被動語態(tài)(精品)

.,被動語態(tài),ThePassiveVoice,.,被動語態(tài)基本用法當句子的主語是動作的執(zhí)行者時，謂語的形式是主動語態(tài)。當句子的主語是動作的承受者時，謂語要用被動語態(tài)。被動語態(tài)由助動詞be+過去分詞構成，時態(tài)通過be表現(xiàn)出來。,.,變化口訣：賓變主來,主變賓;謂變bedone,時不變;注意數(shù)格，抄其余。,.,Hisbrotherwashesfaceeveryday.,主,謂,賓,Face,iswashed,(by,hisbrother),everyday.,1.一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：,.,2.Theymakeshoesinthatfactory.,Shoesaremade(bythem)inthatfactory.結構：am/is/are+過去分詞,.,Exercises:1)TheyplayfootballonSunday.2)Lucydoesthehomeworkintheevening.,FootballisplayedbythemonSunday.,ThehomeworkisdonebyLucyintheevening.,.,Helookedafterthelittlebabyyesterday.,Thelittlebaby,waslookedafter,by,him,yesterday.,3.一般過去時：was/were+V.(p.p),.,Exercises:Theybuiltthetallbuildinglastyear.Hetookgoodcareofhislittlebrotheryesterday.,Thetallbuildingwasbuiltbythemlastyear.,Hislittlebrotherwastakengoodcareofbyhimyesterday.,.,Theywillfinishtheworkintendays.,Theworkwillbefinished(bythem)intendays.一般將來時：will+be+過去分詞,4.一般將來時：,.,Exercises:Wewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.Childrenwilltakesomephotosintheschoolyardtomorrow.,Asportsmeetingwillbehad(byus)nextweek.,Somephotoswillbetaken(bychildren)intheschoolyardtomorrow.,.,5含有情態(tài)動詞的：情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞AmycantakegoodcareofGina,GinacanbetakengoodcareofbyAmy.,.,1)Hecantakecareofthebaby.2)Lucymaydrawthepictures.,Thebabycanbetakencareofbyhim.,ThepicturemaybedrawnbyLucy.,Exercises:,.,6.現(xiàn)在進行時：Someworkersarepaintingtheroomsnow,Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.現(xiàn)在進行時：am/is/are+being+V（p.p),.,Iwasdoingmyhomeworkat8:00lastnight,Myhomeworkwasbeingdone(byme)at8:00lastnight.過去進行時：was/were+being+V(p.p),7.過去進行時：,.,Wehavemadetwentymorekeys,Twentymorekeyshavebeenmadebyus.現(xiàn)在完成時:have/has+been+V.(p.p),8.現(xiàn)在完成時：,.,各種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構成,一般現(xiàn)在時：一般過去時：情態(tài)動詞：一般將來時：現(xiàn)在進行時：現(xiàn)在完成時：過去進行時：,S+am/is/are+doneS+was/were+doneS+can/may/must/should+be+doneS+will+be+doneS+am/is/are+being+doneS+have/has+been+doneS+was/were+being+done,.,被動語態(tài)中的特殊情況1.不及物動詞帶介詞和介詞賓語時，在變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，仍然要帶上介詞。(動詞后的介詞不可省）e.g.Thestudentslistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.被動句：Theteacherislistenedtocarefullybythestudentsinclass.e.g.Theylookafterthenewstudentsintheschool.被動句：Thenewstudentsarelookedafterbythemintheschool.,.,2.當動詞帶有復合賓語(有賓補),并且賓補是省去“to”的動詞不定式時，在被動語態(tài)中應加上“to”。（即：主動省to，被動加上to。）e.g.Theymakeusdoallthework.被動句：Wearemadetodoalltheworkbythem.e.g.Weoftenhearhersingsongs.被動句：Sheisoftenheardtosingsongsbyus.e.g.Isawhimwalktoschool.