英語語法專題-----句子成分和基本句型

英語語法專題句子成分和基本句型,Grammar,名詞、形容詞、數詞、代詞、動詞、副詞在句中獨立承擔成分，我們稱之為實詞。介詞、連詞、冠詞不能在句中獨立擔任部分，只起輔助的作用，我們稱之為虛詞。,主語,謂語,賓語,狀語,定語,補語,表語,句子的成分,died.,Mycatdied.,主語句子的主體，發(fā)出動作的人或物，表示所說的是誰或是什么。主語一般放在句首，特殊句型中，在句末。,Hewasborninasmallvillage.,代詞,Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.,名詞,Theoldmantoldusastory.,名詞或短語,Monkeyeatsbananas.Itismybook.Oneand(plus)oneistwo.Hardworkingleadstosuccess.Tofinishhomeworkisamusttostudent.Whatmakestheteacherangryisthatheistalkinginclassagain.,名詞，代詞，數詞可以作做主語。動名詞，動詞不定式，句子也可以做主語，句子做主語叫主語從句,Mr.Green,Mr.Greendiedyesterday.,謂語說明主語的動作特征狀態(tài)等，即主語做什么、是什么、怎么樣等，由動詞或動詞短語構成.,Hearrived.Ilikeapples.itgetscold,不及物動詞,及物動詞,系表結構,系動詞(額外補充)亦稱連系動詞（LinkVerb）。作為系動詞，它本身有詞義，但不能單獨用作謂語，后邊必須跟表語（名詞或形容詞），構成系表結構說明主語的狀況、性質、特征等情況。,HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.,表語用來說明主語的身份、特征、狀態(tài)等，位于連系動詞后?？勺鞅碚Z的有名詞、代詞、形容詞、數詞、動詞不定式、介詞短語、分詞短語及從句等,HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.ThereasonisthatIstayeduplastnight.,名詞或短語,形容詞,句子,Ilike,Ilikeswimming,賓語是動作的承受者。及物動詞及相當于及物動詞的短語后都必須帶賓語。,Ilikeapples.Hegavemeabook.HelikestoplaybasketballWethinkpredictingthefutureishard.,名詞,代詞,名短,不定式,句子,賓語補足語（賓補）,有些及物動詞除了要有一個賓語之外,還須加上一個補足語。如果沒有補足語(賓補),有時候句子的意思就不完整。Healwaysmakesus_.,happy,定語修飾名詞或代詞的句子成分?？梢宰龆ㄕZ的有名詞、代詞、數詞、形容詞、動詞不定式、介詞短語、動名詞、分詞短語及從句等。形容詞作定語放在名詞之前，副詞或副詞短語時常放在名詞后,Whatalovelyday!Ihavealotofworktodo.Thisiaaswimmingpool.Therearetwobutterflies.Iknowthegirlunderthetree.Iknowthegirlwhoissittingunderthetree.,形容詞,動詞不定式,動詞-ing,數詞,介詞短語,從句,狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞的句子成分稱為狀語。狀語用來說明時間、地點、條件、原因、方式、程度、目的、結果等?？捎米鳡钫Z的有副詞、不定式短語、分詞短語、介詞短語及從句等。如：,Hearrivedyesterday.IhaveafriendinAmerica.IlikedreadingstorybookswhenIwasachild.,時間副詞,地點介短,句子,practice,1.Heisangry.2.Janeisgoinghomefromschool.3.Themaniswearingablackjacket.4.Thetextisverydifficult.5.Isawhimreadinginthesun.6.Sheputthedishesonthetable.,7.Wefoundtheexerciseeasy.8.Thoughitwasrainingheavily,westillwenttoschool.9.TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.10.Helentmethebike.11.WegotoBritainonceayear.12.Lookattheblackboard.,13.Themanwithasmileismyteacher.14.Thefoodontheplatewentbad.16.Hisjobistoprotecttheinnocent.17.Youmustntgooutnow.18.Iusedtogotoworkonfoot.19.Mysisterlooksbeautiful.20.Therearemanywomenteachersinourschool.,1.主語+系(link-v.)+表語2.主語+謂語3.主語+謂語+賓語4.主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語5.主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語,五種基本句型,1.主語+系(link-v.)+表語,HeisanEnglishteacher.Theweathergetscold.Kunmingbecomesbeautiful.,2.主語+謂語(vi.),Hearrived.Hearrivedyesterday.Hecameback.,3.主語+謂語（vt./vi+介詞)+賓語,Ilikeapples.Sheoftenlistenstomusic.HearrivedatKunmingyesterday,4.主語+謂語(vt.)+間接賓語+直接賓語,Hegavemeabook.Theoldmantoldusastory.Motherboughtmeanewwatch.,5.主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語,Heencouragedmetostudyhard.ShesawtheboysinginginclassroomTomaskedLilytohelphim.,鞏固練習：,判斷下列句子屬于哪種句型1.Theyworkhard.2.Theflowerisdead.3.Plantsneedwater.4.Hegivesmesomeseeds.,5.Thecaketastesdelicious.6.Classesbe