大學(xué)英語詞匯與語法練習(xí)5：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)強化練習(xí)題(答案及詳解)

1、.練習(xí)5：倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)強化練習(xí)題答案詳解Part I. Multiple Choice1. You often read China Daily. _ . A. So am I B. So do I C. Nor do I D. Neither can I 答案：B解析：“你經(jīng)?？粗袊請?，我也看”。表示前一句所說情況適用于后一句中的主語，而且是肯定句，用so引起部分倒裝句，助動詞提前，相同的謂語動詞省略。2. _ find out what happened. A. Until he woke up did he B. Until he woke up to C. Not until did h

2、e wake up, he D. Not until he woke up did he答案：D解析：“直到他醒過來他才發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)生了什么事情”。not until的句型中，為了強調(diào)“直到”這一時間概念，經(jīng)常把Not until引起的時間狀語從句置于句首，該從句中沒有任何倒裝，主句需要部分倒裝，把助動詞置于主語前。該句中，not until he woke up是從句，he found out what happened是主句。直陳語氣下的句子應(yīng)該是：He did not find out what happened until he woke up.3. _ got into the room

3、_ the telephone rang. A. No sooner had he; when B. He hardly had; then C. Hardly had he; when D. He hardly had; than答案：C解析：“他剛一進房間電話就響了起來”。表達“剛一就”常用句型包括：Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done when ，或者No sooner had sb. done than 。這兩個句型中，Hardly/Scarcely/No sooner后引起的是主語，when/than后引起的是從句，該句型中，主句的動作先發(fā)生，然后從句中的動作才發(fā)

4、生，即“剛剛主句的動作一發(fā)生，就發(fā)生了從句中的動作”這一含義。因此，主句中通常用過去完成時，而從句用一般過去時。4. Little _ about his own health though he was very ill. A. he cared B. he cares C. does he care D. did he care答案：D解析：“他幾乎不在乎自己的健康，盡管他病得很重”。Little在句中的用法是否定含義的程度副詞，表示“幾乎不”，位于句首時，其后面的句子要部分倒裝。該句的直陳句為：He cared little about his own health though he

5、was very ill.5. _, you would have met him. A. If you were there B. Should you been there C. If you went there D. Had you been there答案：D解析：“如果當(dāng)時你在那兒的話，你就見到他了”。該句是if條件句中的虛擬語氣，是針對過去已經(jīng)發(fā)生事情的虛擬，從句中應(yīng)該是過去完成時，主句是助動詞+have done，完整的句子應(yīng)該是If you had been there, you would have met him.為強調(diào)，省略了if后，把從句中的助動詞提前，該句中的助動詞

6、為had，直接放到主語前，構(gòu)成部分倒裝。6. Seldom _ such a funny story as he told us. A. have I heard B. I have heard C. did I listen D. I listened答案：A解析：“我很少聽到像他所講的這樣好笑的故事”。Seldom是否定意義的頻率副詞，表示“（次數(shù)）很少”，置于句首應(yīng)部分倒裝。該句的直陳句為：I seldom have heard such a funny story as he told us. 注意：B選項的錯誤在于沒有倒裝。C和D選項的主要錯誤在于listen是vi., 只有l(wèi)ist

7、en to才能接賓語。7. So loudly _ that all the people in the room got a fright. A. he shouted B. shout he C. did he shout D. he did shout 答案：C解析：“他喊得如此大聲以致于屋里的所有人一陣驚懼”。so/such that句型中，當(dāng)so/such 位于句首時，其后的主句中應(yīng)部分倒裝（注意，that引起的是從句，that前面的是主句）。該句的直陳句為：He shouted so loudly that all the people in the room got a frig

8、ht.8. Rarely _ so difficult a problem. A. she could have faced with B. could have she faced with C. she could have been faced with D. could she have been faced with 答案：D解析：“她幾乎不可能面對過這樣的難題”。Rarely是否定意義的副詞，表示“很少、幾乎不”，置于句首時，句子要部分倒裝，把助動詞置于主語之前。該句的直陳句為：She could rarely have been faced with so difficult a

