that在從句中的用法.ppt

1、that 在從句中的用法,高三英語專題突破系列講座,that在各類從句考查 中都占有一定的比例，是高考考查的一個(gè)核心考點(diǎn)。that在從句中是否充當(dāng)成分、有無具體含義、是否可以省略、與其他對應(yīng)詞的區(qū)別是高考考查的主要形式。,考情分析：,知識結(jié)構(gòu)圖：,that,定語從句,名詞性從句,(3)狀語從句,主語從句,賓語從句,表語從句,同位語從句,固定搭配,區(qū)別,知識呈現(xiàn)：,I.定語從句中的that,1. that指人時(shí)，相當(dāng)于who 或whom；指物時(shí)，相當(dāng)于which。在定語從句中作主語或賓語（做賓語時(shí)?？墒÷裕?1)He is the man that/who lives next door.,2

2、)The dress (that) Ann bought doesnt fit her very well.,安買的衣服不太合身。,他就是住在隔壁的那個(gè)人。,修飾先行詞the man，作主語不可省,修飾先行詞the dress, 作賓語可省略,知識呈現(xiàn)：,2. 以the way為先行詞的限制性定語從句在從句中作方式狀語時(shí)，通常由in which或that引導(dǎo)，而且可以省略。,I dont like the way (that/in which) she walks.,我不喜歡她走路的樣子。,3. 在限制性定語從句中，當(dāng)介詞位于定語從句的末尾時(shí)，指物可用that/which，指人可用that/w

3、hom/who ，而且作介詞賓語的關(guān)系代詞可以省略。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,This is the hero we are proud of.,這是我們引以為榮的那個(gè)英雄。,that,who,whom,可省略,知識呈現(xiàn)：,Everything that they said was true.,4. 定語從句中只用that的情況,(2)當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級修飾時(shí),(1)當(dāng)先行詞為everything, anything, nothing, all, none, few, little等不定代詞時(shí)，或當(dāng)先行詞被every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much

4、等不定代詞修飾時(shí),他所說的一切都是真的。,The first place (that) they visited in London was the Big Ben.,在倫敦他們參觀的第一個(gè)地方是大本鐘。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,這正是我要買的語法書。,This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.,有常識的人誰會相信這種無聊的事情？,Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense？,(4)當(dāng)先行詞為who或前面有who, which等疑問代詞時(shí),(3)當(dāng)先行詞被the very, the o

5、nly修飾時(shí),知識呈現(xiàn)：,今年這所大學(xué)將招收更多的新生是真的。,II. 主語從句中的that,1)That the college will take in more new students this year is true.,2)It is true that the college will take in more new students this year.,It作為形式主語將that 引導(dǎo)的主語從句后置。常見的it替代主語從句的句式主要有以下幾種：,知識呈現(xiàn)：,It is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failu

6、re.,It系動詞形容詞that從句。,It系動詞名詞that從句。,It is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.,It is announced that the plan has been successfully carried out.,很顯然，整個(gè)計(jì)劃注定要失敗。,雙方能努力實(shí)現(xiàn)和平是我們的希望。,Itbe過去分詞that從句。,據(jù)宣布計(jì)劃已經(jīng)順利實(shí)施。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,III.賓語從句中的that,1. It作形式賓語，that引導(dǎo)的從句作真正的賓語。,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，通?？墒÷?。但在下列情況下通常不省略:

7、,He pretended (that) he didnt see me.,他假裝沒有看到我。,I think it necessary that you should read English loudly.,我認(rèn)為你大聲地讀英語很有必要。,2. 在賓語從句中，如果有兩個(gè)并列從句，第二個(gè)從句的that通常 不省略。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,He told me (that) his father had died and that he had to make a living alone.,3. 當(dāng)that前有插入語時(shí),4. 當(dāng)that作介詞賓語時(shí),Tom didnt know, Im sure, t

