名詞性從句講解及練習.doc

名 詞 性 從 句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞從句(NounClauses）。名詞從句的功能相當于名詞詞組,它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語、介詞賓語等，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞從句又可分別稱為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類： 連接詞：that, whether, if, as if (不充當從句的任何成分) 連接代詞：what,whatever,who,whoever,whom, whose,which, whichever連接副詞：when,where,how,why （一）主語從句在復合句中做主語。引導詞有：連接詞whether, that; 連接代詞who, whom, what, whose,；連接副詞when, where, why, how以及由疑問詞+ ever構成的詞.注意：引導主語從句只能用whether不用if；that引導主語從句本身無意義也不在從句中充當句子成分，但不能省略。e.g. Whether well go swimming tomorrow depends on the weather.That he got the first prize surprised everyone.大部分連接詞引導的主語從句都可以置于句末，用it充當形式主語。 Itisnotimportantwhowillgo. Itisstillunknownwhichteamwillwinthematch.用it作形式主語的that-從句有以下四種不同的搭配關系： a.It+be+形容詞+that-從句 e.g. Itisnecessary/important/obviousthat有必要/ 重要的是/很明顯 b.It+be+-ed分詞+that-從句 e.g. Itisbelieved/knowntoall / said / reported that人們相信/眾所周知 Ithasbeendecidedthat已決定 c.It+be+名詞+that-從句 Itiscommonknowledge/ no wonder /a pity / a fact / a surprise that d.It+ doesnt matter / makes no difference that. e.g. It makes no difference whether he comes or not.（二）賓語從句在復合句中做賓語。引導詞有連接詞that, whether, if; 連接代詞what, who whom, which, whose連接副詞when, where, how, why以及由疑問詞+ ever構成的詞。其中，if和whether可以互換；但在做介詞的賓語時一般用whether；that引導賓語從句可以省略。e.g. He asked me whether/if I could help him. Ill give you however much money you want.Can you tell me where she has gone? We should find out whether the museum is open.如果賓語從句后有賓語補足語，則用it作形式賓語，從句后置。e.g. I find it strange that he has no textbook.動詞think, believe, suppose, expect, imagine, consider, fancy, guess等后接賓語從句，且主句主語為第一人稱時，從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句去。e.g. I dont think you are a good liar.（三）表語從句在句中做表語，引導詞有：that, whether, as if (好像), who, which, what, when, where, how, why.注意：引導表語從句只用whether不用if ; that不做句子成分但不能省略。e.g. That was just what I wanted. The questions is whether it worth doing.My suggestion is that you should take off your overcoat.It looks as if its going to rain.(四) 同位語從句在復合句中作同位語。其引導詞有:that, whether, how, when, where. 一般跟在某些抽象名詞的后面用以說明名詞所表示的具體內(nèi)容，如news, fact, message, information, promise, question, hope, thought, desire, idea, possibility等注意：that只起引導作用，不做句子成分，但不能省略；同位語從句中只用whether不用if.Mother made me a promise that she would buy me a new hat.My question how I shall get in touch with him hasnt been answered yet.不可省略的連詞： 1.介詞后的連詞 2.引導主語從句和同位語從句的連詞不可省略。 Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy. Weheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon. 比較：whether與if均為是否的意思。但在下列情況下，whether不能被if取代： 1.whether引導主語從句并在句首 Whether he will come is unknown.2.引導表語從句和同位語從句 The question is whether its worth doing. 3.whether從句作介詞賓語 We should find out whether the museum is open.4.從句后有ornot that 引導同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別：定語從句是對名詞進行修飾限制，同位語從句是對名詞具體內(nèi)容的闡述。that 在定語從句中可作主語或賓語（可省略），在同位語從句中不充當句子成分也不能省略。e.g. The story that / /which he told me may not be true. The story that he has made a fortune may not be true. 練習知識過關1. _I cant understand is _she wants to change her mind.A. What; why B.Which; how C.That; why D.What; because2. America was _was first called “India” by Columbus. A. what B. where C. the place D. there where3. It is said that the famous football star is willing to play for_would pay him three million dollars a year. A. anyone B. whomever C. no matter who D. whoever4. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _shares her interests. A. anyone B.whomever C .whoever D. no matter who5.It was a matter of_ would take the position. A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever6.It was in the year of 1991 _my brother entered the college. A. until B.that C.before D. what7. _happens to call while I am out of the office, please have him leave the message for me. A. who B. Anyone C. Someone D. Whoever8.-Would you like to have a swim with us in the sea? -I will ask my parents_.A. whether they will agree to go B. if they let me goC. if they will let me go D. whether they allow me to9. -Did you hear the news this morning?