9、 problem.注意：該句中的could not/rarely/hardly have done結(jié)構(gòu)表達的是對過去事情的推測，表示主語“過去不太可能做”。表達對過去發(fā)生的事情的肯定的推測，一般用must have done的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為主語“過去可能做過”。9. Not a single mistake _ in the test. A. he made B. did he make C. he has made D. made he答案：B解析：“他在測驗中一個錯誤都沒犯”。該句是把賓語前置，為了強調(diào)，把否定詞也前置了。否定副詞Not置于句首表達強調(diào)時，句子要部分倒裝，把助動詞置于主語前面。

10、該句的直陳句為：He did not make a single mistake in the test.10. Hardly _ the classroom when the class began. A. had he entered B. he had entered C. he entered D. he was entered 答案：A解析：“他剛一進教室就開始上課了”。詳細解析參考上面第3題。11. _ France Viuard an excellent political speaker but she was also among the first members of t

11、he Democratic Party. A. Not only B. If only C. Only D. Not only was答案：“France Viuard不僅是一位出色的政治演說家，同時也是民主黨最早的黨員之一”。該句題干所給句子中，but前面的句子部分，明顯缺少動詞。所給選項只有D有動詞。同時，Not only置于句首，句子應(yīng)部分倒裝，把助動詞置于主語前面，遇到be動詞，則直接把be動詞置于主語前面。該句的直陳句為：France Viuard was not only an excellent political speaker, but she was also among

12、”12. _ should any money be given to a small child. A. On no account B. From all accounts C. Of no account D. By all accounts答案：A解析：“無論如何都不應(yīng)該給小孩子錢”。該句題干部分已經(jīng)有部分倒裝“should any money be given ”，根據(jù)句子含義，句首應(yīng)該有否定含義的詞匯或短語(在句中充當(dāng)狀語)，因此才會出現(xiàn)倒裝。所給4個選項只有on no account（絕不、無論如何不、切莫）是否定含義并且可以在句中充當(dāng)狀語。注意：by (from) all ac

13、counts “據(jù)說,據(jù)報道,根據(jù)各方面所說”，(be) of no account“不重要”。這些短語了解即可。主要的考點為on no account。13. So badly _ in the accident that Simon was delayed in the hospital for treatment. A. did he injure B. he injuredC. was he injured D. he was injured答案：C解析：“Simon在事故中受傷如此嚴重以致于他在醫(yī)院中耽了更多的時間進行治療”。該題詳解參考上面第7題。該句直陳句為：He was so

14、badly injured in the accident that Simon was delayed in 注意：表達某人受傷，injure通常都用被動態(tài)，be injured。14. _ that they may eventually reduce the amount of labor needed on construction sites by 90 percent. A. So clever are the construction robots B. So clever the construction robots are C. Such construction robo

15、ts are cleverD. Such clever construction robots are答案：A解析：“建筑機器人如此聰明，最終可能能夠減少建筑工地90%的勞動力”。該句句型為so/such that句型，所給選項都是so或such位于句首，因此判斷that前面的句子中應(yīng)該有部分倒裝，可以排除選項B和D。選項A和C涉及so和such的用法辨析。So修飾形容詞或副詞，而such修飾名詞。句中還有形容詞clever，所以不能直接用such修飾，只能用so修飾clever。因此選A。15. _ do we suspect that this district is rich in mi

16、neral resources.A. Little B. A little C. Few D. A few答案：A解析：“我們毫不懷疑這一地區(qū)富有礦物資源”。該題題干所給部分已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了部分倒裝，因此句首一定有否定意義的副詞出現(xiàn)，所給選項只有l(wèi)ittle是這一用法，可修飾動詞。注意：A little可修飾動詞，表示有一點。Few和a few只可修飾名詞，不可修飾動詞。16. We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done. A. leaving B. will leav

