定語從句易錯點歸納之改錯

1、.定語從句易錯點歸納改錯1. Ill never forget the days when I spent in New York with you. 2. Ill never forget the days which I visited New York with you.3. Is this the library where you visited yesterday?4. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her. 5. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves. 6. Tom i

2、s one of the students who likes swimming. 7. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming. 8. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen? 9. Youd better make a mark at where you have any questions. 10. I dont like the way which you speak to her. 11. I dont care f

3、or pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued. 12. He failed in the exam again， which was expected. 13. He failed in the exam again， as was not what he had expected. 14. This is the most exciting football game which I have ever seen. 15. Here are the materials that had I thought of i

4、t you could have taken with you yesterday. 16. The two things with which Marx was not sure were the grammar and some of the idioms. 17. Tell him all the things to which he should pay attention. 18. The book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us. 19. The book of whose the cover is broke

5、n is of great help to all of us. 易錯點一：關系代詞和關系副詞的混用析：區(qū)分關系代詞和關系副詞的關鍵是看它們在定語從句中所充當的成分。如果定語從句中缺少主語、賓語，就應考慮使用關系代詞。1. Ill never forget the days when I spent in New York with you. （when 應改為 which 或 that，spent 后面缺少賓語，故用關系代詞。）2. Ill never forget the days which I visited New York with you. （which 改為 when，定語從句

6、中有主語和賓語，故使用關系副詞）3. Is this the library where you visited yesterday? （where改為that 或 which，也可省略，動詞visit后缺少賓語，故用關系代詞引導定從。） 易錯點二：固定句式出差錯4. Mary is so lovely a girl as everybody loves her. （as 改為 that ; sothat 為固定句式，that 引導結果狀語從句，該從句的成分是完整的，不缺少主語或賓語）5. Mary is so lovely a girl that everybody loves. （that

7、 改為 as . soas是固定搭配， as 引導定語從句， as 在定語從句中作賓語或主語，類似的固定句式的定從還有 the same as (that) ， suchas ， asas ）。 易錯點三：主謂不一致6. Tom is one of the students who likes swimming. （likes 改為 like ; 在“ one of + 復數名詞 + 定語從句”結構中，定語從句的先行詞是復數名詞，故關系代詞who=students, 是復數概念。）7. Tom is the only one of the students who like swimming.

8、 （like 改為 likes .在“ the (only) one of + 復數名詞 + 定語從句”結構中，先行詞是 one ，而不是復數名詞，故關系代詞who=one，是單數概念）易錯點四：與強調句型及其他句型的混合8. Was it in the shop that you bought the recorder that you lost your pen? （第一個 that 改為 where，you bought the recorder 為定語從句，其引導詞應用 where ，后面第二個 that 才是強調句中的 that ，此句可還原為： You lost your pen

9、in the shop where you bought the recorder .）9. Youd better make a mark at where you have any questions. （去掉 at，where 引導地點狀語從句）易錯點五：特殊名詞作先行詞時關系詞的選取錯誤10. I dont like the way which you speak to her. （在 which 前加 in， 或將 which 改為 that， 或去掉which.注意： way 作先行詞時，其定從引導詞可用 that 或 in which 或省略）11. I dont care fo

10、r pay. I just want to get a job that I can be greatly valued.（that 改為 where 或 in which .注意：case, club, job，occasion, point, position, situation，system, 等作先行詞時，定從常用 where 或 in which, 但最終決定答案的是看定從中是否缺少主語，賓語。） 易錯點六：忽略as 和which 引導非限定性定語從句的區(qū)別12. He failed in the exam again， which was expected. （which 改為

11、as）13. He failed in the exam again， as was not what he had expected. （as 應改為 which）as 和 which 雖然都可引導非限制性定語從句，但仍有以下三點區(qū)別：( 1 ) as 有“正如;就像”之意，而 which 沒有;( 2 ) as 引導的非限制性定語從句可置于句首、句中或句末，而 which 只能置于句末;( 3 )如果非限制性定語從句是否定句時，只能用 which 引導。 易錯點七：忽略that 和which 引導限制性定語從句的區(qū)別14. This is the most exciting footbal

12、l game which I have ever seen. （which 改為 that）15. Here are the samples that had I thought of it you could have taken with you yesterday.（that 改為 which） 析：當先行詞被最高級、序數詞修飾或先行詞本身是不定代詞(且指代物)時，只能用 that 來引導定語從句，當關系詞后面有插入成分時，只能用 which 來引導定語從句易錯點八：介詞前置出差錯16. The two things with which Marx was not sure were t

13、he grammar and some of the idioms. （with 改為 about 或 of. 在定語從句中前置的介詞必須和后面的動詞或形容詞構成固定搭配）17. Tell him all the things to which he should pay attention. （把 to 移到 attention 的后面。并不是所有的固定搭配中的介詞都可前置）易錯點九：which 和whose 的意義不明確18. The book which cover is broken is of great help to all of us. （which 改為 whose）19.

