初中定語從句基礎(chǔ)篇

.,初中定語從句基礎(chǔ)講解,.,什么是定語從句呢？,修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。,結(jié)構(gòu)：先行詞+關(guān)系詞+句子,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,先行詞,關(guān)系詞,定語從句,.,Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.,先行詞,_,_,關(guān)系詞,_,定語從句,.,關(guān)系詞,關(guān)系代詞:that,which,who,whom,whose關(guān)系副詞:when,where,why,先行詞是人(n.)+who/that+從句先行詞是物(n.)+that/which+從句,.,Ihaveanapple.,Anappleisred.,Ihaveanapple,thatisred.,修飾先行詞anapple,主語,主語,關(guān)系詞that在定語從句中作主語時(shí)不能省掉。,.,Ilikesomefriends.,Somefriendslikesports.,Ilikesomefriends,who/thatlikesports.,修飾先行詞friends,主語,主語,關(guān)系詞who/that在定語從句中作主語時(shí)不能省掉。,.,Ilikethemusic.,Icandancetothemusic.,Ilikethemusic,that/whichIcandanceto.,賓語,賓語,關(guān)系詞在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省掉。,.,Ilikethegirl.,Youaretalkingtothegirl.,Ilikethegirl,who(m)youaretalkingto.,賓語,賓語,/that,關(guān)系詞who/that在定語從句中作賓語時(shí)可以省掉。,.,小結(jié)：which指_，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略.,who指_，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略,（常用whom）that可指_，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。,物,人,人或物,.,關(guān)系代詞who/that的作用：a.做代詞，代替先行詞b.在從句中擔(dān)任句子成分：主語或賓語c.做連詞，把主句和從句連接起來,Ilovesingerswhowritetheirownmusic.,.,注意,1.who和whomTheladywho/thatistalkingtomyteacherismymother.Theladywho/whom/thatmyteacheristalkingtoismymother.先行詞在從句中做主語，用who/that先行詞在從句中做賓語，用who/whom/thatwho是主格，whom是賓格,.,注意,2.什么時(shí)候可以省略關(guān)系代詞,Thegirlwho/whomissinginganEnglishsongisTomssister.Mr.Liuistheperson(who/whom/that)youtalkedaboutoften.總結(jié)：先行詞在從句中做賓語，可以省略關(guān)系代詞；先行詞在從句中做主語，不可以省略關(guān)系代詞。,.,練習(xí)：判斷Who/that在從句中擔(dān)任主語還是賓語。,IlovesingerswhowritetheirownsongsHeisthemanwhoImetyesterday.IlikemusicthatIcandanceto.Ipreferasandwichthatisreallydelicious.,主語,賓語,賓語,主語,.,3.whose作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。,Theboyismyclassmate.Theboysfatherisapoliceman.,Theboywhosefatherisapolicemanismyclassmate.,Haveyouseenabook_coverisread?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.what,.,1Ihavesomefriendsthat_(be)friendly.2.QiuWeizheisaboywho_(like)basketball.,定語從句幾點(diǎn)注意：,（一）關(guān)系代詞作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)由先行詞決定。,are,likes,.,只能用that的幾種情況,1.ThisisthefirstplaythatIhaveseensinceIcamehere.2.Everythingthatwesawinthisfilmwastrue.3.Whoisthegirlthatisstandingunderthetree?4.Iveneverheardofthepeopleandthingsthatyoutalkedaboutjustnow.請(qǐng)自己總結(jié)哪四種情況只能用that,.,不能用that的情況1)Thegirlwho/thatisstandingthereismysister.Theboy,whoisverytall,ismycousin.在含有逗號(hào)的非限制性定語從句中，不能用that,.,5.不能用that的情況2)Thewomanwho/whom/thatmyteacheristalkingtoismymother.=Thewomantowhommyteacheristalkingismymother.若將定語從句末尾的介詞提到關(guān)系代詞前，只能用which/whom,構(gòu)成：介詞+whom/介詞+which思考：Thechildrenwho/whom/thatthenursetakescareofarehealthy.這個(gè)定語從句末尾的介詞of不能提前，為什么？,.,用who/that/which/whom填空。1.Ihaveabrother_likessoccer.2.Tomdoesntlikemovies_aretoolongandtooscary.3.Wepreferbands_playloudandenergeticsongs.4.Helikesfriends_oftenhelpeachother.,who/that,which/that,which/that,who/that,.,用who/that/which/whom填空。5.Ihaventwatchedthemovie_myfriendsaretalkingabout.6.Thewoman_myfatheristalkingtoismyEnglishteacher.7.Theteacherisangrywiththeboy_madeabigmistake.8.Thosearethesingers_wemetattheparty.,which/that/省略,who/whom/that,who/that,who/whom/that/省略,.,用who/that/which/whom填空。9.Icantforgetthepeopleandtheplace_wevisitedlastmonth.10.Whoisthedoctor_willgiveusatalk?.11.Whichisthebook_youwanttobuy?12.Imtheonlyperson_candothisjobright.13.Itisthemostdelicious_Ihaveeverhad.14.Isthereanything_Icandoforyou?15.Youarethefirstperson_tellsmethetruth.,that/省略,that,that,that,that/省略,that,that,.,下列情況只能用that,1.序數(shù)詞,形容詞最高級(jí),theonly,thevery,thelast修飾先行詞時(shí)。,eg.Youaretheverypersonthatcandoitright.,2.當(dāng)先行詞是指物的anything,something,nothing,none,everything,等不定代詞時(shí)。,.,3.當(dāng)先行詞同時(shí)包括人或物時(shí)。eg.Weoftentalkaboutthepeopleandthethingsthatweareinterestedin.我們常常談?wù)撐覀兏信d趣的人或事。4.當(dāng)主句是who或which引導(dǎo)的問句時(shí)。eg.Whoisthegirlthathasblacklonghair?eg.Whichisthepenthatyoubought?,.,不能用that,也不能省略關(guān)系詞的情況1.非限制性定語從句Theblueteam,whichisatthetopoftheleague,isntplayingwelltoday.（非限制性定語從句）FootballisagamewhichIlovebest.(限制性定語從句）2.關(guān)系詞跟在介詞后時(shí)ThisistheclassmatefromwhomIhavelearnetalot.Thisistheroominwhichwelive.,.,.,.,.,Exercise,1.Ihaveafriend_likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.,who/that,which/that,whose,3.Theman_legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer.,2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress_Igaveher.,.,4.Myparentsliveinahouse_ismorethan100yearsold.,5.Theboywith_Johnspokeismybrother.,which/that,whom,6.Kevinisreadingabook_istoodifficultforhim.,which/that,.,7.Isthereanything_youwanttob