17、e C. left D. did leave答案：C解析：“我們做過我們不該做的事，并且也曾把該做的事放著不做”。該句中出現(xiàn)了一個前置，即undone前置于left的賓語things前面，正是因為這個前置增加了該句理解上的困難。把該句補充完整并調(diào)整語序，詳細應(yīng)該為：We have done things that we ought not to have done, and we have left things that we ought to have done undone. 句中藍色字體部分為things后面的定語從句。后半句中的undone是過去分詞做賓語補足語, leave sth

18、. undone指“讓某事沒有做”。正常語序的句子中，由于定語從句太長，使得賓語補足語和賓語間隔太遠，所以把undone提前，因而出現(xiàn)了題目中的句子。注意：該題之所以選left是因為and銜接的動詞應(yīng)該與前面(have) done形成并列，并列的兩個動詞形式要一致，因此首選過去分詞left。17. _ no computers, there could have been no satellites or rockets. A. Had there been B. If there were C. Should there be D. If there are答案：A解析：“如果沒有電腦，也就

19、不會有衛(wèi)星和火箭”。電腦、衛(wèi)星和火箭都是過去就發(fā)明的了，因此該句是針對過去事情的假設(shè)，是if條件句中的虛擬語氣。省略if，部分倒裝，助動詞提前。18. Only after many years of hard work _ that money alone does not lead to happiness and success. A. did I realize B. I did realize C. had I realized D. I had realized答案：A解析：“在多年的辛苦工作后我才意識到只有金錢是不能帶來幸福或成功的”。該句是only引起的狀語置于句首，句中應(yīng)采用

20、部分倒裝，把助動詞提前。19. _, but I still like him. A. Selfish though he is B. Selfish as he is C. Selfish he may be D. Whether he is selfish or not答案：C解析：“他可能有點自私，但是我還是喜歡他”。該句要注意，A和B是讓步狀語從句，都是正確的倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，指的是“盡管他自私”，從表意上來說，這兩個選項沒有問題。但是題干中，有連詞but，一個句子中一般只能有一個連詞，出現(xiàn)了but就不能再有though或倒裝中常用的as。因此不能選這兩個選項。D也出現(xiàn)了從句whether ,

21、 有從句引導(dǎo)詞，不能再有but，所以D也不能選。只有C沒有任何連詞。C選項也是一種倒裝，是為了強調(diào)把句中的某個成分提前的用法，這里提前的是表語selfish，提前后把剩下的句子成分按原來的順序排列即可。注意：為了強調(diào)，經(jīng)常會把句中的表語、賓語等放到句首，句子的其他成分不需要部分倒裝，只需按順序?qū)懺诤竺婕纯?。一般來說，只有狀語前置，并且涉及特殊的狀語結(jié)構(gòu)，如否定副詞、only等，才需要出現(xiàn)助動詞置于主語前的部分倒裝。20. _, I couldnt lift the box. A. As I might try B. Try as I might C. As try I might D. Tho

22、ugh try I might答案：B解析：“盡管我努力了，但我抬不起箱子來”。從所給選項來看，應(yīng)該是讓步狀語從句，由as/though引起。該句的直陳句應(yīng)該是正常語序：Though I tried, I couldnt lift the box. 倒裝句則要把謂語動詞提前：Try as/though I might, I couldnt lift the box. 注意：選項C和D中，as/though在句首，不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)倒裝。A的錯誤在于不應(yīng)該出現(xiàn)might。Part II. Error Analysis1. So instructive the film was the students

23、wanted to see it again.改錯：So instructive was the film that the students wanted to see it again.2. Never before our motherland has been as strong as it is today.改錯：Never before has our motherland been as strong as it is today.3. It was not until very recent times that had the theory of “probability” been looked upon as har