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1、本資料來(lái)源于七彩教育網(wǎng)中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解詞序問(wèn)題 我們知道漢語(yǔ)通過(guò)增加助詞使一個(gè)陳述句變成問(wèn)句,而英語(yǔ)則是通過(guò)改變?cè)~序使陳述句變成問(wèn)句。我們把“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+其他”這樣的詞序看成一般的詞序,詞序跟它不同的句子就叫倒裝句。倒裝句有部分倒裝和全部倒裝兩種。全部倒裝是指謂語(yǔ)全部位于主語(yǔ)之前。部分倒裝是指部分謂語(yǔ)(通常是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞)位于主語(yǔ)之前。一、全部倒裝并不常見(jiàn),主要是下面三種情況:1、在引用某人的原話的時(shí)候,我們經(jīng)常會(huì)用這樣的詞序: “直接引語(yǔ)”+ says(或者said)+名詞. 例如:Smith先生說(shuō):“今天我們學(xué)第3課。”相應(yīng)的翻譯應(yīng)該是:

2、“Today we are going to learn Lesson 3.” said Mr. Smith.在英語(yǔ)里“某某說(shuō)”用的就是完全倒裝的詞序,請(qǐng)大家注意,“某某”必須是名詞(或名詞短語(yǔ)),如果“某某”用代詞表示,則不需要倒裝,如:“Today we are going to learn Lesson 3.” he said.2、“here”位于句首的倒裝也是完全倒裝。例如:給你錢(qián)。 Here is the money. (在這個(gè)句子里如果錢(qián)用代詞表示,則不能倒裝,如:Here it is.)公共汽車來(lái)了。 Here comes the bus. (在這個(gè)句子里如果公共汽車用代詞表示,

3、也不能使用倒裝,如:Here it comes.)3、當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be或者表示擁有的have, 且謂語(yǔ)部分沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),如果要做成問(wèn)句(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)除外),一般采用完全倒裝。 如:Are you a student? Have you a watch? (=Do you have a watch?)請(qǐng)大家注意:當(dāng)have表示其它意思的時(shí)候(如吃、喝、進(jìn)行某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)),問(wèn)句必須使用部分倒裝。如:What do you have for breakfast? (你早飯吃什么?) 不能說(shuō)成 What have you for breakfast? 但是當(dāng)have表示“有”時(shí),使用全部倒裝或者

4、部分倒裝均可。Have you a watch? (=Do you have a watch?) Have you a watch? 二、比較常用的是部分倒裝,也有三種情況:1、用于一般疑問(wèn)句、特殊疑問(wèn)句中(對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)除外)和反意疑問(wèn)句,主要是把助動(dòng)詞或者情態(tài)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前。如:Can you speak English? (一般疑問(wèn)句) Which class are you in, Class 1 or Class 2? (選擇疑問(wèn)句)What will you do this Sunday? (特殊疑問(wèn)句) You have finished your homework, havent

5、 you? (反意疑問(wèn)句)2、“may”表示祝愿的倒裝:May you be happy! 祝你快樂(lè)! May our friendship last long! 愿我們的友誼地久天長(zhǎng)!3、當(dāng)上文談到一個(gè)對(duì)象如何如何,而另外一個(gè)對(duì)象也一樣的時(shí)候,常使用部分倒裝(謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為be或表示“有”的have,且上文句中沒(méi)有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或者助動(dòng)詞除外,那種情形要使用完全倒裝)。如:He likes English, so do I. 他喜歡英語(yǔ),我也喜歡。 (上文為肯定句,下文用so)首頁(yè) 中考英語(yǔ) 二輪專題突破 劉銀超老師高考綜合試題系列講09高考短文改錯(cuò)高分策略系列講劉銀超老師高考綜合試題系列講閱讀理解分

