Unit2Workingtheland語言要點學(xué)案(新人教版必修4

1、Unit 2 Working the land一、語言要點I單元要點預(yù)覽（旨在讓同學(xué)整體了解本單元要點）詞匯部分詞語辨析1. expand / extend / spread / stretch 2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession詞形變化1. hunger n.u 饑餓；欲望hungry adj. 饑餓的2. expand v.使變大；伸展expansion n.u,c擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)展3. satisfy vt. 使某人滿意達(dá)到要求；滿足需要satisfied adj. 對表示滿意satisfactory/sar

2、isfying adj. 令人滿意的satisfaction n. 滿意4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)免費的(地) vt. 解放 freedom n.自由5. equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝備equipment n.u 裝備；設(shè)備6. discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到discovery n.被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物，發(fā)現(xiàn)discoverer n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)者重點單詞 1. struggle vi.&n.斗爭；拼搏；努力 2. equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝備 3. regret (regretted) vt. (對)遺憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遺憾；惋惜4. reduce vt.&v

3、i. 減少；減縮 5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n.c,u 焦點；中心點6. comment vi.&vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論 n.c,u 評論；議論重點詞組1. thanks to 幸虧；由于；因為 (有時作反語)2. rid sb./sth. of 使某人某物擺脫3. be satisfied with 對表示滿足或滿意4. would rather 寧愿5. build up 逐漸建立；逐漸增強體質(zhì)；積累；開發(fā)6. lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）；通往7. keep.free from/of 使免受(影響/傷害)；使不含(有害物) 重點句子1. In 19

4、74, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output.2. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce one-third more of the crop in the same fields.重點語法V-ing 的基本用法（見語法部分）II 詞語辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料) 1. expand / extend / spread / stretch【解釋】expand指向四面八方的擴(kuò)

5、大擴(kuò)張extend 強調(diào)向某一方向的延長spread 指消息，疾病，瘟疫等的傳播、蔓延，也指把某物鋪開，把胳膊張開stretch 指手掌，手臂，腰，腿，頸由曲變直，由短變長的伸展或伸出，多與out連用 【練習(xí)】用expand，extend，spread，stretch的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). The man _ the information around. 2). The empire _ its country in the 16th century. 3). The road builders worked hard to _ the high way.4). She _ out her

6、hands to meet me.5). The project will _ the city s telephone network to cover users.Keys: 1). spread 2). expanded 3). extend 4). stretch 5). expand2. occupation / job / work / employment / career / profession【解釋】occupation指一個人經(jīng)常擔(dān)任的工作，不論是否領(lǐng)取工資。job非正式用語，指一份固定的賺錢工作，不論是否需要技術(shù)和特殊訓(xùn)練。work多用來指工作本身，平常我們每做一件事無

7、論大小，都可以稱為work。employment 指受雇于他人，領(lǐng)取工資謀生計，并且比較固定的工作。career 指職業(yè)、事業(yè)；指某種經(jīng)過特殊訓(xùn)練而又為之獻(xiàn)身的終身事業(yè)，帶有崇高色彩。profession 指那些必須受到特殊教育及訓(xùn)練才可勝任，帶有專業(yè)性質(zhì)的工作，多為創(chuàng)造性的腦力勞動?！揪毩?xí)】用occupation，job，work，employment，career，profession的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). She has a good _ in the bank. 2). She is an architect by _. 3). She abandoned her stage _.4)

8、. Graduates are finding it more and more difficult to find _. 5). Please write down your name, _ and address here in the form.Keys: 1). job 2). profession/occupation 3). career 4). employment 5). occupationIII 詞性變化 （旨在提供語法填空所需材料）1. hunger n.u 饑餓；欲望hungry adj. 饑餓的2. expand v.使變大；伸展expansion n.u,c擴(kuò)大；擴(kuò)

9、展3. satisfy vt. 使某人滿意達(dá)到要求；滿足需要satisfied adj. 對表示滿意satisfactory/sarisfying adj. 令人滿意的satisfaction n. 滿意4. free adj.&adv.自由的(地)免費的(地) vt. 解放 freedom n.自由5. equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝備equipment n.u 裝備；設(shè)備6. discover vt.發(fā)現(xiàn)，找到discovery n.被發(fā)現(xiàn)的事物，發(fā)現(xiàn)discoverer n. 發(fā)現(xiàn)者【練習(xí)】用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). In some poor African areas