被動句：Hewasseentowalktoschoolbyme.這些動詞真奇怪，主動句中to離開，被動句中to回來。（?？荚~有：make,see,hear,feel,watch,notice等。),.,3.當動詞帶雙賓語時(一個賓語是指人，一個是指物)，將其中指人的賓語提前作被動句的主語時，另一個賓語按順序照抄下來；如是將指物的賓語提前作被動句的主語，在被動句中則指人賓語前應加“to”或“for”。常見加to的動詞有:give，send,teach，write,show,pass,ask,tell常見加for的動詞有:make,buydraw,.,e.g.Hegivesmeaflowereveryday.被動1：Iamgivenaflowerbyhimeveryday.被動2：Aflowerisgiventomebyhimeveryday.e.g.Mymotherboughtmeacomputer.被動1：Iwasboughtacomputerbymymother.被動2：Acomputerwasboughtformebymymother.,.,4.系動詞沒有被動形式，主動形式表被動意義。常見的有taste（嘗起來），sound（聽起來），feel（摸起來），look（看起來），smell（聞起來）等.例如：1)Theappletastesgood.2)Thesongsoundsgentle.,.,5.有些動詞如:sell（賣），wash（洗），write(寫）等與副詞well（好），easily（容易地）等連用，描繪事物的特性，用主動表被動。例如：1)Thecoatwasheseasily.2)Thebookssellwell,.,1.Peopleuseknivesforcuttingthings.Knives_forcuttingthings.2.Thestudentscleanthewindowsoftheirclassroomtwiceamonth.Thewindowsoftheirclassroom_twiceamonth.,EXERCISES,areused,are,cleaned,(變被動語態(tài)）,.,5.Hisdoctormadehimhaveonlytwomealsaday.He_onlytwomealsaday.6.Nowpeoplecanusecomputerstohelpthem.Nowcomputers_tohelpthem.,wasmadetohave,canbe,used,.,3.Ifoundtheticketonthefloor._onthefloor.4.Itoldhertoreturnthebookintime.She_toreturnthebookintime.,Theticketwasfound,wastold,.,9.Theforeignfriendsgaveussomewonderfulstamps.1)_somewonderfulstamps.2)Somewonderfulstamps_.,weweregiven,were,giventous,.,7.Didyouplantmanytreesatthistimelastyear?_atthistimelasttime?8.Mustwefinishourworktoday?_ourwork_today?,Weremanytreesplanted,Mustbefinished,.,10.TheteacheraskedTomtoturnonthecomputer.Tom_toturnonthecomputer.11.Inthisfactorywomendomostofthework.Mostofthework_bywomeninthisfactory.,wasasked,isdone,.,12.Hecanmendthebikeintwodays.Thebike_intwodays.13.Youmusttakethismedicinethreetimesaday.Thismedicine_threetimesaday.,canbemended,mustbe,taken,.,14.ThestudentsinthisschoolstudyGerman.German_bythestudentsinthisschool.15.Dotheyoftentalkaboutthisquestion?_thisquestionoften_about_?,isstudied,Is,talked,bythem,.,練習：1.ManypeoplespeakEnglish.2.TheymadecomputersintheU.S.A.3.Peopleusedknivesforcuttingthings.4.Peopleusedmetalformakingmachines.5.TheyproducesilkinSuzhouandHangzhou.6.TheyspeakEnglishinCanada.,.,7.TheywritebusinesslettersinEnglish.8.TheygrowriceinSouthChina.9.TheyplantmanytreesinNorthChina.10.LuXunwrotethisbook.11.Theworkersbuiltsomebridges.12.Wecanusetheboxasatable.13.Weshouldcleantheclassroomeveryday,.,練習：將下列句子變?yōu)楸粍泳洹?.LiLeilistenstohisfathercarefully.2.Themotherlookedafterthebabyintheroom.3.Wetookcareofthethings.4.Theygaveussomework.5.Theboymadethemlaughallthetime.6.Mymotherbuysmeabike.,.,下列時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)構成1.Lucyiswateringthetrees.2.The