-Oh, yes, _was announced on the radio has caused great excitement among the pupils. A. that B. what C. something D. all what10. _his dream of going to college will come true is uncertain. A. That B. Whether C. If D. Even if11. I have no doubt _ he will finish the task in time. A. whether B. that C. if D. what 12. Its known to us _ there is pollution, there is harm. A. that B. where C. what D. that where13. _ is important to a person is _ he must know what he is fit for. A. It; what B.That; what C.It; that D. What; that 14. You have no idea _ those days. A. that we were how busy B. how busy were we C. that how we were busy D. how busy we were15. It was not until he got to the office_ he remembered_ the key home.A. when; leaving B. when; to leave C. that ; leaving D. that; to leave16. I didnt quite follow you. What was _ you just said about the place? A. where B. which C. that D. how17. _ gone is gone. _ no use talking about it anymore.A. Thats; Its B.Whats; Its C. Its; Thats D. Thats; Thats18. It was _ my father worked _ I work now. A. where; that B. wherever; where C. that; where D. that; that 19. -_ can I do with such a situation? - Take _ measure you consider best.A. How; whichever B. What; whatever C. How; whatever D. What; whichever20. _ she said suggested that she hadnt decided _ to go or not.A.What; if B.That; whether C. What; whether D.What; whichever21. _ do you think is the best doctor in the hospital?A. Whom B. What C. Who D. Whose 22. The reason _I plan to go is _ she will be disappointed _ I dont.A. why; because; when B. why; that; if C. because; that; if D. why; that; whether23. _ is known to us all is that the earth is smaller than the sun.A. What B. As C. Which D. It24. He made a promise _ anyone set him free he would make him very rich.A. that B. if C. what D. that if25. _ would like to devote his whole life to his country should go _ there are all kinds of difficulties.A. Who; somewhere B. Whoever; whereC. Whatever; anywhere D. Who; there26. It was only _ I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.A. that; when B. when; that C. until; when D. when; than 27. They lost their way in the forest and _made matters worse was _ night began to fall.A. what; that B. it; that C. what ; when D. which; what28. - Can I sit in the front now? - Yes. You can take _ seat you like.A. whatever B. what C. whichever D. which 29. We can give him _ help he wants.A. which B. every C. whatever D. that 30. I have the information _.A. of what hell come soon B. that hell come soonC. of that hell come soon D. his coming soon高考真題1. - I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.- Is that _ you had a few days off?A. why B. when C. what D. where2. _ is a fact that English si being accepted as an international language.A. There B.This C. That D. It3. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants.A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever4. _ well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where5. _ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A. Who B. The one C. Anyone D. Whoever6. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rules: Always give the monkey exactly _ he wants.A. what B. which C. that D. when7. _ we cant get seems better than _ we have.A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what8. _ caused the accident is still a complete mystery.A. What B. That C. How D. Where9. It was a matter of _ would take the position.A. who B. whoever C. whom D. whomever10. - Do you remember _ he came? - Yes, I do, he came by car.A. how B. when C. that D. if 11. _ you dont like him is none of my business.A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether12. It was about 600 years ago _the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.A. that B. until C. before D. when13. Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it.A. there B. where C. there where D. where there14. Remember _ this used to be a quiet village.A. when B. how C. where D. what 15.You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.A. how they were excited B. how excited they wereC. how excited were they D. they were how excited仿真訓練1. When I try to find _ that prevents so many people from taking part in the program, it seems to me that there are two main causes.A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is2. Do you know_ the peasants make of the fallen fruit?A. how B. how useful C. what D. what use3. -John has got a very good job in the government.- _he looks so happy .A. Its natural B. Thats because C. No wonder D. As though4. Water will continue to be _ it is today-next to oxygen in importance.A. how B. which C. as D. that 5. - Do you mind if Jim will come to help?- I really dont know _ a person like him can help me with.A. what B. that C. how D. if6. It was said _ was all _ he said.A. that that; that B. that that; what C. which it; that D. that what; that 7. I doubt _ he can speak English.A. if not B. when C. that D. whether 8. He was so angry at all _ she had done _ he walked out without a word.A. what; that B. that; that C. that; what D. what; what9. It was with great courage _ the boy told the truth _ he had stolen the money.A. which; that B. when; what C. as; that D. that; that10. _ seems strange to us is _ the troublesome boy is getting along well with all his teachers.A. It; that B. What; how C. It; how D. What; that 11. The girl asked if it was after he married Mary _ Mr Green