10、, many children died of _ (hungry) every year. 2). The basic needs of the world population should _ (satisfy) first. 3). The survey found that men got greater _ (satisfy) from caring for their families than they did from work. 4). The rapid _ (expand) of cities can cause social and economic problems

11、. 5). We were told to keep all our sports _ (equip) in the lockers downstairs. 6). The people there enjoy complete _ (free) of speech. 7). The _ (discover) of electricity was Franklin.8). Like many _ (discover), atomic power can be used for good or evil. Keys: 1). hunger 2). be sarisfied3). satisfac

12、tion 4). expansion5). equipment 6). freedom 7). discoverer 8). discoveries IV 重點詞匯 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）1. struggle vi.&n.斗爭；拼搏；努力典例 1). They were struggling to get out the burning car. 他們掙扎著從燒著的車?yán)锿馀馈?). The book is about their struggle for liberation. 這本書寫的是他們?yōu)榻夥哦鞯亩窢?。詞語歸納struggle for 為而斗爭struggle with /

13、 against與作斗爭struggle to do sth.努力做某事straggle to one s feet掙扎著站起來a life-and-death struggle生死搏斗練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). They are _ (為而斗爭) the position2). They struggled all through the years _ us _ the Japanese.(介詞)3). The fox struggled _ (escape).4). He _ _ _ _ (掙扎著站起來) and dragged slowly ahead.Keys: 1). stru

14、ggling for 2). with; against 3). to escape 4). struggled to his feet2. equip vt.&vi. 配備；裝備 equipment n.u 裝備；設(shè)備典例1). They equipped themselves for the expedition. 他們?yōu)檫h(yuǎn)征治裝。2). A good education should equip you for life. 有良好的教育能受用終生。重點用法equip sb./sth. with 用武裝某人；用裝備某物 equip sb./sth. for 為而武裝某人；為而裝備某物 a

15、piece of office equipment 一件辦公設(shè)備練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). The soldiers were well _ _ (裝備好了) weapons. 2). We must equip young teachers _ _ _ (對付) difficult children. 3). This library is equipped _ (介詞) atomic research.4). Our classroom _ _ _ (裝備有) a computer and a tape recorder.Keys: 1). equipped with 2). to d

16、eal with 3). for 4). is equipped with 3. regret (regretted) vt. (對)遺憾；惋惜 n.c,u 遺憾；惋惜典例1). If you go now, you ll regret it. 假若你現(xiàn)在就走, 一定得後悔。2). I regret to say the job has been filled. 十分抱歉, 那個工作已經(jīng)有人做了。重點用法regret to say/tell/announce/inform 遺憾地說/告訴/宣布/通知 regret doing / having done sth. 后悔已做了某事 regret

17、that 遺憾/后悔練習(xí) 用括號內(nèi)所提供詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。1). I now regret _ (leave) school so young.2). _ _ _ _(非常抱歉), I am unable to accept your invitation.3). I regret _ (inform) you that your contract will not be renewed. Keys: 1). leaving / having done 2). Much to my regret/To my great regret 3). to inform 4. reduce vt.

18、&vi. 減少；減縮 reduction n.縮減，減少，降低 典例1). He reduced his weight from 98 to 92 kilos/by 6 kilos. 他把體重從98公斤減少到92公斤。2). The reform has reduced us to servants of the State. 這一改革把我們都降為公務(wù)員了。重點用法reduce sth (from.) to. 把某物從減少到 reduce sth. by. 減少多少練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填入正確的介詞。1). We must reduce our expenses _ 300 yuan a mon

19、th. 2). Their output has been reduced _ 10 percent.3). He reduced his weight _ 6 kilos.Keys: 1). to 2). by 3). by 5. focus vt.&vi. 集中(注意力)；聚焦 n. c,u 焦點；中心點 典例1). Focus your camera. 把照相機的焦距調(diào)準(zhǔn)。2). Her beauty makes her the focus of attention. 她長得漂亮, 很惹人注目。重點用法focus on集中于focus (one s attention/mind/effo