6、類題材講解之短文故完形填空分類題材專練-故事篇閱讀理解分類題材講解說(shuō)明、議信息匹配題的解題依據(jù)及技巧高高考完形填空分類題材專練夾敘高考閱讀理解分類題材講解圖表高考任務(wù)型閱讀命題形式及解題高考閱讀理解文化類題材講解高考閱讀理解綜合訓(xùn)練(2) 劉銀超老師高考綜合試題系列講09高考短文改錯(cuò)高分策略系列講劉銀超老師高考綜合試題系列講閱讀理解分類題材講解之短文故完形填空分類題材專練-故事篇閱讀理解分類題材講解說(shuō)明、議信息匹配題的解題依據(jù)及技巧高高考完形填空分類題材專練夾敘高考閱讀理解分類題材講解圖表高考任務(wù)型閱讀命題形式及解題高考閱讀理解文化類題材講解高考閱讀理解綜合訓(xùn)練(2) 中考重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解(四)詞

7、序問(wèn)題 陳紅輝 原創(chuàng) 點(diǎn)擊數(shù):3019 He doesnt like English, nor/neither do I. 他不喜歡英語(yǔ),我也不喜歡。(上文為否定句,下文用nor或者neither)關(guān)于so后面的句子是否要用倒裝形式是中考的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn),請(qǐng)大家一定要弄明白這個(gè)問(wèn)題。下面我來(lái)詳細(xì)說(shuō)明:情形一 甲說(shuō):Tom is from America. 乙如果說(shuō): So is he.(他也來(lái)自美國(guó)) 在這樣的情形中,乙說(shuō)的he和甲說(shuō)的Tom是兩個(gè)不同的人,這時(shí)候要使用倒裝。情形二 甲說(shuō):Tom is from America. 乙如果說(shuō): So he is.(Tom確實(shí)來(lái)自美國(guó)) 在這樣的情形

8、中,乙說(shuō)的he和甲說(shuō)的Tom是同一個(gè)人,這時(shí)候就不用倒裝??偨Y(jié)(重點(diǎn)):如果上下文談到的對(duì)象為同一個(gè),不要倒裝;如果上下文談到的對(duì)象不同,則使用倒裝。三、從句一定要使用陳述句詞序,即主語(yǔ)在前,謂語(yǔ)在后。這是中考的必考點(diǎn),請(qǐng)同學(xué)們千千萬(wàn)萬(wàn)注意!如:I want to know when you get up every day. 我想知道你每天什么時(shí)候起床。Do you know when he gets up every day? 你知道他每天什么時(shí)候起床嗎?I wonder if she will come tonight. 我不知道她今晚是否會(huì)來(lái)。(劃線部分是從句,都用了陳述句詞序) 練習(xí)

9、:(答案為劃線部分)1. -Bob speaks Chinese quite well. - _. He speaks Chinese every day. A. So he does B. So does he 甲乙兩個(gè)人談?wù)摰膶?duì)象都是Bob, 所以不要使用倒裝詞序,答案為A。2. -You forgot closing the door. - Oh, _. Ill go and close it. A. so did I B. so I did甲談?wù)摰膶?duì)象是乙,乙說(shuō)的也是自己,談?wù)搶?duì)象只有一個(gè),所以不要倒裝,答案為B。3. -I usually go to bed late at nigh

10、t. And you? - _. A. So I do B. So do I C. So am I D. So I am甲說(shuō)自己睡覺(jué)晚,乙也說(shuō)自己睡覺(jué)晚,他們談?wù)摰膶?duì)象不同,所以要用倒裝詞序,答案為B.4. -Would your sister go to Hainan this summer? - If I dont go,_.A. neither will she B. neither does she C. so will she D. so does she 乙說(shuō)的是自己和自己的妹妹兩個(gè)人的情況,所以要用倒裝;因?yàn)檎務(wù)摰氖莾蓚€(gè)人未來(lái)都不,所以要用一般將來(lái)時(shí),所以答案為A。5. -My

11、family will move to the south at the end of the year. -_. A. Neither will we B. Neither we will C. So will we D. So we will甲乙說(shuō)的是兩個(gè)對(duì)象都搬家,所以用倒裝,答案為C。 6. I want to know _ the day after tomorrow.A. what he will do B. what will he do C. what he did D. what did he do 從句要用陳述句詞序,而且說(shuō)的是現(xiàn)在的將來(lái),所以選A。7. Do you no

