英語句子成分基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)及答案

1、英語句子成分講解及練習(xí)句子成分由詞、詞組或句子（從句）充當(dāng)英語的基本成分有七種：主語（subject）、謂語（predicate）、表語（predicative）、賓語（object）、定語（attribute）、狀語(adverbial)、補(bǔ)語（complement）。英語句子的基本結(jié)構(gòu)可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴(kuò)大、組合、省略或倒裝。一： （主謂）1. The sunrose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly二： （主系表）1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. Everything looks different. 4. He is growing tall and strong. 5. Our well has gone dry. 6. His face turned red. 三： （主謂賓）1. Who knows the answer? 2. He has refused to help them. 3. He enjoys reading. 4. He said，Good morning. 5. He admits that he was mistaken. 四： （主謂間賓直賓）1. She ordered herself a new dress. 2. He brought you a dictionary. 3. I showed him my pictures. 4. I told him that the bus was late. 5. He showed me how to run the machine. 五： （主謂賓賓補(bǔ)）1. The war made him a soldier.2. New methods make the job easy.3. I often find him at work.4. The teacher asked the students to close the windows.5. I saw a cat running across the road.（一）英語句子成分基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)(一). 指出下列句中主語的中心詞 The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. There is an old man coming here. The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. To do todays homework without the teachers help is very difficult.(二). 選出句中謂語的中心詞 I dont like the picture on the wall. A. dontB. like C. picture D. wall The days get longer and longer when summer comes. A. get B. longer C. days D. summer Do you usually go to school by bus? A. DoB. usually C. goD. bus There will be a meeting at the library this afternoon. A. will beB. meeting C. the library D. afternoon Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?A. DidB. twinsC. have D. breakfast Tom didnt do his homework yesterday. A. TomB. didntC. do D. his homework What I want to tell you is this. A. wantB. to tell C. you D. is We had better send for a doctor. A. WeB. hadC. send D. doctor He is interested in music. A. isB. interested C. in D. music Whom did you give my book to? A. giveB. did C. whom D. book(三) 挑出下列句中的賓語 My brother hasnt done his homework.AB CD People all over the world speak English. AB CD You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. AB CD How many new words did you learn last class? ABC D Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? AB C D The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.A B C D They made him monitor of the class.AB C D Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. A B C D You will find it useful after you leave school. A BCD They didnt know who Father Christmas really is.AB C (四) 挑出下列句中的表語 The old man was feeling very tired. A BC D Why is he worried about Jim? AB C D The leaves have turned yellow. A B CD Soon They all became interested in the subject. A B CD She was the first to learn about it. A BC D定語：定語是對(duì)名詞或代詞起修飾、限定作用的單詞、短語或句子，譯為的?？梢宰鞫ㄕZ的有：數(shù)詞、形容詞性物主代詞、形容詞、副詞、名詞、介詞結(jié)構(gòu)、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、從句。(五) 挑出下列句中的定語 They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. A B CD What is your given name?A BCD On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A B CD I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.A B C D The man downstairs was trying to sleep. AB CD I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!AB CD賓語補(bǔ)足語：位于賓語之后對(duì)賓語作出說明的成分。可以用作賓語補(bǔ)足語的有名詞，形容詞，副詞，介詞短語，不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞。(六) 挑出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語 She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. A B C D He asked her to take the boy out of school. A B C D She found it difficult to do the work. A B CD They call me Lily sometimes. A BC D I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus. A B CD Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? A BC D狀語為修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或全句的句子成分，說明方式、因果、條件、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、讓步、方向、程度、目的等(七) 挑出下列句中的狀語 There was a big smile on her face.A B CD Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A B CD He began to learn English when he was eleven. A B CD The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast. A B C D With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. A B CD She loves the library because she loves books. A BC D I am afraid that if youve lost it, you must pay for it. A B C D The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine.A B CD(八) 劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語 Please tell us a story. My father bought a new bike for me last week. Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. Did he leave any message for me?*同位語（appositive）同位語是句子成分。英語中同位語的定義或作用是：對(duì)某個(gè)名詞進(jìn)行解析說明詳細(xì)化。也就是說這個(gè)名詞和解析它的內(nèi)容是同等地位，表達(dá)內(nèi)容相同的。如:We Chinese are very smart.英語句子成分基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)答案 (一) teacher man dictiona