shù)名詞表類別，有三種形式，一是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前加不定冠詞，二是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)前加定冠詞，三是用可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)不加冠詞。第二空指砍下的木材、材料，因此應(yīng)加定冠詞。18.(06山東21) For him stage is just means of making a living. A.a;aB.the;aC.the;theD.a;the 答案 B解析 stage在該句中表示“從藝”，是一個(gè)抽象概念，其前不可加不定冠詞；means為單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，由句意可知此處應(yīng)表示“一種方式”，用a means of。19.(06陜西15) According to World Health Organization，health care plans are needed in all big cities to prevent spread of AIDS. A.the;/B.the;theC.a;aD./;the 答案 B