12、w _? A. what time would the train leave B. what time does the train leave C. what time will the train leave D. what time the train leaves從句要用陳述句詞序,所以選D。8. The teacher asked Lucy _. A. where does she come from B. what did she like best C. if she could speak Chinese D. when was she born從句要用陳述句詞序,所以選C。

13、9. -Could you tell me _? -She is a student in Eton School.A. where Kate is studying B. where does Kate studies C. why Kate was studying D. when Kate studied從句要用陳述句詞序,談?wù)摰氖乾F(xiàn)在的事情,所以選A。 10. The teacher asked the students _.A.if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what t

14、hey will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 從句要用陳述句詞序;主句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí),為和它保持時(shí)態(tài)的一致,從句也用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài),所以選A。中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解動(dòng)詞的延續(xù)性問(wèn)題 我們首先要了解什么是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,什么是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞(也叫短暫性動(dòng)詞)。 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)一段時(shí)間(幾分鐘/小時(shí)/年),如live、keep等,它可以和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用(這樣的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)經(jīng)常用since或for引導(dǎo),可以用how long對(duì)它進(jìn)行提問(wèn))。 非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞:動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作一發(fā)生即結(jié)束,不能延續(xù),如

15、stop、begin、borrow等,它不可以和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用;另外它也不能和進(jìn)行時(shí)連用,表示動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生,而且有持續(xù)的過(guò)程,如果這樣的動(dòng)詞和進(jìn)行時(shí)連用,往往表示的是即將進(jìn)行的意思。在中考里,往往這樣考查同學(xué)們對(duì)這個(gè)概念是否理解:一、till/until的用法中涉及的動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性問(wèn)題:如果一個(gè)句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)由till/until引導(dǎo),那么它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞如果是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞就必須用肯定形式;如果它的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞就必須用否定形式。例如:He didnt leave until/till he finished his homework. 他完成家庭作業(yè)才離開(kāi)。(在這個(gè)句子里leave

16、 為非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,所以用了否定形式)He waited for the girl till it was late. 他等那個(gè)女孩一直到很晚的時(shí)候。(在這個(gè)句子里wait為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,所以用了肯定形式)二、完成時(shí)態(tài)里涉及的動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性問(wèn)題: 很多同學(xué)在初學(xué)完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)候都不能正確地翻譯這樣的句子,例如:他買這輛車已經(jīng)兩年了。很多同學(xué)會(huì)把它翻譯成:He has bought this car for two years. 在這個(gè)句子里,動(dòng)詞buy是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞,而時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示的是一段時(shí)間,所以把它們聯(lián)系起來(lái)顯然是不恰當(dāng)?shù)?。正確的說(shuō)法是:He has had this car for two yea

17、rs. 并不是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞不能用于完成時(shí)態(tài),而只是在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示的是一段時(shí)間的時(shí)候,動(dòng)詞只能為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。比如:The film had begun when he got to the cinema. (當(dāng)他到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。)這樣的說(shuō)法沒(méi)有什么問(wèn)題,但是“The film had begun for ten minutes when he got to the cinema. ”(當(dāng)他到達(dá)電影院的時(shí)候電影已經(jīng)開(kāi)始十分鐘了。)就不正確,因?yàn)槭昼姳硎镜氖且欢螘r(shí)間,而begin不能延續(xù),所以應(yīng)該把這個(gè)句子改成:The film had been on for ten minute

18、s when he got to the cinema.三、“how long”短語(yǔ)涉及的動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性問(wèn)題:“how long”是對(duì)一段時(shí)間的長(zhǎng)短提問(wèn),所以和它連用的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如“這本書(shū)我能借多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間?”不能說(shuō)成:How long can I borrow this book? 而應(yīng)該說(shuō)成:How long can (前面為短暫,后面為延續(xù))I keep this book?2.買 buy: have3.死 die: be dead4.走/離開(kāi)go/leave: be away5.參軍 join the army: be in the army/be a soldier6.入黨 jo

