選詞填空方法講解

1、.,選詞填空精講,.,考試形式及考察能力 選詞填空的解題步驟 解題技巧 實例講解 完形填空與選詞填空對比,., 考試形式與考查能力,1. 考試形式 一篇長度在230個單詞左右的文章，從中挖去10個單詞，文章后面提供15個備選項，要求考生選擇合適的選項填入文章，使整篇文章能夠通順、流暢。 2. 考查能力 選詞填空要求考生既要看懂文章的大意，又要認(rèn)識并了解所列單詞的詞性和基本搭配。其目的在于考查對文章上下文的理解和詞匯和語法結(jié)構(gòu)的應(yīng)用能力，要求考生在理解全文的基礎(chǔ)上弄清文章的宏觀結(jié)構(gòu)并具體細(xì)化到對每個單詞的微觀理解上面。,., 選詞填空的解題步驟,1. 快速通讀全文，了解文章大意。 了解文章的大致

2、內(nèi)容，反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞將會是幫助大家掌握文章大致內(nèi)容的重要線索。 2. 熟悉所給詞匯，按照詞性分類。 選詞填空題考查的對象皆為實詞,主要包括名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞。選項中的15個 詞是考查的關(guān)鍵，對于熟悉的單詞標(biāo)明詞性和詞義，不熟悉的單詞或者不認(rèn)識的單詞只需 標(biāo)明詞性。 *辨別詞性要注意以下幾點： （1）動詞分為動詞原型，動名詞（現(xiàn)在分詞），過去式，過去分詞。 （2）不認(rèn)識的詞看后綴。構(gòu)詞法中, 前綴區(qū)分意思, 后綴區(qū)分詞性。所以看詞尾往往能大致 分出詞性。 （3）詞性無法確定的, 暫時擱置。 （4）做出相應(yīng)的標(biāo)記。 3. 分析詞性要求，考慮用法搭配，選擇正確答案。 詞性分類之后，回到原文中，根

3、據(jù)原文中空格的前后單詞或者前后語句確定所要填的詞性，然后從分類好的單詞中選擇出詞性、意思、搭配、語法都符合要求的最佳選項。 4. 認(rèn)真再讀全文，仔細(xì)查缺補(bǔ)漏，核實答案。,.,技巧一:詞性分類 將試卷中給出的15個單詞，按照名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞的順序進(jìn)行分類。這樣做就不再是15選1了，只要根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系或者語法結(jié)構(gòu)，有時候可以是4選1，3選1，從而縮小了選擇的范圍，降低了試題的難度。, 解題技巧,.,1) -or/ er/ ar/ ian/ ist：做某件事情或職業(yè)的人或物：worker, debtor 2) -acy, 表示“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，境遇” democracy, accuracy

4、 3) -ance, -ence，表示“性質(zhì)，狀況，行為，過程，總量，程度” importance, diligence, difference, obedience 4) -ancy, -ency， 表示“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，行為，過程” frequency, urgency, efficiency, 5) bility，表示“動作，性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)” possibility, flexibility, feasibility, 6) -dom, 表示“等級，領(lǐng)域，狀態(tài)” freedom, kingdom, wisdom 7) -hood, 表示資格，身份, 年紀(jì)，狀態(tài) childhood, manhoo

5、d,常用后綴,1. 名詞后綴,.,8) -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示“行為的過程，結(jié)果，狀況” action, solution, conclusion, destruction 9) -ism, 表示“制度，主義，學(xué)說，信仰，行為” socialism, criticism, heroism 10) -ity, 表示“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度” purity, reality, ability, calamity 11) -ment, 表示“行為，狀態(tài)，過程，手段及其結(jié)果” treatment, movement, judgment, punishme

6、nt, argument 12) -ness, 表示“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度” goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 13) -ship, 表示“情況，性質(zhì)，技巧，技能及身份，職業(yè)” hardship, membership, friendship 14) -th, 表示“動作，性質(zhì)，過程，狀態(tài)” depth, wealth, truth, length, growth,1. 名詞后綴,.,15) -tude, 表示“性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度” attitude, altitude(海拔) 16) -ure, 表示“行為，結(jié)果” exposure, pres

7、sure, failure, procedure， 17) -grapy, 表示“學(xué)，寫法” biography, geography 18) -ic, ics, 表示“學(xué)法” logic, mechanics, electronics, linguistics 19) -ology, 表示“學(xué)論”biology, technology 20) -nomy, 表示“學(xué)術(shù)” astronomy, economy,1. 名詞后綴,.,1)-able, -ible, visible, flexible 2)名詞-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish (注意accomplish