20、rts) on集中(注意力/心思/精力)于 練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). The focus of recent research has been _ (介詞) environmental issues. 2). All eyes _ _ (集中于) her.3). They focused their mind on _ (do) the experiment. Keys: 1). on 2). focussed on 3). ment vi.&vt. 表達(dá)意見；作出評論 n. c, u 評論；議論 典例1). The scandal caused a lot of

21、comment. 這件丑聞遭到很多議論。2). “Will you resign, Minister?” “No comment!”“部長，你是要辭職嗎?”“無可奉告?！敝攸c用法comment on/about sth./sb. 對某事/某人評論make comments/no comment on sth./sb. 對某事/某人評論/不進(jìn)行評論練習(xí) 按要求填空或翻譯。1). Have you any comment(s) _ (make) on the recent developments? 2). Asked about the date of the election, the Pri

22、me Minister _ _ (發(fā)表意見) no decision had yet been made. 3). She was asked about the pay increase but _ _ _ (不進(jìn)行評論) on it.Keys: 1). to make 2). commented that 3). made no comment V 重點詞組 （旨在提供綜合運用所需材料）1. thanks to 幸虧；由于；因為 (有時作反語) 典例1). Thanks to your help, much trouble was saved. 多虧你的幫助, 減少了許多麻煩。2). Th

23、anks to the bad weather, the match had been cancelled. 多虧這個倒霉天氣, 比賽取消了。重點用法thanks to 相當(dāng)于because of /owing to /due to /thanks to /on account of /as a result of 如：1). He was injured due to /owing to a car accident. 2). His failure is due to the fact that he lacks experience. 3). The train arrived late

24、 on account of /as a result of a heavy snow. 4). Thanks to him, I m getting better and better . 5). It was thanks to your stupidity that we lost the game . 練習(xí) 翻譯句子。 1). 多虧了新的政策，我們現(xiàn)在過著幸福的生活。_ 2). 多虧了他的忠告我才得以成功。(用強調(diào)句) _3). 由于交通堵塞我遲到了。_Keys: 1). Thanks to the new policy, we are now having a happy life.

25、2). It was thanks to his advice that I succeeded.3). I was late thanks to the traffic jam. 2. rid sb./sth. of. 使某人/某物擺脫 典例1). Many people are working hard to rid the world of famine. 很多人在努力使世界不再有饑荒。2). The dentist rid him of the pain by taking out his bad tooth. 牙科醫(yī)生把他的壞牙拔掉，使他免除痛苦。 重點用法 rid 短語：be ri

26、d of 擺脫 get rid of 擺脫；除掉；去掉rid a house of mice 清除室內(nèi)老鼠rid oneself of debt 還清債務(wù)類似用法動詞inform/ warn/ cure sb. of 通知/警告/治愈某人練習(xí) 翻譯填空。1). He struggled to _ _ _ (使自己擺脫) his guilt.2). The proposals are an attempt to _ _ _ (使國家清除) political corruption.3). He was a boring nuisance! I m glad to _ _ _ (擺脫他的糾纏) h

27、im.4). I still can t _ _ _ (擺脫) my cold.5). The sales manager asked his men to _ _ _ (通知) everything concerning the sales in time.6). The passengers _ _ _ (警告) the danger of unsteady landing.Keys: 1). rid himself of 2). rid the country of 3). be rid of 4). get rid of 5). inform him of 6). are warned

28、 of3. be satisfied with = be content with 對表示滿足或滿意典例1). I was not satisfied with the result. 我對那個結(jié)果感到不滿意。2). Youve done well at school. Im very satisfied with you. 你在學(xué)校干得不錯，我對你很滿意。重點用法sth. satisfy sb. 某事使某人滿意sb. is satisfied sth. 對表示滿足或滿意be satisfied to do 對做感到滿意be satisfied that clause 對做感到滿意a sati