19、in the Party: be in the party/be a Party member7.開(kāi)始放映/展出 begin: be on 8.交朋友 make friends with sb: be friends9.結(jié)婚marry: be married10.開(kāi)放/營(yíng)業(yè) open: be open11.關(guān)閉/停業(yè) close: be closed中考英語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)知識(shí)講解反意疑問(wèn)句 反意疑問(wèn)句是指先陳述一件事,再用省略的一般疑問(wèn)句附加在其后構(gòu)成的疑問(wèn)句。通常用yes/no回答。 對(duì)于反意疑問(wèn)句,我們必須知道的基本規(guī)則: 1、反意疑問(wèn)句的陳述部分如果是肯定,附加的一般疑問(wèn)句就用否定形式;如果陳述部

20、分是否定,則附加部分用肯定形式。 (我們可以這樣記憶這條規(guī)則:前肯后否,前否后肯) 如:This is a book, isnt it? This is not a book, is it? You can speak some English, cant you? You cant speak any English, can you? 2、反意疑問(wèn)句的附加部分(疑問(wèn)句)的主語(yǔ)一定要用人稱代詞充當(dāng)(前句為there be句型除外,在那樣的情形里,句尾還用there),如果后部分是否定,一定要用縮寫(xiě)形式。(前部分為I am時(shí),后部分用arent I?)如:I am a teacher, are

21、nt I?There will be a meeting, wont there? 3、如何回答反意疑問(wèn)句對(duì)于很多同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)可能會(huì)是一個(gè)問(wèn)題,因?yàn)樵谶@點(diǎn)上 英語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)的習(xí)慣不同。下面我們來(lái)進(jìn)行對(duì)比。 漢語(yǔ):“你不是一個(gè)老師,是嗎?”“是的,我不是。” 英語(yǔ):You arent a teacher, are you? No, Im not. 漢語(yǔ):“你不是一個(gè)老師,是嗎?”“不,我是?!?英語(yǔ):You arent a teacher, are you? Yes, I am. 通過(guò)對(duì)比,我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)漢語(yǔ)的答語(yǔ)可以前面是否定、后面是肯定,而英語(yǔ)絕對(duì)不行,前后必須一致,要么全部用肯定,要么全部用否定。這

22、一點(diǎn)請(qǐng)同學(xué)們務(wù)必要用心琢磨,因?yàn)檫@是中考中的一個(gè)常見(jiàn)考點(diǎn)。我在回答反意疑問(wèn)句的時(shí)候,總是先考慮答語(yǔ)的后部分到底該用肯定還是否定,然后再給這個(gè)答語(yǔ)的前面加上Yes或者No,大家不妨也和我一樣考慮這樣的問(wèn)題。其它應(yīng)該知道的規(guī)則:1陳述部分里的代詞no one(nobody)、everyone(everybody)、someone(somebody)、anyone(anybody)等,在最后部分用he或者they代替。如:Everyone should work hard, shouldnt he/they?2must作必須講,后部分用must或者need;must not作禁止講,后部分用may。

23、如:We must keep quiet in the library, mustnt/neednt we?They must not park their cars here, may they?3有時(shí)候前面的陳述部分看似陳述形式,但其中含有seldom(不常)、hardly(幾乎不)、nobody(沒(méi)人)、nothing(沒(méi)有什么)、never(從不)、none(一個(gè)也沒(méi)有)、neither(兩者都不)、few(幾乎沒(méi)有)、little(幾乎沒(méi)有)等表示否定意義的詞,此時(shí)要把陳述部分看成否定,其后的附加疑問(wèn)句要用肯定形式;某些句子里含有dis-或者un-這樣表示否定意義的前綴的復(fù)合詞(如d

24、islike和unusual),還是要把它看成肯定句。如:He is never late for school, is he?He can hardly believe you, can he?There is nothing new in todays newspaper, is there?It seldom rains here in spring, does it?It is very unusual, isnt it?4“(Dont)+動(dòng)詞原形+其他”這樣的祈使句無(wú)論否定還是肯定,反意疑問(wèn)句的疑問(wèn)部分都用“will you”。 Open the door. Open the doo