8、, vanish是動詞) 3)-ive, active, sensitive, productive 4)-like, manlike, childlike 5)名詞-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 6)-some, troublesome, handsome 7)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful,2. 形容詞后綴,.,2. 形容詞后綴,8) -ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 9) -ent, -ant, violent, im

9、portant, 10) -most, foremost, topmost 11) -less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, 12) fic, ic：scientific, academic 13) -ern：eastern, western 14) -ward：downward, forward,.,3. 動詞后綴,1) -ize, ise, 表示“做成，變成，化”modernize, mechanize, democratize, organize 2) -en, 表示“使成為，引起，使有” quicken, weaken, soften, harden 3) -

10、fy, 表示“使化, 使成”beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify 4) -ish, 表示“使，令” finish, abolish, diminish, establish 5) -ate, 表示“成為，處理，作用” separate, operate, indicate,.,(形容詞)-ly：badbadly壞地/惡劣地，carefulcarefully小心地 -wise： clockclockwise(a./adv.)順時針方向的(地)； likelikewise同樣地 -wards：outoutwards向外面地，northnort

11、hwards向北方地,4. 副詞后綴,.,1. 確定空格為名詞 a. 名詞主要做主語、賓語。 b. 限定詞（the, this, that, a, my之類） 后必有名詞 c. 謂語動詞前必有名詞或名詞性質(zhì)的主語 d. 介詞后面必有名詞,技巧二：如何根據(jù)空格的前后決定所填詞的詞性,.,a. 前后都是名詞短語，中間一般為動詞（時態(tài) 看前后文）。 b. 一個句子必有且只有一個謂語動詞 c. 一個完整的句子之后再跟逗號，后面一般是非謂語動詞短語。,2. 確定空格為動詞,.,空格后面為名詞，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞; b. 空格前面是副詞，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞; c. 空格前面是系動詞，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表

12、語。,3. 確定空格為形容詞,.,a. 空格前面或者后面為動詞，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞; 空格后面是形容詞，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。 如果句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。,4. 確定空格為副詞,.,文章的邏輯關(guān)系對于考生把握整篇文章是至關(guān)重要的。文章的邏輯關(guān)系是通過一些邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的，考生可以通過邏輯關(guān)系詞來確定答案。,技巧三：利用邏輯關(guān)系詞確定答案,.,(1)并列關(guān)系：and, or, as well as 等 (2)對比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：but, however, on the contrary, rather than 等 (3)比較關(guān)系：as . as, like, similarly等 (4)因果關(guān)

13、系：because, for, since, as a result of, therefore, thus 等 (5)舉例關(guān)系：for example, for instance, such as, and so on 等 (6)遞進(jìn)關(guān)系：whats more, moreover, in addition 等,常見的邏輯關(guān)系詞,.,技巧四：利用常用搭配幫助確定答案,如：deprive (strip) sb. of; assure sb. of; charge sb. with; accuse sb. of; prevent sb. from; differ from; contribute

14、to; attribute to.,.,When Roberto Feliz came to the USA from the Dominican Republic, he knew only a few words of English. Education soon became a 47. “I couldnt understand anything,” he said. He 48 from his teachers, came home in tears, and thought about dropping out.,. 實例講解,wonder acquired C) consis

15、tently D) regained E) nightmare F) native G) acceptance H) effective hid J) automatically K) decent L) countless M) recalled N) breakthrough O) prominent,n.,E,v.,I,.,Then Mrs. Malave, a bilingual educator, began to work with him while teaching him math and science in his 49 Spanish. “She helped me s

16、tay smart while teaching me English,” he said. Given the chance to demonstrate his ability, he 50 confidence and began to succeed in school. Today, he is a 51 doctor, runs his own clinic, and works with several hospitals. Every day, he uses the language and academic skills he 52 through bilingual ed

17、ucation to treat his patients.,wonder acquired C) consistently D) regained E) nightmare F) native G) acceptance H) effective hid J) automatically K) decent L) countless M) recalled N) breakthrough O) prominent,a.,F,v.,D,a.,J,v.,B,.,Robertos story is just one of 53 success stories. Research has shown

18、 that bilingual education is the most 54 way both to teach children English and ensure that they succeed academically. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students 55 outperform their peers in monolingual programs. Calexico, Calif., implemented bilingual education, and now has dropout rates that are les

19、s than half the state average and college 56 rates of more than 90%. In El Paso, bilingual education programs have helped raise student scores from the lowest in Texas to among the highest in the nation.,wonder acquired C) consistently D) regained E) nightmare F) native G) acceptance H) effective hid J) automatically K) decent L) countless M) recalled N) breakthrough O) prominent,a.,L,a.,H,ad.,C,n. a.,G,.,A) wonder n. v. B) acquired v.ed C) cons