2012閱讀理解試題探究與對策2

20122012 高考閱讀理解部分高考閱讀理解部分 猜測詞義題型猜測詞義題型 探究與對策探究與對策 授課人 漢川一中高三英語組授課人 漢川一中高三英語組 王麗王麗 Teaching aims 1 Teach the students how to guess the meanings of new words 2 Help the students develop their reading ability and learn to use some reading strategies of guessing 3 Develop the students spirit of cooperation and teamwork Important difficult points Get the students to master the methods of guessing new words Teaching methods 1 Individual pair or group work to make every student work in class 2 Discussing summarizing and practicing Teaching Aids Multi media and other normal teaching tools Teaching procedures Step 1 Greetings Step 2 Lead in 1 Ask the students to guess the meaning of the Chinese word 囧 2 Ask the students to discuss the right way to know the meanings of words 3 Teaching background Step 3 Methods of guessing 1 Word formation 構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法 派生 合成等派生 合成等 1 Guess the meanings of the following prefixes retell minibus overweight prearrange superstar semicircle enrich telescope disagree 2 Do you know the following suffixes er or ian ist ese ess ment tion ness sion al ble ful ish ive ous en ize ify 3 Practice He fell into a ditch and lay there semiconscious for a few minutes Five million more families in sub Saharan Africa will get a TV over the next five years In 2005 after the fall of theTaliban 塔利班 which had outlawed TV 1 in 5 Afghans had one 2010 福建 福建 Q The underlined word outlawed probably means A allowed B banned C offered D refused 2 Definition or explanation 定義或解釋法定義或解釋法 對生詞以定義 同位語 定語從句 舉例等方式加以解釋和說明 對生詞以定義 同位語 定語從句 舉例等方式加以解釋和說明 1 A carpenter can be defined as a person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects 2 Modern medicine began with the stethoscope a medical tool used for listening to the movements of a person s lungs and his heartbeats 3 Yet shopkeepers may have to spend extra hours to deal with problems such as shoplifters who always take away things from the shop without paying for them Q What does the word shoplifter mean A 商店里的小偷 B 商店里的推銷員 C 商店里的老客戶D 商店里的搬運(yùn)工 4 On the farm they mainly raise poultry such as chickens ducks and geese for their eggs and meat 5 Of course the good of oxen is not limited to plowing 犁 In fact they are seen as boats on land for their ability to carry loads Besides the whole body of an ox is full of treasures Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes With all these qualities oxen are regarded as generous creatures 2009 安徽 安徽 Q The words boats on land underlined refer to A animals for taking goodsB creatures for pulling plows C treasures of the folk cultureD tools in the farming economy 3 Similarity 相似法相似法 在生詞所出現(xiàn)的上下文中 有時會出現(xiàn)與之同義或近義的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu) 這時在生詞所出現(xiàn)的上下文中 有時會出現(xiàn)與之同義或近義的詞語或結(jié)構(gòu) 這時 可以從熟悉的詞語中推知生詞的含義 其中常見的是在詞或短語中間有并列連可以從熟悉的詞語中推知生詞的含義 其中常見的是在詞或短語中間有并列連 詞詞 andand 連接 連接 1 Doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health They also regard drinking as harmful 2 When I first got an email account ten years ago I received communications only from family friends and colleagues Now it seems that every time I check my e mail I have an endless series of advertisement and other correspondence that do not interest me at all If we want e mail to continue to be useful we need special laws that make spamming 發(fā)送垃圾郵件 a crime 2010 陜西 陜西 Q What does the underlined word correspondence probably mean A Messages B ideas C connections D programs 3 I had always traveled to Malaysia by plane or car so this was the first time I was on a train I did not particularly relish the long train journey and had brought along a dozen magazines to read and reread I looked about the train There was not one familiar face I sighed and sat down to read my Economics 2010 新課標(biāo)全國卷 新課標(biāo)全國卷 Q Which of the following words can best take the place of the word relish A choose B enjoy C prepare for D carry on 4 Contrast 對比法對比法 我們可以根據(jù)生詞或難詞的反義詞猜測詞義 表示對比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語主要我們可以根據(jù)生詞或難詞的反義詞猜測詞義 表示對比關(guān)系的詞匯和短語主要 有 有 though unlike but however despite in spite of while 等引導(dǎo)或連接的句子 等引導(dǎo)或連接的句子 1 Unlike his brother who is truly a handsome man John is quite homely 2 There was a gardener who looked after his garden with great care To water his flowers he used two buckers One was a shiny and new bucket The other was a very old and dilapidated one Which had seen many years of service but was now past its best 2011 重慶 重慶 Q What does the underlined word dilapidated probably mean A Dirty B Dark C Worn out D Plain looking 5 Cause and effect 因果法因果法 我們可以利用兩個事物 現(xiàn)象之間構(gòu)成的因果關(guān)系推知生詞詞義 常用的關(guān)聯(lián)我們可以利用兩個事物 現(xiàn)象之間構(gòu)成的因果關(guān)系推知生詞詞義 常用的關(guān)聯(lián) 詞有 詞有 because as since for so thus as a result therefore so that 等 等 1 The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow 2 Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others Q From the passge we can infer that the word autocratic mean A friendly to others B modest and kindly C sticking to one s own opinion D hard working Step 4 Further statement 考查代詞所指代的內(nèi)容考查代詞所指代的內(nèi)容 Example By the end of the seventeenth century when newspapers were beginning to be read by more people printed materials became an important way to promote products and services The London Gazette was the first newspaper to set aside a place just for advertising This was so successful for the purpose of making newspaper ads for mertchants 2011 全國卷 全國卷 Q What does the word This refer to A Advertising in newspapers B Including pictures in ads C Selling goods in markets D Working with ad agencies 考查詞組或句意考查詞組或句意 Example Howling interestingly is a contagious behaviour When one wolf starts to howl very likely others will follow This is often seen to occur in the morning as if wolves were doing some sort of roll call where wolves all howl togeter to report their presence 2011 湖北 湖北 Q Howling is a contagious behaviour means A howl