25、r, will you?Dont talk in class. Dont talk in class, will you?5Lets do 和Let us doLets(包含對(duì)方,所以后部分用shall we?)Let us(不包含對(duì)方,所以后部分用 will you?)如:Lets play football, shall we? 這句話的含義是說(shuō)話者邀請(qǐng)聽(tīng)話人和他一起去踢足球,所以后部分用人稱代詞we。Let us play football, will you? 這句話的含義是說(shuō)話者請(qǐng)求聽(tīng)話人允許他去踢足球,所以后部分用人稱代詞you。6把感嘆句看成一般意義的陳述句,然后照一般的規(guī)則處理

26、。如:What a good boy he is, isnt he? How hard he works, doesnt he?7英語(yǔ)里沒(méi)有am not的縮寫(xiě)形式,一般用arent。如:I am your friend, arent I?8前部分有“過(guò)去常常干某事used to do sth.”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu),后半部分用didnt或者usednt。如:You used to get up early in the morning, didnt/usednt you? 9前部分含有“I think”,如“I think he is right. ”,應(yīng)該把它理解成“He is right”,然后做相

27、應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)部分。因?yàn)閠hink后的賓語(yǔ)從句不能含有not,所以“I dont think he is right.”應(yīng)該看成“He isnt right”,然后做相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)部分。如:I think he is right, isnt he?I dont think he is right, is he?下面我們來(lái)做一些練習(xí):1. The computer is very useful in our life, _ it? A. isnt B. wasnt C. hasnt D. doesnt前部分是肯定形式,一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以選擇A。2. -She didnt come to school yes

28、terday, did she? - _, though she was not feeling well. A. No, she didnt B. No, she did C. Yes, she didnt D. Yes, she did從though(盡管)可以看出她還是來(lái)了學(xué)校,所以反意疑問(wèn)句答語(yǔ)的后部分肯定是she did,然后在它之前應(yīng)該Yes,所以答案應(yīng)該選擇D。3. There is little milk in the bottle, _? A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt there D. is there前部分含有表示否定意義的little,所以選擇D

29、。4. He has few friends in the new school, _? A. has he B. is he C. doesnt he D. did he前部分含有表示否定意義的few,所以選擇A。 5. “Youve never seen dinosaur eggs, have you?” “ _. How I wish to visit the Dinosaur World.” A. Yes, I have B. No, I havent C. Certainly, I have D. Of course, I havent從乙的回答可以看出乙沒(méi)有見(jiàn)過(guò)恐龍蛋,所以選擇。6

30、. Bob likes traveling very much, _ he? A. isnt B. is C. doesnt D. does前部分是肯定,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)第三人稱形式的一般動(dòng)詞,所以選擇C。7. Kates never seen Chinese film, _? A. hasnt she B. has she C. isnt she D. is she前部分含有表示否定意義的never,所以選擇B。8. Few of them hurt themselves in the accident last night, _ ? A. dont they B. didnt they C.

31、 did they D. do they前部分含有表示否定意義的few,時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以選擇C。9. -Linda had nothing for breakfast this morning, _? -No. She got up too late. A. had she B. hadnt she C. did she D. didnt she 前部分含有表示否定意義的nothing,時(shí)態(tài)為一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以選擇C。10. Mr. King has never been to France, _? A. has he B .hasnt Mr. King C. hasnt he D. ha

32、s Mr. King前部分含有表示否定意義的never,句末一般為人稱代詞,所以選擇A。 11. “You never have noodles, _ you?” “No. I only like rice.” A. do B. dont C. have D. havent前部分含有表示否定意義的never,時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),而且have在這里意思是“吃”,而不是“有”,所以選擇A。12. His sister had a bad cough, _ she? A. wasnt B. doesnt C. hadnt D. didnt前部分為肯定、一般過(guò)去時(shí),而且had在這里表示得病,所以選擇D。