14、The book of whose the cover is broken is of great help to all of us. （whose 改為 which）析：關系代詞 which 不能在定語從句中作定語，但 whose 可作定語，“ whose + n ”相當于“ the + n + of which ”或“ of which + the + n ”。翻譯：天花板壞了的教室用作我們的圖書館。The classroom whose ceiling is broken serves as our library.The classroom the ceiling of which

15、is broken serves as our library.The classroom of which the ceiling is broken serves as our library.【易錯點一】因為先行詞不明而出錯1. 先行詞與引導詞形式上不一致，是導致學生出錯的一個主要原因。如表時間的先行詞不一定用when，表地點的先行詞不一定用where，表原因的先行詞不一定用why /for which等。 Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?A. he explained B. wha

16、t he explainedC. how he explained D. why he explained This is just the place _ I am longing to visit these years.A. that B. whereC. in which D. to which句中reason作explain的賓語，可以省略引導詞，所以選A，對原因進行解釋的內容在句子后面for his carelessness in his work。句中place作賓語從句的賓語，所以選A。2.因為句子中有插入語或先行詞另有限定語等搞不清楚先行詞而出錯。 He often help

17、s the students _he thinks are not quick at their studies.A. whom B. who C. when D. because She is one of the girls who_passed the exam.She is the only one of the girls who_passed the exam.A. was B. were C. has D. have句中he thinks 作插入語，先行詞是students,定語從句中缺少主語,所以B正確。句中第一句中的who指代girls,是復數；而第二句中的who 則指代th

18、e only one，所以是單數，所以正確答案分別為D，C。3.有些先行詞從字面上看不出是關于時間的還是關于地點的。 I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance.A. how B. which C. where D. that Were just trying to reach a point_both sides will sit down together and talk.A. where B. that C. when D. which句中的business和 point雖然看起來不是表示地點

19、的，但從意思“在這個行業(yè)里/在這種程度下”來看，還應該用where引導。4.分隔式定語從句因為結構復雜影響到先行詞的正確選擇。 The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in far away village.A. until B. thatC. when D. where This is the best book on the subject _has appeared this year.A. in which B. where C. that D.when句中hours為先行詞，因為定語從句太長所以

20、放到補語后面，正確答案為B。句中book為先行詞，on the subject為book的定語。正確答案為C?！疽族e點二】與其它從句混淆而出錯1.與what從句混淆而出錯。 Loulan city is not at all _ a traveler who has never seen the desert before can expect.A. what B. that C. which D. where Mr. Smith was so angry at all _Bill was doing _ he walked out angrily.A. that, what B. that,

21、 thatC. which, which D. what, that句中not at all是“一點也不”的意思。正確答案為A。what引導的是表語從句，what作expect的賓語。句中be angry at為固定短語，all為先行詞，后接定語從句；all是不定代詞，關系代詞應該選that，第二空中的that是so that 結構，正確答案為B。2. 與強調句型混淆而出錯: Was it in this hospital _ she lived for ten years _ she was trained to be a real nurse?A. that, which B. which

22、, thatC. where, that D. that, where I cant find Mr. Brown. Where did you meet him this morning? It was in the hotel_ he stayed.A. that B. which C. where D. when句是強調句中插入定語從句where she lived for years，正確答案為C。句依然是強調句中插入定語從句，不過省略了強調句中的that I met him this morning 部分，正確答案為C。3. 與同位語混淆而出錯: He expressed his h

23、ope_he would visit China again the next year, and this was the very hope _ he expressed as soon as he arrived in the country.A. that, that B. which, whichC. that, which D. which, that Its thirty years since we last met. But I still remember the story, believe it or not, _ we got lost on a rainy nigh

24、t.A. which B. that C. what D. when句中第一個hope后接的是同位語從句，從句中不缺任何成分，第二個hope在定語從句中當賓語，正確答案為A。句中story后接的是同位語從句，正確答案為B。That引導的定語從句與同位語從句的主要區(qū)別在于:that在定語從句中既做引導詞,又要充當句子成分;而在同位語從句中只引導句子,不在從句中充當成分.【易錯點三】 因為一些固定結構沒有掌握好而出錯 I dont like the way _ you speak to her.A. / B. in that C. which D. of which We should read

25、such books _ will make us better and wiser.A. which B. as C. whose D. what句中當the way作先行詞時，引導詞可以用that，in which,也可省略引導詞，正確答案為A。句正確答案為B，當先行詞受到such, the same 修飾時，引導詞多用as.【易錯點四】 在“介詞+引導詞”定語從句中，看不出從句中短語搭配而選錯介詞。 In the dark street there wasnt a single person _ she could turn for help.A. that B. whoC. from

26、whom D. to whom American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A. who B. asC. about which D. with whom句考查短語turn to sb for help“求助于某人”。句考查talk with sb“同某人談話”。正確答案均為D?！疽族e點五】 as引導的非限制性定語從句容易與主語從句或which引導的定語從句混淆而出錯。 As is well-known, the earth is round.（定語從句） It

27、is well-known that the earth is round.（主語從句） John is absent, _is often the case.A. whatB. that C. who D. as當從句的謂語動詞是be announced / expected / known / imagined / pointed out / said / reported / shown等被動式，或usually happen, be often the case等表示主句的習慣性或司空見慣的意思時，常用as，且as可放在句首，而which則不能，如； As還可用于類似插入語的句式中，而

28、which則不可，如：as is said above, as is known all, as it is等。句正確答案為D。【鞏固練習】1. Is this museum _D_ they visited last month?Is this the museum _A/C_ they visited last month?A. that B. where C. which D. the one2. The girl got herself into a serious situation_ she was likely to lose control over the motorbike.A. where B. which C. while D. why3. I can never forget the day _ we worked together and the day _ we spent together.A. when, which