藥學(xué)英語模擬試卷

1、福建醫(yī)科大學(xué)藥學(xué)院2007級臨藥、藥劑、藥物分析藥學(xué)英語試卷 考試日期：2009年12月7日 組別 學(xué)號 姓名 題號一二三四五總分得分閱卷簽名復(fù)核簽名負責(zé)人簽名日期 得分簽名一. 將下列單詞譯成中文（每題0.5分，共10分） 1. anesthetic2. route of administration3. parenteral4. decomposition 5. capacity factor 6. partition coefficient 7. gradient elution 8. pharmacodynamics9. cation exchange resins 10. size-

2、exclusion chromatography 11. spectrophotometric detector 12. diode array multi-wavelength detectors 13. differential refractometer detectors 14. fluorometric detectors 15. linear dynamic range 16. external standard method 17. disintegration test 18. simulated gastric juice 19. labelled amount 20. qu

3、ality control 得分簽名二、將下列詞譯成英文(每題0.5分，共10分)1. 新陳代謝2. 受體3. 給藥途徑 4. 溶解 5. 校準 6. 親和力 7. 平衡 8. 基線 9. 衍生物 10. 等度 11. 鑒定, 鑒別 12. 專屬性，特異性13. 精密度 14. 準確性 15. 穩(wěn)定性 16. 提出物 17. 分析，試驗 18. 添加劑 19. 利用 20. 效力，效價 得分簽名三、判斷題（True or False）(每題1分，共10分)1. Ordinary fire can also be thought of as a chemical reaction in whic

4、h the fuel and the oxygen in the air react to form the products of combustion. 【 】2. Nitrous oxide was soon put into general use in surgical operations after its discovery by Humphry Davy. 【 】3. Chemistry plays such an important part in the life of modern man that no one can well understand the worl

5、d in which he lives without the proper knowledge of chemistry. 【 】4. The introductory chemistry course should begin at a very elementary level as most students have had almost no preparation at all in chemistry. 【 】5. The appropriate experiments devised and performed before the construction of the m

6、odel are essential to the success of the whole process of model building. 【 】6. As a first step, college students in introductory chemistry courses should be ready to accept a concept, then they must understand it in physical terms. 【 】7. People have been duplicating some of the natural chemicals or

7、 sometimes producing completely new ones since the dawn of human history. 【 】8. We should not equate a naturally derived chemical with its synthetic counterpart since the impurities present in a natural product are bound to be different from those in its synthetic counterpart. 【 】9. Active ingredien

8、ts used in foods, drugs, and cosmetics may cause physiological changes in or on the body when taken internally or applied externally, while inactive ingredients only function to facilitate the ultimate intake or utilization of the active ingredients. 【 】 10. Food additives, most of which are natural

9、 products, are added to foods either directly or indirectly for the purposes of improving nutritional value, enhancing quality, reducing wastage, etc. 【 】得分簽名四、將下列句子譯成英文（Translation）(每題2分，共10分)1. 毫無疑問，植物王國仍然擁有許多種具有醫(yī)藥價值的植物，這仍有待于人們的發(fā)現(xiàn)。2. 原始人類依靠大自然所提供的植物和草藥來預(yù)防疾病，保持健康與活力。3. 科學(xué)事實就是對大自然觀察的結(jié)果，通常可以任意重復(fù)。4. 要

10、編撰一套既適合于基礎(chǔ)差的學(xué)生，又可滿足程度好的學(xué)生的化學(xué)教程并非易事。5. 一種元素或化合物與其他東西相結(jié)合或起反應(yīng)的方式就是該元素或化合物的化學(xué)性質(zhì)。得分簽名五、將下列段落譯成中文(共60分)1. Ion-exchange chromatography is used to separate water-soluble, ionizable compounds of molecular weight less than 1500. The stationary phases are usually synthetic organic resins: cation exchange resin

11、s contain negatively charged active sites and are used to separate basic substances such as amines, while anion exchange resins have positively charged active sites for separation of compounds with negatively charged groups, such as phosphate, sulfonate, or carboxylate groups. Water-soluble ionic or

12、 ionizable compounds are attracted to the resins, and differences in affinity bring about the chromatographic separation. 2. The nature of the physical and chemical properties of the solid drug particles has a great effect on dissolution kinetics. The effective surface area of the drug may be increa

13、sed enormously by a reduction in the particle size. Because dissolution is thought to take place at the surface of the solute, the greater the surface area, the more rapid the rate of drug dissolution. The geometric shape of the particle also affects the surface area, and during dissolution the surf

14、ace is constantly changing. In calculation, it is usually assumed that the particle has retained its geometric shape.3. The various excipients in the drug product may also affect dissolution kinetics of the drug either by altering the medium in which the drug is dissolving or by reacting with the dr

15、ug itself. For example, excipients such as suspending agents increase the viscosity of the drug vehicle and thereby diminish the rate of drug dissolution of suspensions. Tablet lubricants such as magnesium stearate may repel water and reduce dissolution when used in large quantities. Surfactants may

16、, however, affect drug dissolution in an unpredictable fashion. Low concentrations of surfactants affect lower the surface tension and increase the rate of drug dissolution, whereas higher concentrations of surfactants tends to form micelles with the drug and thus decrease the dissolution rate.4. Pa

17、rtly spurred by FDA requirements, pharmaceutical research has become increasingly interested in what happens to drugs after their administration. In some cases the metabolic products of the drug formed in vivo are biologically active, giving new clues to the chemist for further structural modificati

18、ons. Some research efforts are underway to design prodrugs, which do not become therapeutically active until modified by a known metabolic system of the recipient. Possible advantages of this approach include reduction of general cytotoxity, better internal control of active drug, or longer duration

19、 of action.5. In spite of the fact that plants have been used for therapeutic purposes for millennia, only a relatively few plants or plant derivatives are currently officially recognized in the United States as effective drugs. This is largely due to the difficulties encountered in plant drug resea

20、rch and the limitations of scientific methodology employed. Quite often, premature publicity on unconfirmed research data has tainted the reputation of many botanical drugs. Since many drug plants have rather complicated chemical compositions and analytical technology has not been adequate in determ

21、ining their identities and qualities once extracts are made from them, adulteration, sophistication, or substitution has been commons.6. Organic chemists in the pharmaceutical industry synthesize hundreds of new compounds every week. In most cases, the chemist has specific reasons for synthesizing a particular compound, usually based on theoretical considerations, medicinal chemistry, biological mechanisms, or a combination