8、hat his sister was going to Japan.,Thereasonliesinthatsheworksharderthantheothersdo.,他告訴我他父親去世了他不得不獨(dú)自謀生。,我確信，湯姆一定不知道他姐姐就要去日本了。,原因就在于她比其他人工作的更努力。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,注意：,1)She doubted if/whether he could succeed.,doubt后接賓語從句時(shí)，若doubt用于肯定句，后面的賓語從句的連接詞常用whether或if；若doubt用于否定句或疑問句，后面的賓語從句的連接詞用that。,她懷疑他是否能成功。,2)I dont

9、 doubt that our experiment will be carried out in time.,我毫不懷疑我們的實(shí)驗(yàn)會及時(shí)進(jìn)行。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,IV. 同位語從句中的that,2)There is no doubt that we will win.,1)They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.,對你生病這件事，他們都很焦慮。,毫無疑問我們會贏的。,注意：當(dāng)含有同位語從句的主句謂語部分過短時(shí)，可以把謂語動詞提前，使同位語從句與名詞隔開，以避免頭重腳輕的現(xiàn)象。,Word came that M

10、r. President would come and inspect our school himself.,有消息說總統(tǒng)先生將親自來視察我們學(xué)校。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,同位語從句和定語從句中that的區(qū)別,1. The news that he has won the game excited us all.,他贏得比賽的消息讓我們所有的人都很激動。,2. The news (that) you told me yesterday disappointed us all.,你昨天告訴我的消息讓我們所有的人都很失望。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,V. 表語從句,reason作主語時(shí)引導(dǎo)的表語從句或why引導(dǎo)的名詞性

11、從句時(shí)常用that不用because.,1. that通常不省略,The good idea is that we should protect animals.,好的主意就是我們應(yīng)該保護(hù)動物。,2. The reason why/foris that,1)The reason why he was late for school was that he got up late.,他上學(xué)遲到的原因是因?yàn)樗鸫餐砹恕?2)Why farmland here is being lost is that farmers have cut down too many trees in recent y

12、ears.,這兒農(nóng)田正消失的原因是近年來他們砍伐了太多的樹木。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,由以上知識可知：that引導(dǎo)主語從句、表語從句、同位語從句時(shí)在從句中只起引導(dǎo)詞的作用，不做任何成分，也沒有具體的含義，通常也不省略。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,VI. 狀語從句中涉及到that的考點(diǎn),1)He raised his voice so that/in order that he can make himself heard clearly.,2)Mary didnt want to get out of bed, for fear that she might wake her baby (up).,瑪麗不想起床，擔(dān)心

13、吵醒她的寶寶。,1. so that, in order that，for fear that“擔(dān)心，害怕”，in case (that)“以防”可引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句,他提高了嗓音以便于讓別人聽清晰。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,VI. 狀語從句中涉及到that的考點(diǎn),I didnt go early, so that I didnt get a good seat.,Guilin is so beautiful a city that thousands of visitors come to visit it every year.,2. so that, sothat, suchthat可引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句

14、,我去晚了，所以沒有找到好座位。,桂林是座美麗的城市，每年都有成千上萬的游客來參觀。,知識呈現(xiàn)：,3. Considering that“鑒于”，now that“既然”可引導(dǎo)原因狀語， 后者相當(dāng)于since,1)Now that/since everybody is here, lets begin our meeting.,既然大家都在這兒了，我們開始開會了。,2)Considering that I have told you three times, you must know it.,鑒于我已經(jīng)告訴你三次了，你肯定知道這件事了。,4. On condition that“條件是”；s

15、uppose/supposing (that)“假設(shè)，如果”；provided that“如果”可引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句,Suppose/supposing (that) they refuse us, who else can we turn to?,假設(shè)他們拒絕了我們，我們還能向誰求助呢？,考情分析：,1. （2013北京卷）Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. whyB. whereC. thatD. what,2. （2013浙江卷）The only way

16、 to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether,3. （2013山東卷）Finally he reached a lonely island_ was completely cut off from the outside world. A. when B. where C. which D. whom,先按暫停鍵閱讀題目,=that,考情分析：,4. （2013重慶卷）John invit