33、13. An elephant is strong, _ it?A. doesnt B. does C. isnt D. is前部分是肯定,所以選擇C。14. The town government set up a new modern hospital for the farmers, _ ?A. does it B. doesnt it C. did it D. didnt it前部分是肯定的一般過(guò)去時(shí),所以選擇D。15. Dont forget to return the library book, _ ? A. will you B. can you C. do you D. are

34、 you 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的祈使句,后部分一律用will you,答案為A。16. Peter could hardly see the words on the blackboard, _?A. did he B. couldnt he C. didnt he D. could he 前部分含有表示否定意義的hardly,所以選擇D。17. Marys brother had a talk at school yesterday afternoon, _ A. had he B. hadnt he C. did he D. didnt he前部分為肯定,一般過(guò)去時(shí),而且have表示的是進(jìn)行活動(dòng)的意思,所

35、以選擇D。18. - Lucy didnt come to school, did she ? - _. She was ill in bed. A. No, she did B. Yes, she did. C. No, she didnt. D. Yes, she didnt.從乙的回答可以判斷出Lucy沒(méi)有上學(xué),所以答案選擇C。初中英語(yǔ)陳述句變感嘆句全解一、如何快速掌握感嘆句?學(xué)會(huì)分析五種基本句型的句子成分是快速掌握感嘆句的關(guān)鍵,陳述句變感嘆句實(shí)際上就是句子成分位置的移動(dòng)。例1 She is smiling sweetly. How sweetly she is smiling!(移動(dòng)狀

36、語(yǔ))二、哪些句子成分可能會(huì)移動(dòng)位置?通過(guò)對(duì)句子成分的分析我們就可以確定哪個(gè)句子成分需要挪動(dòng)位置,一般說(shuō)來(lái)含有形容詞的名詞短語(yǔ)、形容詞短語(yǔ)和副詞短語(yǔ)需要變動(dòng)位置。位置可能會(huì)變動(dòng)的句子成分:賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)。例2 Mr Turner told us a funny story.What a funny story Mr Turner told us!(移動(dòng)賓語(yǔ)含有形容詞的名詞短語(yǔ))三、如何確定使用what還是使用how?當(dāng)我們做句型變換或選擇題時(shí)需要自己確定到底是用what還是用how,一般可以這樣來(lái)確定:位于主語(yǔ)之前的是名詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)用what,是形容詞或副詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)用how。但這種格式例外: how

37、 + adj. + a/ an + N例3 What a cool bike you are riding!(a cool bike 名詞短語(yǔ))例 4 How fast he is riding!(fast 副詞)例 5 How cool a bike you are riding!(how + adj. + a/ an +N)四、如何判斷是否使用冠詞、使用什么樣的冠詞?名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式和不可數(shù)名詞之前不使用冠詞,以元音音素開(kāi)頭的詞語(yǔ)之前用an,以輔音音素開(kāi)頭的詞語(yǔ)之前用a。例6 What beautiful sunshine it is today!(sunshine 不可數(shù)名詞)例7 Wha

38、t a useful book this is!(useful 以輔音音素開(kāi)頭)例8 What an old house that is!(old 以元音音素開(kāi)頭)五、感嘆句有哪幾種格式?簡(jiǎn)單地說(shuō)是“兩型七式”:兩種句型是以what開(kāi)頭的句型和以how開(kāi)頭的句型,七種格式是 what + a + adj. + N+ S +V what + an + adj. +N +S +V what + adj. + N(不可數(shù)) + S +V what + adj. + N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+ S+V how + adj.+ S +V how + adv. + S + V how + adj. + a/

39、 an + N + S+V 例 What exciting news it is!(what + adj. + N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+ S + V結(jié)構(gòu))例9 What good teachers they are!(what + adj. + N(可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式)+ S+V結(jié)構(gòu))例10 How warmly they are discussing!(how + adv. + S + V結(jié)構(gòu))例11 How beautiful a picture it is?。╤ow + adj. + a/ an + N + S + V 結(jié)構(gòu))六、以what開(kāi)頭的句型和以how開(kāi)頭的句型怎樣進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換?這兩種