29、sfied smile 滿意的微笑a satisfied customer 感到滿意的顧客feel a sense of satisfaction感到滿足感to sb s / sth s satisfaction 使某人滿意的是far from satisfactory 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿足it is satisfying (to do sth) 做某事是令人滿意的a satisfactory explanation / performance令人滿意的解釋/演出get/obtain/derive satisfaction from one s work 從自己的工作中得到滿足練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思用

30、satisfy 的適當(dāng)形式填空。1). I am not _ (satisfy) with your work. You must improve it. 2). The result doesn t _ (satisfy) me. 3). What he has done is far from _ (satisfy).4). He hung up the phone, _ (satisfy) with a smile on his face.5). It can be very _ (satisfy) to work in the garden.6). Finance officials

31、expressed _ (satisfy) with the recovery of the dollar.Keys: 1). satisfied 2). satisfy 3). satisfactory 4). satisfied 5). satisfying 6). satisfaction4. would rather 寧愿典例1). I d rather walk than take a bus. 我愿意走路而不愿意坐公共汽車。2). “Some more wine?” “Thank you, I d rather not. I have to drive home.”“再來一點酒好嗎

32、?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。 我還得開車回家呢。”重點用法would rather do A (than do B) = would (prefer to) do A (rather than do B) 寧愿做甲事(而不做乙事) would rather sb. did sth.寧愿某人做某事練習(xí) 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空或翻譯。1). I would rather you _ (know) now, than afterwards.2). Rather than _ (ride) on a crowded bus, I prefer _ (walk). 3). 她寧可死也不愿失去孩子們。_K

33、eys: 1). knew 2). ride; to walk 3). She d rather die than lose the children. 5. build up 逐漸建立；逐漸增強體質(zhì)；積累；開發(fā)典例1). You need more protein to build you up. 你需要增加蛋白質(zhì)以增強體質(zhì)。2). He is now trying to build up a fine reputation. 他正在努力逐步贏得好的聲譽。練習(xí) 翻譯填空。1). Slowly a thick layer of fat _ _ (越聚越多) on the pan s surfa

34、ce.2). Exercise will help _ _ (增強) the muscles. 3). They have finally _ _ (建立) a big company.Keys: 1). builds up 2). build up 3). built up 6. lead to 導(dǎo)致；造成（后果）；通往典例 1). This misprint led to great confusion. 這個印刷錯誤造成很大的混淆。2). His actions could lead to him losing his job. 他的行為有可能會導(dǎo)致他丟了工作。短語歸納 lead短語：l

35、ead sb. to 把某人帶到 lead sb. to do sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事 lead sb. in doing sth. 領(lǐng)導(dǎo)/帶領(lǐng)某人做某事 lead to sb. doing sth. 導(dǎo)致某人做某事練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空或按要求填空。1). The events _ _ the start of the First World War.2).What led him _ (kill) his wife? 3). He had led everyone _ (believe) that his family was very wealthy.4). Our research

36、led us _ (介詞) the conclusion that the present system is unfair.5). Too much work and too little rest often _ _ illness.6). He will lead the party of scientists _ (do) the research. 7). Failure often lies in laziness while hard work _ _ success.8). The driver s carelessness _ _ the serious traffic ac

37、cident.Keys: 1). led to 2). to kill 3). to believe 4). to 5). leads to 6). in doing 7). leads to 8). led to / resulted in 7. keep.free from/of = protect sb./sth. from. 使免受(影響/傷害)；使不含(有害物) 典例 1). We should keep ourselves free from drugs. 我們應(yīng)該遠(yuǎn)離毒品。2). I hope you will keep yourself free from tobacco an

38、d alcohol. 我希望你不抽煙不喝酒。練習(xí) 根據(jù)句子意思填空。1). We ve managed to _ the garden _ _weeds this year.2). Relaxation exercises can _ your body _ _ tension.Keys: 1). keep; free of 2). keep; free of VI 重點句子 （旨在提供句子結(jié)構(gòu)等所需材料）1. In 1974, he became the first agricultural pioneer in the world to grow rice that has a high output. 1974年，他成了世界上第一位種植高產(chǎn)水稻的農(nóng)業(yè)先鋒。 解釋 不定式放在表示次序