40、句型之間的轉(zhuǎn)換主要是指以下兩種情況而言的:含有“a/ an + adj. + N ”結(jié)構(gòu)的句子方法是把形容詞單獨(dú)抽出來(lái)放在名詞短語(yǔ)的前面和how搭配使用。名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)而表語(yǔ)是形容詞的句子方法是把主語(yǔ)當(dāng)作“a/ an + adj. + N”結(jié)構(gòu)的中心名詞而用人稱代詞充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)。例12 What an expensive glass he broke! How expensive a glass he broke!例13 How beautiful the birds are! what beautiful birds they are!(說(shuō)明:N代表名詞,未特別說(shuō)明者代表可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式,S代

41、表主語(yǔ),V代表動(dòng)詞)七、在感嘆句中哪些詞語(yǔ)常常省略?常常省略的是充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的人稱代詞和動(dòng)詞be。例14 What a naughty boy!(省略了he is)八、有什么巧妙的辦法記住這些規(guī)律嗎?以上的解釋說(shuō)明似乎很復(fù)雜,其實(shí)理清了思路、抓住了要領(lǐng)、掌握了規(guī)律并不是那么難的。為了便于同學(xué)們記憶我把以上規(guī)律編成了一段順口溜,請(qǐng)同學(xué)們對(duì)照閱讀。陳述句述事實(shí),感嘆句表感情。陳述變成感嘆句,主謂系表先分清。賓語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)移句首,表語(yǔ)亦須打頭陣。名詞之前用what,形副之前how先行。復(fù)數(shù)名詞無(wú)冠詞,事先分析莫輕心。如果名詞不可數(shù),摒棄a, an不留情。冠詞a, an要分明,清音輔音是標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。句子結(jié)構(gòu)要完整,標(biāo)

42、點(diǎn)符號(hào)亦變更。總結(jié)規(guī)律進(jìn)步快,編個(gè)歌訣給你聽(tīng)。鞏固練習(xí)一、把下列的句子改為感嘆句。(答案不唯一) A: Jill is drawing a beautiful picture.B: _ A: Mr Wang is a busy man.B: _ A: The cat is very happy.B: _ A: The tractor is going very slowly.B: _ A: He is very lucky.B: _ A: It is a wet day today.B: _ A: They started early.B: _ A: They waited a long ti

43、me.B: _ A: He is wearing a large shirt.B: _ A: The dolphin is playing happily.B: _KEY一、 B B C C A二、 What a beautiful picture Jill is drawing!/ How beautiful a picture Jillis drawing! What a busy man Mr Wang is!/ How busy a man Mr Wang is ! How happy the cat is!/ What a happy cat it is! How slowly th

44、e tractor is going! How lucky he is! What a wet day it is today!/ How wet a day it is today! How early they started! What a long time they waited! What a large shirt he is wearing!/ How large a shirt he is wearing! How happily the dolphin is playing!透析中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法名詞考點(diǎn)【名詞命題趨勢(shì)與預(yù)測(cè)】1、 根據(jù)近幾年全國(guó)各地中考試

45、題對(duì)名詞部分考查的分析可知,今后對(duì)名詞部分的考查重點(diǎn)為:2、 名詞的可數(shù)與不可數(shù)性。3、 名詞單復(fù)數(shù)在特定情況下的使用。4、 名詞的普通格與所有格作定語(yǔ)的選用。5、 物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名詞具體化。名詞詞義的區(qū)別與固定搭配?!究键c(diǎn)詮釋】一、名詞的各種分類。單、復(fù)數(shù)的用法及單數(shù)名詞變復(fù)數(shù)名詞的方式,包括可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的變化規(guī)則,少數(shù)不規(guī)則名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式及部分單復(fù)、數(shù)同形的名詞?!究祭縏here is good_ for you. Ive found your lost watch. 廣東省A. news B. ideas C. messages D. thoughts答案A。解析 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)都是以s結(jié)

46、尾的名詞,其中A為不可數(shù)名詞,B、C、D為名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式,句中用了連系動(dòng)詞is,所以只有A項(xiàng)正確。My uncle will come to my house for dinnerI want to buy some _to make a vegetable salad for him濟(jì)寧Ameat Btomatoes Capple juice答案B。解析下文說(shuō)制作蔬菜沙拉,故選蔬菜類的tomatoes。The teacher said we needed to choose three for the school concert. 重慶A. farmers B. doctors C. dr

47、ivers D. singers 答案 D。 解析可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式是在原形后加“s”。根據(jù)school concert可知,需要挑選的是singers。At night the koala bear gets up and eats_廣元A1eaf B1eaves C leafs 答案B。解析考查名詞leaf的復(fù)數(shù)形式。 以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞在變復(fù)數(shù)時(shí),一般將f或fe變v后,加es。The PLA man saved three _lives in the accident濟(jì)南Achildrens Bchildren C Dchilds答案A。解析考查名詞

48、所有格的用法。three后接復(fù)數(shù)children,變名詞所有格時(shí)直接加“s”,故選A。Come on,childrenHelp yourselves to some_ if you like南通Afish and chickenBfishes and chickenCfish and chickensDfishes and chickens答案A。解析fish(魚(yú)肉)和chicken(雞肉)都是不可數(shù)名詞。All the _teachers enjoyed themselves on March 8th,because it was their own holiday 重慶Aman Bmen

49、Cwoman Dwomen答案D。解析由時(shí)間on March 8th可知是婦女節(jié),因此是女教師?!芭處煛眴螖?shù)形式用woman teacher,復(fù)數(shù)形式兩個(gè)詞都要變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)。故選D。二、不可數(shù)名詞數(shù)量的表達(dá)法。用“數(shù)詞或冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示,量詞可以是單數(shù)也可以是復(fù)數(shù),但of后面的名詞只能用單數(shù)。Mr Smith always has _to tell us青島Asome good pieces of newsB some pieces of good news Csome good piece of newes Dsome piece of good newes 答案A。解

50、析考查名詞的數(shù)的掌握。 news意為“消息”,是不可數(shù)名詞,所以C、D兩項(xiàng)可排除。形容詞修飾類似的詞組時(shí),一般放在前面。Would you like to have a look at some pants?They may fit you well一Well,Id like to try those blue_.黃岡Apairs Bone Cpant Dpair答案A。解析pants要用a pair of來(lái)修飾,由those blue確定其后接pairs的復(fù)數(shù)形式,故選A。Would you like some drinks, boys? 河北Yes, , please. A. some o

51、ranges B. two boxes of chocolates C. some cakes D. two bottles of orange答案 D 解析orange是不可數(shù)名詞??捎谩皵?shù)詞或冠詞量詞of不可數(shù)名詞”這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表示它的數(shù)量。量詞(piece, bottle, glass, pair, cup等)是可數(shù)名詞,可根據(jù)情況用單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù),但of后面的名詞只能用單數(shù)。 exciting news! We will have long holiday after the exam. 黃岡A. What an, a B. What, a C. How an, the D. How, t

52、he 答案 B。 解析news為不可數(shù)名詞,其前面不能用a/an來(lái)修飾。不可數(shù)名詞的確切數(shù)量可借助單位詞組來(lái)表示,如a piece of,a cup of ,two glasses of three bottles of,etc。三、名詞所有格及其用法。以-s結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞加“”或“s”構(gòu)成所有格;以-s或-es結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞只加“”;不規(guī)則復(fù)數(shù)名詞在詞尾加“s”;兩者或兩者以上共同所有,把“s”加在最后的名詞上;表示各自擁有某件東西時(shí),每個(gè)名詞都要用所有格形式。_fathers are both scientists 咸寧 AJims and Bob BJims and Bobs CJim and Bobs DJim and Bob答案B。解析當(dāng)兩個(gè)人分別擁有時(shí),要在每個(gè)人后都加名詞所有格的標(biāo)志“s”來(lái)表達(dá)。吉姆的父親和鮑勃的父親不是一個(gè)

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